Journal of Controlled Release,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
356, P. 463 - 480
Published: March 15, 2023
Complexity
and
difficulties
in
wound
management
are
pressing
concerns
that
affect
patients'
quality
of
life
may
result
tissue
infection,
necrosis,
loss
local
systemic
functions.
Hence,
novel
approaches
to
accelerate
healing
being
actively
explored
over
the
last
decade.
Exosomes
as
important
mediators
intercellular
communications
promising
natural
nanocarriers
due
their
biocompatibility,
low
immunogenicity,
drug
loading
targeting
capacities,
innate
stability.
More
importantly,
exosomes
developed
a
versatile
pharmaceutical
engineering
platform
for
repair.
This
review
provides
an
overview
biological
physiological
functions
derived
from
variety
origins
during
phases,
strategies
exosomal
engineering,
therapeutic
applications
skin
regeneration.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: March 21, 2022
Abstract
Mesenchymal
stromal/stem
cells
(MSCs)
possess
multi-lineage
differentiation
and
self-renewal
potentials.
MSCs-based
therapies
have
been
widely
utilized
for
the
treatment
of
diverse
inflammatory
diseases,
due
to
potent
immunoregulatory
functions
MSCs.
An
increasing
body
evidence
indicates
that
MSCs
exert
their
therapeutic
effects
largely
through
paracrine
actions.
Growth
factors,
cytokines,
chemokines,
extracellular
matrix
components,
metabolic
products
were
all
found
be
functional
molecules
in
various
paradigms.
These
secretory
factors
contribute
immune
modulation,
tissue
remodeling,
cellular
homeostasis
during
regeneration.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
discuss
recent
advances
our
understanding
behavior
intracellular
communication
accounts
potential
treating
human
diseases.
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(7)
Published: July 4, 2022
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
can
be
widely
isolated
from
various
tissues
including
bone
marrow,
umbilical
cord,
and
adipose
tissue,
with
the
potential
for
self-renewal
multipotent
differentiation.
There
is
compelling
evidence
that
therapeutic
effect
of
MSCs
mainly
depends
on
their
paracrine
action.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
fundamental
effectors
play
a
crucial
role
in
intercellular
communication,
existing
body
fluids
cell
supernatants.
Since
MSC-derived
EVs
retain
function
protocells
have
lower
immunogenicity,
they
wide
range
prospective
applications
advantages
over
therapy.
We
describe
some
characteristics
MSC-EVs,
discuss
immune
regulation
regeneration,
emphasis
molecular
mechanism
application
MSC-EVs
treatment
fibrosis
support
tissue
repair.
also
highlight
current
challenges
clinical
ways
to
overcome
problem
quality
heterogeneity.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 16, P. 1281 - 1312
Published: Feb. 1, 2021
Abstract:
Exosomes
are
nanoscale-sized
membrane
vesicles
secreted
by
almost
all
cell
types
into
the
extracellular
environment
upon
fusion
of
multivesicular
bodies
and
plasma
membrane.
Biogenesis
exosomes
is
a
protein
quality
control
mechanism,
once
released,
transmit
signals
to
other
cells.
The
applications
have
increased
immensely
in
biomedical
fields
owing
their
cell-specific
cargos
that
facilitate
intercellular
communications
with
neighboring
cells
through
transfer
biologically
active
compounds.
diverse
constituents
reflect
origin
detection
biological
fluids
represents
diagnostic
marker
for
various
diseases.
Exosome
research
expanding
rapidly
due
potential
clinical
application
therapeutics
diagnosis.
However,
several
aspects
exosome
biology
remain
elusive.
To
discover
use
applications,
we
must
better
understand
basic
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
biogenesis
function.
In
this
comprehensive
review,
describe
factors
involved
role
signaling
cell-cell
communications,
immune
responses,
cellular
homeostasis,
autophagy,
infectious
addition,
discuss
as
markers,
therapeutic
implications.
Furthermore,
addressed
challenges
outstanding
developments
research,
future
perspectives.
Keywords:
vesicle,
exosome,
biogenesis,
function,
communication,
response,
autophagy
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: May 21, 2021
Abstract
Background
Enhanced
angiogenesis
can
promote
diabetic
wound
healing.
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)-derived
exosomes,
which
are
cell-free
therapeutics,
promising
candidates
for
the
treatment
of
The
present
study
aimed
to
investigate
effect
exosomes
derived
from
MSCs
pretreated
with
pioglitazone
(PGZ-Exos)
on
Results
We
isolated
PGZ-Exos
supernatants
pioglitazone-treated
BMSCs
and
found
that
significantly
cell
viability
proliferation
Human
Umbilical
Vein
Vascular
Endothelial
Cells
(HUVECs)
injured
by
high
glucose
(HG).
enhanced
biological
functions
HUVECs,
including
migration,
tube
formation,
repair
VEGF
expression
in
vitro.
In
addition,
promoted
protein
p-AKT,
p-PI3K
p-eNOS
suppressed
PTEN.
LY294002
inhibited
function
HUVECs
through
inhibition
PI3K/AKT/eNOS
pathway.
vivo
modeling
rat
wounds
showed
pretreatment
therapeutic
efficacy
MSCs-derived
accelerated
healing
via
angiogenesis.
collagen
deposition,
ECM
remodeling
CD31
expression,
indicating
adequate
Conclusions
promoting
angiogenic
activation
This
offers
a
novel
therapy
treating
Graphic
abstract
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: July 7, 2021
Abstract
Refractory
diabetic
wounds
can
cause
persistent
inflammation
and
delayed
healing
due
to
hypoxia.
Currently,
no
optimal
solution
is
available.
Exosomes
of
adipose
stem
cells
(ADSCs-exo)
may
promote
skin
wound
healing,
however,
molecular
mechanisms
remains
mysterious.
We
found
significantly
enhanced
survival
proliferation
after
hypoxia
induction
compared
normoxia.
Here,
we
aimed
investigate
if
hypoxic
exosomes
(HypADSCs-exo)
participate
in
adaptability
accelerate
healing.
Based
on
high-throughput
sequencing,
215
microRNAs
(miRNAs)
were
upregulated
369
miRNAs
downregulated
HypADSCs-exo
ADSCs-exo.
Up-regulated
miR-21-3p,
miR-126-5p,
miR-31-5p
whereas
down-regulated
gene
miR-99b
miR-146-a
correlated
with
According
Gene
Ontology
(GO)
Kyoto
Encyclopedia
Genes
Genomes
(KEGG),
might
regulate
cell
metabolism,
differentiation
Transforming
growth
factor-β
(TGF-β)
function.
Consistently,
HpyADSCs-exo
could
inhibit
through
PI3K/AKT
signaling
pathway.
Collectively,
as
an
alternative
strategy
improve
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: July 12, 2021
Abstract
Recently,
mesenchymal
stem/stromal
cells
(MSCs)
due
to
their
pro-angiogenic,
anti-apoptotic,
and
immunoregulatory
competencies
along
with
fewer
ethical
issues
are
presented
as
a
rational
strategy
for
regenerative
medicine.
Current
reports
have
signified
that
the
pleiotropic
effects
of
MSCs
not
related
differentiation
potentials,
but
rather
exerted
through
release
soluble
paracrine
molecules.
Being
nano-sized,
non-toxic,
biocompatible,
barely
immunogenic,
owning
targeting
capability
organotropism,
exosomes
considered
nanocarriers
possible
use
in
diagnosis
therapy.
Exosomes
convey
functional
molecules
such
long
non-coding
RNAs
(lncRNAs)
micro-RNAs
(miRNAs),
proteins
(e.g.,
chemokine
cytokine),
lipids
from
target
cells.
They
participate
intercellular
interaction
procedures
enable
repair
damaged
or
diseased
tissues
organs.
Findings
evidenced
alone
liable
beneficial
influences
myriad
experimental
models,
suggesting
MSC-
can
be
utilized
establish
novel
cell-free
therapeutic
treatment
varied
human
disorders,
encompassing
myocardial
infarction
(MI),
CNS-related
musculoskeletal
disorders
(e.g.
arthritis),
kidney
diseases,
liver
lung
well
cutaneous
wounds.
Importantly,
compared
MSCs,
serve
more
steady
entities
reduced
safety
risks
concerning
injection
live
cells,
microvasculature
occlusion
risk.
In
current
review,
we
will
discuss
potential
an
innovative
approach
context
medicine
highlight
recent
knowledge
on
translational
medicine,
focusing
vivo
researches.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
22(8), P. 3851 - 3851
Published: April 8, 2021
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
derived
from
mesenchymal
stem
cells
isolated
both
bone
marrow
(BMSCs)
and
adipose
tissue
(ADSCs)
show
potential
therapeutic
effects.
These
often
a
similar
beneficial
effect
on
regeneration,
but
in
some
contexts,
they
exert
different
biological
properties.
To
date,
comparison
of
their
molecular
cargo
that
could
explain
the
is
not
available.
Here,
we
demonstrated
ADSC-EVs,
BMSC-EVs,
promote
wound
healing
murine
model
diabetic
wounds.
Besides
general
similarity,
bioinformatic
analysis
protein
miRNA
highlighted
important
differences
between
these
two
types
EVs.
Molecules
present
exclusively
ADSC-EVs
were
highly
correlated
to
angiogenesis,
whereas
those
expressed
BMSC-EVs
preferentially
involved
cellular
proliferation.
Finally,
vitro
confirmed
ADSC
exploited
skin
such
as
fibroblasts,
keratinocytes
endothelial
cells,
through
processes.
Consistent
with
analyses,
shown
mainly
proliferation,
major
angiogenesis.
Taken
together,
results
provide
deeper
comparative
information
impact
regenerative
processes
essential
for
healing.
Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: April 26, 2023
Abstract
Wound
healing
is
a
dynamic
and
highly
sequential
process
involving
series
of
overlapping
spatial
temporal
phases,
including
hemostasis,
inflammation,
proliferation,
tissue
remodeling.
Mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
are
multipotent
with
self-renewal,
multidirectional
differentiation
potential,
paracrine
regulation.
Exosomes
subcellular
vesicular
components
30–150
nm
in
size
novel
carriers
intercellular
communication
regulating
the
biological
behaviors
skin
cells.
Compared
to
MSCs,
MSC-derived
exosomes
(MSC-exos)
possess
lower
immunogenicity,
easy
storage,
effective
activity.
MSC-exos,
mainly
derived
from
adipose-derived
(ADSCs),
bone
marrow-derived
MSCs
(BMSCs),
human
umbilical
cord
(hUC-MSCs),
other
cell
types,
play
role
shaping
activity
fibroblasts,
keratinocytes,
immune
cells,
endothelial
diabetic
wounds,
inflammatory
wound
repair,
even
wound-related
keloid
formation.
Therefore,
this
study
focuses
on
specific
roles
mechanisms
different
MSC-exos
healing,
as
well
current
limitations
various
perspectives.
Deciphering
properties
crucial
providing
promising
cell-free
therapeutic
tool
for
cutaneous
regeneration.
Graphical
