Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(9), P. 1789 - 1789
Published: Sept. 10, 2022
Glutathione
(GSH),
a
major
antioxidant
in
mammalian
cells,
regulates
several
vital
cellular
processes,
such
as
nutrient
metabolism,
protein
synthesis,
and
immune
responses.
In
addition
to
its
role
defense,
GSH
controls
biological
processes
through
conjugation
reactive
cysteines
post-translational
modification
known
S-glutathionylation
(PSSG).
PSSG
has
recently
been
implicated
the
pathogenesis
of
multiple
diseases
including
idiopathic
pulmonary
fibrosis
(IPF).
Hallmarks
IPF
include
repeated
injury
alveolar
epithelium
with
aberrant
tissue
repair,
epithelial
cell
apoptosis
fibroblast
resistance
apoptosis,
accumulation
extracellular
matrix
distortion
normal
lung
architecture.
Several
studies
have
linked
oxidative
stress
development
progression
IPF.
Additionally,
it
suggested
that
loss
homeostasis
increased
accompanied
by
release
various
metabolites,
creates
vicious
cycle
aggravates
disease
progression.
this
short
review,
we
highlight
some
recent
link
potential
implication
metabolites
secreted
apoptotic
cells.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Sept. 23, 2021
Engineered
nanomaterials
are
bestowed
with
certain
inherent
physicochemical
properties
unlike
their
parent
materials,
rendering
them
suitable
for
the
multifaceted
needs
of
state-of-the-art
biomedical,
and
pharmaceutical
applications.
The
log-phase
development
nano-science
along
improved
“bench
to
beside”
conversion
carries
an
enhanced
probability
human
exposure
numerous
nanoparticles.
Thus,
toxicity
assessment
these
novel
nanoscale
materials
holds
a
key
ensuring
safety
aspects
or
else
global
biome
will
certainly
face
debacle.
may
span
from
health
hazards
due
direct
indirect
means
through
food
chain
contamination
environmental
pollution,
even
causing
genotoxicity.
Multiple
ways
nanotoxicity
evaluation
include
several
in
vitro
vivo
methods,
methods
occupying
bulk
“experimental
space.”
underlying
reason
be
multiple,
but
ethical
constraints
animal
experiments
significant
one.
Two-dimensional
(2D)
monoculture
is
undoubtedly
most
exploited
method
providing
advantages
terms
cost-effectiveness,
high
throughput,
reproducibility.
However,
it
often
fails
mimic
tissue
organ
which
possesses
defined
three-dimensional
structure
(3D)
intercellular
communication
machinery.
Instead,
microtissues
such
as
spheroids
organoids
having
precise
3D
architecture
proximate
tissue-like
behavior
can
provide
more
realistic
than
2D
monocultures.
Recent
developments
microfluidics
bioreactor-based
organoid
synthesis
have
eased
difficulties
prosper
nano-toxicological
analysis
models
surpassing
obstacle
issues.
present
review
enlighten
applications
nanotoxicological
evaluation,
advantages,
prospects
toward
securing
commonplace
nano-interventions.
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
19(6), P. 1875 - 1893
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Silica-induced
lung
epithelial
injury
and
fibrosis
are
vital
pathogeneses
of
silicosis.Although
the
NOD-like
receptor
protein
3
(NLRP3)
inflammasome
contributes
to
silica-induced
chronic
inflammation,
its
role
in
regeneration
remains
unclear.Here,
using
mouse
stem/progenitor
cell-derived
organotypic
systems,
including
2D
air-liquid
interface
3D
organoid
cultures,
we
investigated
effects
NLRP3
on
airway
phenotype
function,
cellular
regeneration,
potential
mechanisms.Our
data
showed
that
activation
disrupted
architecture,
impaired
mucociliary
clearance,
induced
hyperplasia
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
culture,
inhibited
development
system.Moreover,
abnormal
expression
cell
markers
SOX2
SOX9
was
observed
models
after
sustained
silica
stimulation.Notably,
these
structural
functional
abnormalities
were
ameliorated
by
MCC950,
a
selective
inhibitor.Further
studies
indicated
NF-κB,
Shh-Gli
Wnt/β-catenin
pathways
involved
inflammasomemediated
differentiation
dysfunction
epithelium.Thus,
prolonged
caused
aberrant
suggesting
is
pivotal
target
for
regulating
tissue
repair
inflammatory
diseases.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: May 17, 2023
Interstitial
lung
disease
(ILD)
is
a
heterogenous
group
of
disorders
where
destruction
and
incomplete
regeneration
the
parenchyma
often
results
in
persistent
architectural
distortion
pulmonary
scaffold.
Continuous
mesenchyme-centered,
disease-relevant
signaling
likely
initiates
perpetuates
fibrotic
remodeling
process,
specifically
targeting
epithelial
cell
compartment,
thereby
destroying
gas
exchange
area.
Organoids,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
2(3), P. 140 - 155
Published: Aug. 12, 2023
Organoid-based
research
has
made
significant
discoveries
and
contributions
to
our
understanding
of
human
organ
function
in
both
health
disease.
To
continue
making
progress,
it
is
crucial
acknowledge
the
role
immune
system
all
organs.
Various
cells,
such
as
macrophages,
T
neutrophils,
are
resident
almost
tissues
play
essential
roles
homeostasis,
function,
Using
diverse
methods,
researchers
have
begun
integrating
cells
into
organoid
models,
leading
more
physiologically
relevant
models
that
better
represent
various
aspects
These
methods
range
from
cell
injection
co-culture
tissue
expansion
with
existing
cells.
Immune
can
be
sourced
mature
patients
or
generated
stem
immature
The
successful
incorporation
organoids
will
enhance
provide
a
accurate
approximation
International Journal of Stem Cells,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(2), P. 102 - 112
Published: May 20, 2024
An
organoid
is
a
self-organized
three-dimensional
structure
derived
from
stem
cells
that
mimics
the
structure,
cell
composition,
and
functional
characteristics
of
specific
organs
tissues
used
for
evaluating
safety
effectiveness
drugs
toxicity
industrial
chemicals.
Organoid
technology
new
methodology
could
replace
testing
on
animals
accelerate
development
precision
regenerative
medicine.
However,
large
variations
in
production
can
occur
between
laboratories
with
low
reproducibility
process
no
internationally
agreed
standards
quality
evaluation
factors
at
endpoints.
To
overcome
these
barriers
hinder
regulatory
acceptance
commercialization
organoids,
Korea
established
Standards
Initiative
September
2023
various
stakeholders,
including
industry,
academia,
agencies,
standard
experts,
through
public
private
partnerships.
This
developed
general
guidelines
manufacturing
organoid-specific
liver,
intestines,
heart
extensive
evidence
analysis
consensus
among
experts.
report
based
common
guideline
v1.0,
which
to
promote
practical
use
organoids.
does
not
focus
organoids
or
contexts
but
provides
guidance
makers
users
materials,
procedures,
essential
assessment
methods
end
points
are
applicable
current
level.
Bioengineering,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9(4), P. 168 - 168
Published: April 10, 2022
Human
induced
pluripotent
stem
cells
(hiPSCs)
can
be
used
to
generate
various
cell
types
in
the
human
body.
Hence,
hiPSC-derived
cardiomyocytes
(hiPSC-CMs)
represent
a
significant
source
for
disease
modeling,
drug
testing,
and
regenerative
medicine.
The
immaturity
of
hiPSC-CMs
two-dimensional
(2D)
culture
limit
their
applications.
Cardiac
tissue
engineering
provides
new
promise
both
basic
clinical
research.
Advanced
bioengineered
cardiac
