The novel mechanisms and applications of exosomes in dermatology and cutaneous medical aesthetics

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 166, P. 105490 - 105490

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

Exposure to the external environment may lead instability and dysfunction of skin, resulting in refractory wound, skin aging, pigmented dermatosis, hair loss, some immune-mediated dermatoses, connective tissue diseases. Nowadays, many treatments have not achieved a commendable balance between medical recovery cosmetic needs. Exosomes are cell-derived nanoscale vesicles carrying various biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, with capability communicate adjacent or distant cells. Recent studies demonstrated that endogenic multiple kinds exosomes crucial orchestrators shaping physiological pathological development skin. Besides, exogenous exosomes, such as stem cell can serve novel treatment options repair, regenerate, rejuvenate tissue. Herein, we review new insights into role microenvironment recent advances applications related dermatology cutaneous aesthetics. The deep understanding mechanisms by which perform biological functions is great potential establish attractive therapeutic methods for

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: Toward cell-free therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine

World Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 814 - 840

Published: Aug. 25, 2020

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent with marked potential for regenerative medicine because of their strong immunosuppressive and abilities. The therapeutic effects MSCs based in part on secretion biologically active factors extracellular vesicles known as exosomes. Exosomes have a diameter 30-100 nm mediate intercellular communication material exchange. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) cell-free therapy diseases of, instance, the kidney, liver, heart, nervous system, musculoskeletal system. Hence, MSC-Exos an alternative to MSC-based medicine. We review variety injuries.

Language: Английский

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Exosomal PD-L1: New Insights Into Tumor Immune Escape Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Oct. 15, 2020

As a classical immune checkpoint molecule, PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells plays pivotal role in immunosuppression, primarily by inhibiting antitumor activities T binding to its receptor PD-1. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have demonstrated unprecedented promise treating various human cancers with impressive efficacy. However, significant portion cancer patients remains less responsive. Therefore, better understanding PD-L1-mediated escape is imperative. can be expressed cells, but it also found exist extracellular forms, such as exosomes. Recent studies revealed importance exosomal (ExoPD-L1). an alternative membrane-bound PD-L1, ExoPD-L1 produced important regulatory response. We review recent remarkable findings biological functions ExoPD-L1, including inhibition lymphocyte activities, migration PD-L1-negative and induction both local systemic promotion growth. discuss potential implications predictor for disease progression treatment response, sensitive methods detection circulating novel therapeutic strategies combining exosome biogenesis blockade clinic.

Language: Английский

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Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells modulate inflammation and angiogenesis through exosomes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Feb. 17, 2022

Stem cell-derived exosomes are efficient and safe therapeutic tools for transferring endogenous biological cargo or functional biomolecules regenerative medicine. The regulation of inflammation angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in wound healing tissue regeneration. purpose this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory pro-angiogenic roles human adipose mesenchymal stem exosomes, focusing on underlying mechanisms. Exosomes inhibited LPS-induced by activating ROCK1 PTEN expression. Moreover, microRNAs (miR-132 miR-146a) released from upregulated expression genes promoted proliferation activity tube formation umbilical vein endothelial cells. Exosomal effects were verified using ROCK1/PTEN inhibitors anti-inflammation miR-132/miR-146a pro-angiogenesis. Our findings suggest that exert targeting pathway exhibit via delivery miR-132 miR-146a. Taken together, these results may be promising candidates curing diseases involved angiogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Carry MicroRNA-671 to Alleviate Myocardial Infarction Through Inactivating the TGFBR2/Smad2 Axis

Inflammation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 44(5), P. 1815 - 1830

Published: April 21, 2021

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derived extracellular vesicles have been reported as promising tools for the management of heart disease. The aim this study was to explore function adipose-derived MSCs (adMSCs)-derived exosomes (Exo) in progression myocardial infarction (MI) molecules involved. Mouse cardiomyocytes were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) mimic an MI condition vitro . adMSCs-derived Exo identified administrated into OGD-treated cardiomyocytes, then viability apoptosis cells, secretion fibrosis- inflammation-related cytokines determined. Differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) after treatment screened using a microarray analysis. downstream regulated by miR-671 explored through bioinformatic Involvements transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2) exosome-mediated events confirmed rescue experiments. A murine model induced functional experiments vivo Compared phosphate-buffered saline treatment, significantly enhanced while reduced fibrosis inflammation both upregulated treatment. Downregulation blocked protective functions Exo. targeted TGFBR2 suppressed phosphorylation Smad2. Artificial downregulation cardiomyocytes. This suggested that adMSC-derived exosomal directly targets reduces Smad2 alleviate MI-like symptoms

Language: Английский

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