Vascular dementia: From pathobiology to emerging perspectives

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96, P. 102278 - 102278

Published: March 19, 2024

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia. VaD synonymous with ageing, and its symptoms place a significant burden on health wellbeing older people. Despite identification substantial number risk factors for VaD, pathological mechanisms underpinning this disease remain to be fully elucidated. Consequently, biogerontological imperative exists highlight modifiable lifestyle which can mitigate against developing VaD. This review will critically examine some have been revealed modulate risk. The survey commences by providing an overview putative are associated pathobiology Next, influence examined. Finally, emerging treatment avenues including epigenetics, gut microbiome, pro-longevity pharmaceuticals discussed. By drawing key evidence together, it our hope that used inform future experimental investigations in field.

Language: Английский

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The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Neurological Disorders: A Comprehensive Review

Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 1234 - 1234

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Microbes have inhabited the earth for hundreds of millions years longer than humans. The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) represents a bidirectional communication pathway. These communications occur between central nervous system (CNS), enteric (ENS), and emotional cognitive centres brain. field research on gut-brain has grown significantly during past two decades. Signalling occurs gut microbiota brain through neural, endocrine, immune, humoral pathways. A substantial body evidence indicates that MGBA plays pivotal role in various neurological diseases. include Alzheimer's disease (AD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD), non-Alzheimer's neurodegeneration dementias, fronto-temporal lobe dementia (FTLD), Wilson-Konovalov (WD), multisystem atrophy (MSA), Huntington's chorea (HC), Parkinson's (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral (ALS), temporal epilepsy (TLE), depression, schizophrenia (SCZ). Furthermore, correlation therapeutics will be discussed. Conversely, mood delivery, exercise, psychotropic agents, stress, neurologic drugs can influence MGBA. By understanding MGBA, it may possible to facilitate into microbial-based interventions therapeutic strategies

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota transplantation derived from mild cognitive impairment individuals impairs cerebral glucose uptake and cognitive function in wild-type mice: Bacteroidetes and TXNIP-GLUT signaling pathway

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Sept. 12, 2024

Gut microbiome dysbiosis has been widely implicated in cognitive impairment, but the identity of specific bacterial taxa and mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Brain glucose hypometabolism coincides with decline. This study explored link among cognition, gut microbiota uptake based on fecal transplantation from mild impairment individuals (MCI-FMT) investigated whether similar were involved 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC)-induced Our results showed that MCI-FMT mice exhibited learning memory decline morphological lesions brain colon tissues. There reduced

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and risk factors for dementia and mild cognitive impairment among older people in Southeast China: a community-based study

BMC Geriatrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: May 28, 2024

Abstract Background With the aging population, number of individuals with dementia in China is increasing rapidly. This community-based study aimed to investigate prevalence and risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among older adults China. Methods In this study, 20,070 aged ≥ 65 were recruited between January 1, 2022, February 2023, from ten communities Xiamen City, We collected data on age, sex, level education, medical history, as well global cognition functional status. The MCI was examined, different groups assessed. Results overall approximately 5.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.1–5.7) 7.7% CI, 7.4–8.1), respectively. results also indicated that share similar factors, including female hypertension, diabetes mellitus. Compared no formal those > 6 years education had an odds ratio 1.83 1.49–2.25). found only 5.5% positive participants chose be referred hospital further diagnosis treatment during follow-up visits. Conclusions estimated Southeast These findings are crucial preventing managing

Language: Английский

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Causal relationship between skin microbiota and Hidradenitis suppurativa: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Archives of Dermatological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 317(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Data from observational and clinical studies indicate an association between skin microbiota hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). However, the causal relationship HS remains to be elucidated. We obtained data on summary statistics of genome-wide applied Mendelian randomization (MR) statistical methods assess causality. Specifically, we employed both full MR inverse methods, utilizing five approaches, including variance weighting, evaluate Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were conducted validate findings. Inverse weighted analysis revealed that order Burkholderiales (OR = 0.922, 95% CI 0.855–0.994, P 0.033), genus Enhydrobacter 0.897, 0.815–0.986, 0.025), ASV037 0.926, 0.863–0.995, 0.036), ASV016 0.932, 0.870–0.998, 0.043) exhibited a protective effect against HS. Conversely, ASV022 1.098, 1.027–1.175, 0.007) was identified as risk factor. Our suggests possible specific These findings shed light potential pathogenesis therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Targeting the gut microbiota-inflammation-brain axis as a potential therapeutic strategy for psychiatric disorders: A Mendelian randomization analysis

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 374, P. 150 - 159

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses support cross-talk between air pollution exposure and gut microbiome

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Background Various studies have suggested the intriguing potential of air pollution exposure to influence gut microbiota diversity. It can impact not only by directly entering intestine, but also through gut-lung axis when deposited in lungs. Nevertheless, scarcity compelling genetic causal evidence remains conspicuous. Our objective was evaluate whether a relationship exists between and microbiota, along with implications this connection. Method This study designed investigate link pollutant (encompassing PM_2.5, PM₁₀, PM_2.5−10, NO₂, NO_x) alterations microbiome using two-sample Mendelian randomization method based on summary-level GWAS study. To explore effect pollutants we conducted MR analyses across five specific feature levels, including phylum, class, order, family, genus. The main analytical approach employed inverse variance weighting (IVW), which examined outcome assessing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked pollution.. Additional sensitivity analyses, such as Cochran Q test, MR-Egger regression, leave-one-out analysis, were robustness findings. Results A statistically noteworthy association observed NO₂ an uptick genus Eubacterium fissicatena group [IVW-odds ratio (OR) = 2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.42–3.41; P 4.36*10^{− 4}], Gordonibacter (IVW-OR 2.29; 95%CI: 1.48–3.56; 2.17*10^{− 4}), LachnosPiraceae (IVW-OR 1.82; 1.32–2.51; 2.37*10^{− 4}). Contrarily, decrease abundance Holdemania 0.616; 0.47–0.81; 6.58*10^{− 4}) Ruminococcus gauvreauii 0.663; 0.53–0.83; 4.63*10^{− exposure. Furthermore, PM_2.5 associated lower presence Family XIII 0.691; 0.55–0.87; 1.47*10− 3). Conclusion findings indicate pollutants, particularly appeared microbiota's composition, especially for group, genus, may offer valuable insights further investigations into mechanisms clinical pollution-induced dysbiosis microbiome.}

Language: Английский

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Causal Relationship Between Emotional Disorders and Thyroid Disorders: A Bidirectional Two‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Introduction The interplay between emotional disorders and thyroid has been subject to numerous observational studies, which have consistently reported associations but failed establish clear causal links due the multifactorial etiology influences. We conducted a bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis explore genetic association disorders. Methods employed several methods, including inverse‐variance weighted (IVW), median, mode, MR Egger regression. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were using MR‐Egger, Pleiotropy Residual Sum Outlier (MR‐PRESSO), Cochran's Q, leave‐one‐out methods. Results IVW results showed negative relationships hypothyroidism, toxic single nodules in thyrotoxicosis, hyperthyroidism/toxicity. there was positive relationship anxiety hypothyroidism. of reverse estimates revealed autoimmune thyroiditis, recurrent or chronic depression. hyperthyroidism/toxicity bipolar disorder. Conclusion This study preliminarily reveals complex, disorders, particularly highlighting role dysfunction development certain vice versa.

Language: Английский

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The relationship between amino acids and gastroesophageal reflux disease: evidence from a mendelian randomization analysis combined with a meta-analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 4, 2025

Background Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder globally, exhibits variable prevalence across regions, with higher frequencies observed in Western nations and lower Asian countries. Key contributing factors encompass unhealthy eating patterns, tobacco use, consumption of alcohol, excess weight, obesity, along health conditions such as gestation diabetes. Common manifestations include heartburn burning discomfort behind the breastbone, which, without appropriate management, can progress to more severe issues like esophagitis Barrett’s esophagus. Approaches management prevention primarily involve modifications lifestyle, pharmacotherapy, surgical interventions when deemed necessary. Utilizing Omics Mendelian Randomization (OMR) investigate causative links between genetic variants diseases provides insights into biological underpinnings gastroesophageal reflux diseasec. It aids pinpointing novel targets for therapy. The influence amino acids disease demonstrates complexity, having potential both mitigate intensify symptoms, underscoring significance personalized nutrition therapeutic strategies. Methods This study is based on omics mendelian randomization method, coupled meta-analysis techniques, enhance precision research findings. Furthermore, reverse validation procedure was implemented validate association positive findings outcomes further. Throughout study, multiple correction measures were employed ensure accuracy reliability results. Results Based our methodology, we have ultimately discovered that glutamate exacerbates disease, increasing its risk. data supporting this includes analysis 20 from Finnish database, which showed had an odds ratio (OR) risk 1.175(95% confidence interval (CI): 1.000 ~ 1.380, P = 0.05), beta value 0.161. Analysis UK database indicated OR 1.399(95% CI: 1.060 1.847, 0.018) 0.336. After conducting MR results applying corrections, combined 1.227 (95% 1.068 1.411 0.043); values three primary consistent direction. Building results, outcome two different sources showed: Finngen exposure, Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method resulted P-value 0.059; IEU under same condition, IVW 1.433. Conclusions Glutamate may increase exacerbate progression through mechanisms impacting nervous system promoting inflammatory responses. Delving role enriches understanding disease’s offer new strategies clinical treatment nutritional management. insight aid developing healthier dietary plans, thereby benefiting patients.

Language: Английский

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Deconstruct the link between gut microbiota and neurological diseases: application of Mendelian randomization analysis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 6, 2025

Background Recent research on the gut-brain axis has deepened our understanding of correlation between gut bacteria and neurological system. The inflammatory response triggered by microbiota may be associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, impact emotional state, known as “Gut-mood” relationship, could play a role in depression anxiety disorders. Results This review summarizes recent data pathophysiology neuropsychiatric disorders including epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, brain cancer, Parkinson’s bipolar disorder stroke. Also, we conducted Mendelian randomization study seven (Epilepsy, stroke). MR-Egger MR-PRESSO tests confirmed robustness analysis against horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusions By comparing protective risk factors for found other researches, can furtherly determine valuable indicators disease evolution tracking potential treatment targets. Future should explore extensive microbiome genome-wide association datasets using metagenomics sequencing techniques to deepen connections causality

Language: Английский

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