The Microbiota in Long COVID

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 1330 - 1330

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Interest in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has progressively decreased lately, mainly due to great effectivity of vaccines. Furthermore, no new severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants able circumvent protection these vaccines, while presenting high transmissibility and/or lethality, have appeared. However, long COVID emerged as a huge threat human health and economy globally. The microbiota plays an important role disease, participating modulation innate adaptive immune responses. Thus, multiple studies found that nasopharyngeal is altered COVID-19 patients, with changes associated onset severity disease. Nevertheless, although dysbiosis also been reported gut, little known about possible involvement development this Therefore, work, we aim fill gap knowledge by discussing comparing most relevant published field up point. Hence, discuss relevance probably underestimated, available data suggest could be playing pivotal on pathogenesis Further research elucidate will essential explore therapeutic strategies based manipulation microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Benzimidazole-Triazole Hybrids as Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents: A Systematic Review

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1220 - 1220

Published: July 22, 2023

Bacterial infections have attracted the attention of researchers in recent decades, especially due to special problems they faced, such as their increasing diversity and resistance antibiotic treatment. The emergence development SARS-CoV-2 infection stimulated even more research find new structures with antimicrobial antiviral properties. Among heterocyclic compounds remarkable therapeutic properties, benzimidazoles, triazoles stand out, possessing antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-Alzheimer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, or anti-ulcer activities. In addition, literature last decade reports benzimidazole-triazole hybrids improved biological properties compared simple mono-heterocyclic compounds. This review aims provide an update on synthesis methods these hybrids, along activities, well structure-activity relationship reported literature. It was found that presence certain groups grafted onto benzimidazole and/or triazole nuclei (-F, -Cl, -Br, -CF3, -NO2, -CN, -CHO, -OH, OCH3, COOCH3), some heterocycles (pyridine, pyrimidine, thiazole, indole, isoxazole, thiadiazole, coumarin) increases activity hybrids. Also, oxygen sulfur atom bridge connecting rings generally mentions only benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole Both for additional ring activity, which is agreement three-dimensional binding mode summarizes advances derivatives potential agents covering articles published from 2000 2023.

Language: Английский

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Comparative Analysis of Neuropsychiatric Adverse Reactions Associated with Remdesivir and Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in COVID-19 Treatment: Insights from EudraVigilance Data

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1886 - 1886

Published: March 11, 2025

Remdesivir (RDV) and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMVr) are among the most widely used antivirals in treatment of COVID-19, aiming to reduce disease severity progression. Adverse neuropsychiatric effects, such as anxiety, sleep disturbances, movement disorders, have emerged significant concerns associated with these treatments. To better understand safety profiles RDV NMVr, this study performs a pharmacovigilance analysis individual case reports (ICSRs) from EudraVigilance (EV) database. Objectives: This evaluates risk adverse events NMVr. Comparisons other antiviral drugs, including darunavir, sofosbuvir, ribavirin, tenofovir, ritonavir, sotrovimab, also performed develop comprehensive understanding profiles. Methods: A retrospective ICSRs submitted EV until 7 July 2024, data extraction on 12 was conducted. Demographic characteristics (age, sex, geographic region, reporter type) were included descriptive analysis. Disproportionality using reporting odds ratio (ROR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) compare drug reaction (ADRs) frequencies across 27 system organ classes (SOCs), emphasis “Nervous disorders” “Psychiatric disorders. Results: The total number significantly higher for NMVr (n = 8078) compared 3934). Nervous disorders accounted 3.07% 17.31% reports, while psychiatric represented 0.92% ADRs reported 60) 3.61% 672). On hand, showed lower frequency headache (ROR: 0.1057; CI: 0.0676–0.1653). Conclusions: presents than RDV, underscoring need enhanced monitoring, particularly patients preexisting central nervous (CNS) conditions. These findings contribute optimizing informing clinical decision making.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic utility of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells-based approaches in pulmonary diseases: Recent advancements and prospects

World Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 70 - 88

Published: Feb. 25, 2024

Pulmonary diseases across all ages threaten millions of people and have emerged as one the major public health issues worldwide. For diverse disease conditions, currently available approaches are focused on alleviating clinical symptoms delaying progression but not shown significant therapeutic effects in patients with lung diseases. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) isolated from human UC capacity for self-renewal multilineage differentiation. Moreover, recent years, these been demonstrated to unique advantages treatment We searched Public Clinical Trial Database found 55 trials involving UC-MSC therapy pulmonary diseases, including coronavirus 2019, acute respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic obstructive disease, fibrosis. In this review, we summarize characteristics registered relevant published results explore depth challenges opportunitiesfaced application. underlying molecular mechanisms involved UC-MSC-based also analyzed depth. brief, comprehensive review detailed analysis can be expected provide a scientific reference future large-scale

Language: Английский

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Characterization of Omicron BA.4.6, XBB, and BQ.1.1 subvariants in hamsters

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 15, 2024

Abstract During the Omicron wave, previous variants such as BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 were replaced by newer with additional mutations in spike protein. These variants, BA.4.6, BQ.1.1, XBB, have spread different countries degrees of success. Here, we evaluated replicative ability pathogenicity BQ1.1, XBB clinical isolates male Syrian hamsters. Although found no substantial differences weight change among hamsters infected these subvariants, BQ.1.1 lung tissue was higher than that BA.4.6 BA.5. Of note, lethal both female transgenic human ACE2 In competition assays, replicated better nasal turbinate tissues previously BA.2. results suggest subvariants family are still evolving should be closely monitored.

Language: Английский

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Pharmacological approaches to pulmonary fibrosis following COVID-19

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 15, 2023

In the past few years, COVID-19 became leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although World Health Organization has declared an end to as a public health emergency, it can be expected, that emerging new cases at top previous ones will result in increasing number patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. Despite fact majority recover, severe acute lung tissue injury susceptible individuals progress interstitial pulmonary involvement. Our goal is provide overview various aspects associated Post-COVID-19 fibrosis focus on its potential pharmacological treatment options.

Language: Английский

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Immune characteristics of kidney transplant recipients with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by COVID-19 at single-cell resolution

Respiratory Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Abstract Background COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can result in tissue damage and multiple organ dysfunction, especially kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Presently, single-cell research on ARDS is considerably advanced, yet knowledge about KTRs still constrained. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis was performed to construct a comprehensive immune landscape of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) eight patients with ARDS, five healthy individuals. Subsequently, we conducted bioinformatics analysis, including cell clustering, enrichment trajectory gene regulatory network cell–cell interaction investigate heterogeneity microenvironment ARDS. Result Our study revealed that exhibit significant compared those other individuals, reductions T cells, as well an abnormal proliferation B monocytes. In context dual influences from immunosuppression viral infection, exhibited more specific plasma along dysfunctional GZMB XAF1 double-positive effector IFI27-positive Additionally, robust communication existed among monocytes cytokine signaling. These effects impede process reconstitution KTR patients. Conclusion findings suggest show elevated antibody levels, impaired differentiation, dysregulation innate immunity. summary, this provides theoretical foundation for understanding KTRs.

Language: Английский

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The dual role of toll-like receptors in COVID-19: Balancing protective immunity and immunopathogenesis

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 137836 - 137836

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Diketopiperazine/piperidine alkaloid as a potential broad-spectrum coronaviral entry inhibitor identified by supercomputer-based virtual screening from a large natural product-based library

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 117841 - 117841

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial to Assess Efficacy and Safety of ELOM-080 in Outpatients with COVID-19

Advances in Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 42(2), P. 1237 - 1250

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Incidences of infections with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are still high and treatment guidelines lack specific recommendations for outpatients Coronavirus-induced disease 2019 (COVID-19). Phytomedicine ELOM-080, an enhancer mucociliary clearance (MCC), showed benefits as add-on therapy in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study investigated whether mild to moderate acute symptomatic would benefit from a 14-day ELOM-080 regard potential early effects on cough further typical symptoms. Outpatients documented symptom severity count coughs daily basis. Investigators safety during the visits. missed its primary objective, which was reduction coughing fits comparison placebo treatment. In analysis, no relevant differences were observed between arms. Data all randomised patients broad heterogeneity in, e.g., time courses fits, affected both magnitude timing changes baseline. However, post hoc analyses population suspected dysfunctional MCC revealed that significantly benefitted terms (p = 0.0070), difficulty breathing exertion 0.0252), earlier remission symptoms by 1-3 days. We have shown ELOM-080. These results might be clinical importance, up now has obtained market approval COVID-19. EudraCT number: 2022-003478-22.

Language: Английский

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