Physical Sciences Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(10), P. 3097 - 3115
Published: Oct. 12, 2023
Abstract
Organic
acids
are
key
to
the
biological,
physical,
and
chemical
functions
of
life.
These
naturally
occur
in
animals,
foods,
microorganisms.
Their
molecular
configurations
drive
several
physical
characteristics
imperative
well-being.
applied
pharmaceutical,
cosmetic,
cleaning
food
industries.
For
decades,
natural
production
organic
has
thrived,
however
microbial
fermentation
been
considered
environmentally
sustainable
approach.
Various
low-cost
substrates
employed
as
substrate
during
fermentation.
The
from
origin
account
for
majority
produced
on
a
large
industrial
basis.
Numerous
bacterial
fungal
have
significance
their
biological
offers
clear
benefits
compared
synthesis
terms
cost.
article
illustrates
brief
description
various
systematic
way
along
with
survey
relative
methods.
Fermentation,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
4(4), P. 85 - 85
Published: Oct. 9, 2018
The
saprophytic
yeast-like
fungus
Aureobasidium
pullulans
has
been
well
documented
for
over
60
years
in
the
microbiological
literature.
It
is
ubiquitous
distribution,
being
found
a
variety
of
environments
(plant
surfaces,
soil,
water,
rock
surfaces
and
manmade
surfaces),
with
worldwide
distribution
from
cold
to
warm
climates
wet/humid
regions
arid
ones.
Isolates
strains
A.
produce
wide
range
natural
products
international
literature
which
have
regarded
as
safe
biotechnological
environmental
applications.
Showing
antagonistic
activity
against
plant
pathogens
(especially
post-harvest
pathogens)
one
major
applications
currently
agriculture
fungus,
nutrient
space
competition,
production
volatile
organic
compounds,
hydrolytic
enzymes
antimicrobial
compounds
(antibacterial
antifungal).
also
shows
positive
role
on
mycotoxin
biocontrol
through
various
modes,
most
striking
that
binding
and/or
absorption.
reported
very
useful
industrial
enzymes,
such
β-glucosidase,
amylases,
cellulases,
lipases,
proteases,
xylanases
mannanases.
Pullulan
(poly-α-1,6-maltotriose
biopolymer)
an
trademark
product
significant
properties
food,
cosmetic
pharmaceutical
industries.
Poly
(β-l-malic
acid),
or
PMA,
biopolyester,
liamocins,
group
produced
heavy
oils
siderophores,
are
among
other
valuable
detected
possible
use.
potential
single-cell
protein
source
capacity
high
levels
nucleic
acid
components
essential
amino
acids,
but
this
remains
be
further
explored.
Last
not
least,
shown
good
aerial
pathogens.
All
these
interest
vitivinicultural
sector
thoroughly
reviewed
under
prism,
concluding
importance
may
if
used
at
both
vineyard
winery
levels.
This
extensive
array
provides
excellent
tools
viticulturist/farmer
oenologist
combat
problems
field
create
high-quality
wine.
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
39(3), P. 408 - 421
Published: Feb. 10, 2019
Some
microorganisms
naturally
produce
β-poly(l-malic
acid)
(PMA),
which
has
excellent
water
solubility,
biodegradability,
and
biocompatibility
properties.
PMA
broad
prospective
applications
as
novel
biopolymeric
materials
carriers
in
the
drug,
food,
biomedical
fields.
Malic
acid,
a
four-carbon
dicarboxylic
is
widely
used
foods
pharmaceuticals,
platform
chemical.
Currently,
malic
acid
produced
through
chemical
synthesis
available
racemic
mixture
of
l-
d-forms.
The
d-form
exhibits
safety
concerns
for
human
consumption.
There
extensive
interest
to
develop
economical
bioprocesses
l-malic
production
from
renewable
biomass
feedstocks.
In
this
review,
we
focus
on
biosynthesis
by
Aureobasidium
pullulans,
black
yeast
with
large
genome
containing
genes
encoding
many
hydrolases
capable
degrading
various
plant
materials.
metabolic
regulatory
pathways
biosynthesis,
engineering
strategies
strain
development,
process
factors
affecting
fermentation
kinetics
production,
downstream
processing
recovery
purification
are
discussed.
Prospects
microbial
also
considered.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: June 21, 2022
Abstract
With
rich
carboxyl
groups
in
the
side
chain,
biodegradable
polymalic
acid
(PMLA)
is
an
ideal
delivery
platform
for
multifunctional
purposes,
including
imaging
diagnosis
and
targeting
therapy.
This
polymeric
material
can
be
obtained
via
chemical
synthesis,
or
biological
production
where
L-malic
acids
are
polymerized
presence
of
PMLA
synthetase
inside
a
variety
microorganisms.
Fermentative
methods
have
been
employed
to
produce
PMLAs
from
sources,
analytical
assessments
established
characterize
this
natural
biopolymer.
Further
functionalized,
serves
as
versatile
carrier
pharmaceutically
active
molecules
at
nano
scale.
In
review,
we
first
delineate
biosynthesis
different
microorganisms
compare
with
its
synthesis.
We
then
introduce
biodegradation
mechanism
PMLA,
upscaled
bioproduction
together
characterization.
After
discussing
advantages
disadvantages
suitable
carrier,
strategies
used
functionalize
disease
therapy,
finally
summarize
current
challenges
biomedical
applications
envisage
future
role
clinical
nanomedicine.
Graphical
Microbial Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(8)
Published: July 29, 2024
Abstract
We
here
explore
the
potential
of
fungal
genus
Aureobasidium
as
a
prototype
for
microbial
chassis
industrial
biotechnology
in
context
developing
circular
bioeconomy.
The
study
emphasizes
physiological
advantages
,
including
its
polyextremotolerance,
broad
substrate
spectrum,
and
diverse
product
range,
making
it
promising
candidate
cost‐effective
sustainable
processes.
In
second
part,
recent
advances
genetic
tool
development,
well
approaches
up‐scaled
fermentation,
are
described.
This
review
adds
to
growing
body
scientific
literature
on
this
remarkable
fungus
reveals
future
use
biotechnological
industry.
