The acoustic parameter by acoustic microscopy reveals the physiological transition of brain immune cells DOI Creative Commons

Sharumadhi Veloo,

Christine Li Mei Lee,

Maki Shibata

et al.

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(1), P. 01SP01 - 01SP01

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Abstract Microglia (MG) is the innate brain immune cell that plays a vital role in inflammation and infection by releasing neurotoxins to sustain immunity. After encountering challenges, MG develops memory, influencing its responses subsequent inflammatory stimuli. However, dynamic three-dimensional changes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation memorizing process are unknown. This study investigates morphological repeated LPS using scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) approach, non-invasive visualizing device. Furthermore, we can observe adhesion two-dimensional analyses. We observed significant decrease impedance (AI) value LPS-treated following first hit, which was not replicated with hits. In contrast, AI control exhibited continuous oscillations after all four These results indicate tolerance initial exposure. successfully characterized morphology SAM.

Language: Английский

Targeting active microglia alleviates distal edge of proton radiation-induced neural damage DOI Creative Commons

Keman Liao,

Dan Ou,

Chen Mei

et al.

Advances in Radiation Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101764 - 101764

Published: March 1, 2025

Proton therapy (PT) has distinct advantages in its ability to precisely target tumors while avoiding adjacent normal tissues. However, the distal edge effects of PT constrain application. This study investigated brain tissue response regions protons and compared it with effect photons. The occurrence damage from photons at was a murine model. Bragg peak treatment plans for models were optimized. Hematoxylin eosin immunofluorescence staining performed along margin. In addition, approximate distance neuronal sites calculated. Furthermore, small-molecule inhibitor studied inhibit microglia activation. injury model successfully established. Reactive gliosis granulovacuolar degeneration observed right hemisphere proton irradiation group. Neuronal injuries multiple locations (the frontal lobe, thalamus, cerebral cortex) border, but no injured neurons detected vertical photon exposed areas. Meanwhile, severe neural seen horizontal irradiation. At (0.4633 ± 0.01856 cm), abnormal morphology accumulated. IBA1 CD68 revealed activated corresponding sites, indicating their involvement irradiation-induced damage. Activated not irradiation, whereas many Moreover, asparagine endopeptidase inhibitors administered via intraperitoneal injection significantly reduced active thalamus cortex alleviated demonstrated that radiation induces accumulation edge. Targeting may play protective role radiation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Oral–Gut Microbiome–Brain Axis in Cognition DOI Creative Commons

Noorul Ain Adil,

Christabel Omo-Erigbe,

Hariom Yadav

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 814 - 814

Published: April 3, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and neuronal loss, affecting millions worldwide. Emerging evidence highlights the oral microbiome—a complex ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa as significant factor in health. Dysbiosis microbiome contributes to systemic inflammation, disrupts blood–brain barrier, promotes neuroinflammation, processes increasingly implicated pathogenesis AD. This review examines mechanisms linking dysbiosis through oral–brain oral–gut–brain axis. These interconnected pathways enable bidirectional communication between cavity, gut, brain via neural, immune, endocrine signaling. Oral pathogens, such Porphyromonas gingivalis, along with virulence factors, including lipopolysaccharides (LPS) gingipains, contribute while metabolic byproducts, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) peptidoglycans, further exacerbate immune activation. Additionally, this explores influence external diet, pH balance, medication use, smoking, alcohol consumption, hygiene, on microbial diversity stability, highlighting their role shaping outcomes. The dynamic interplay gut microbiomes reinforces importance homeostasis preserving neurological interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, offer promising strategies support function reduce risk diseases, AD, maintaining diverse microbiome. Future longitudinal research needed identify long-term impact cognition.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Effect of microglial Pd1 on glial scar formation after spinal cord injury in mice DOI Creative Commons

Yunyun Cai,

Zhihao Lin, Xin Shen

et al.

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108489 - 108489

Published: April 1, 2025

The crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes following spinal cord injury (SCI) greatly decides the prognosis. However, a comprehensive understanding of molecular mechanisms by which regulate astrocytic activity post-SCI is lacking. Programmed cell death protein 1 (Pdcd1, Pd1) plays crucial role in modulating immune responses exerting suppressive effects on peripheral cells within central nervous system (CNS). Previous studies have shown involvement Pd1 pathogenesis SCI; however, microglial activation glial scar formation remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that pharmacological depletion using minocycline decreased expression TNF-α IL-6 while concurrently increasing IL-10 SCI, thereby facilitating motor function recovery mice. We observed an increase injured after with precise localization microglia. Based knockout (KO) mice, further revealed deficiency disrupted formation, leading to increased inflammation, impeded nerve regeneration, enlarged tissue damage, compromised functional SCI. In vitro study showed siRNA-mediated inhibition followed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment significantly inhibited astrocyte migration upregulated secretion CXCL9 from microglia, indicating regulates through inflammatory microenvironment. Our gains new mechanistic insight into how fate SCI promotes as promising therapeutic target for

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Quercetin ameliorates chronic restraint stress- and LPS-induced anxiety-like behaviors by modulating neuroinflammation in the lateral hypothalamus DOI
Xinxin Wang,

Gong Weng,

Yu Gao

et al.

Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Regional molecular changes in chronic Lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation DOI Creative Commons
Leandrie Pienaar,

Adalayne Ramsamy,

Aletta ME. Millen

et al.

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100515 - 100515

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The acoustic parameter by acoustic microscopy reveals the physiological transition of brain immune cells DOI Creative Commons

Sharumadhi Veloo,

Christine Li Mei Lee,

Maki Shibata

et al.

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 64(1), P. 01SP01 - 01SP01

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Abstract Microglia (MG) is the innate brain immune cell that plays a vital role in inflammation and infection by releasing neurotoxins to sustain immunity. After encountering challenges, MG develops memory, influencing its responses subsequent inflammatory stimuli. However, dynamic three-dimensional changes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation memorizing process are unknown. This study investigates morphological repeated LPS using scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) approach, non-invasive visualizing device. Furthermore, we can observe adhesion two-dimensional analyses. We observed significant decrease impedance (AI) value LPS-treated following first hit, which was not replicated with hits. In contrast, AI control exhibited continuous oscillations after all four These results indicate tolerance initial exposure. successfully characterized morphology SAM.

Language: Английский

Citations

0