Exploring How Adipose Tissue, Obesity, and Gender Influence the Immune Response to Vaccines: A Comprehensive Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 862 - 862

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Vaccines represent an essential tool for the prevention of infectious diseases. Upon administration, a complex interaction occurs between vaccine formulation and recipient’s immune system, ultimately resulting in protection against disease. Significant variability exists individual population responses to vaccination, these differences remain focus ongoing research. Notably, well-documented factors, such as age, gender, genetic predisposition, influence responses. In contrast, effects overweight obesity have not been thoroughly investigated. The evidence indicates that high body mass index (BMI) constitutes significant risk factor infections general, with adipose tissue playing crucial role modulating response. Furthermore, suboptimal levels seroconversion observed among individuals obesity. This review provides plausible examination immunity conferred by various vaccines status, offering comprehensive analysis mechanisms enhance vaccination efficiency.

Language: Английский

Mechanisms underlining Kelp (Saccharina japonica) adaptation to relative high seawater temperature

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Saccharina japonica has been cultivated in China for almost a century. From Dalian to Fujian, the lowest and highest seawater temperatures period of cultivation increased by 14℃ 8℃, respectively. Its adaptation elevated temperature is an example securing natural habitats species. To decipher mechanisms underlining S. relative high temperature, we assembled ~ 516.3 Mb female gametophyte genome 540.3 male, The gametophytes isolated from southern kelp cultivars acclimated transforming amino acids, glycosylating protein, maintaining osmotic pressure, intensifying innate immune system, exhausting energy reduction power through PEP-pyruvate-oxaloacetate node iodine cycle. They adapted changing sugar metabolism system. sex was determined HMG-sex, around this male determiner stress tolerant genes become linked or associated with.

Language: Английский

Sex and Gender in Myeloid and Lymphoblastic Leukemias and Multiple Myeloma: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Outcomes

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 204 - 204

Published: March 31, 2025

Biological sex and gender factors significantly influence the pathogenesis, progression, treatment response in hematologic malignancies. This comprehensive review examines sex-specific differences acute myeloid leukemia, lymphoblastic chronic multiple myeloma through systematic analysis of peer-reviewed literature published between 2014–2024 identified structured searches PubMed, Web Science, MEDLINE databases. Epidemiological data demonstrate higher disease incidence (57% male vs. 43% female MM, 63% 37% AML hospitalizations for ages 18–39) inferior outcomes patients across malignancy types (5-year relative survival rates 48.8% 60.4% females with AML), while exhibit superior despite experiencing greater treatment-related toxicities. Our reveals consistent patterns molecular mechanisms, including distinct mutational profiles, immune system function, sex-based pharmacokinetic variations that collectively suggest necessity sex-differentiated approaches. The identifies reproducible diseases, particularly cytogenetic characteristics, demonstrating favorable prognostic mutations leukemias chromosomal abnormalities myeloma. Despite these identifiable patterns, significant knowledge gaps persist regarding underlying mechanisms outcome differences. Incorporating considerations into precision medicine frameworks represents a critical advancement toward optimizing strategies improving clinical

Language: Английский