Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal inflammation and promotes microbiota-mediated protection against Salmonella fatal infections

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 11, 2022

The fatal impairment of the intestinal mucosal barrier chicks caused by Salmonella significantly resulting economic losses in modern poultry industry. Probiotics are recognized for beneficially influencing host immune responses, promoting maintenance epithelial integrity, antagonistic activity against pathogenic microorganisms and health-promoting properties. Some basic studies attest to probiotic capabilities show that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus could protect mucosa from injury animals infected with Typhimurium. However, mechanisms underlying its protective effects still not fully understood. Here, we used chick infection model combined histological, immunological, molecular approaches address this question. results indicated L. reduced diarrhea rate increased daily weight gain survival S. Furthermore, found markedly improved immunity gut reducing apoptotic cells, hence effectively inhibiting inflammation. Notably, pre-treatment balanced expression interleukin-1β interleukin-18, moderated endotoxin D-lactic acid levels, expanded tight junction protein levels (Zonula occluden-1 Claudin-1), enhanced function cells. Additionally, investigations using full-length 16S rRNA sequencing also demonstrated greatly weakened adhesion , mainly manifestation is improvement diversity microbiota chicks. Collectively, these showed application enhancing integrity stability inflammation new hatch chicks, offering antibiotic alternatives farming animals.

Language: Английский

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Quantitative microbiome profiling reveals the developmental trajectory of the chicken gut microbiota and its connection to host metabolism

iMeta, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(2)

Published: April 25, 2023

Abstract Revealing the assembly and succession of chicken gut microbiota is critical for a better understanding its role in physiology metabolism. However, few studies have examined dynamic changes absolute microbes using quantitative microbiome profiling (QMP) method. Here, we revealed developmental trajectory broiler bacteriome mycobiome by combining high‐throughput sequencing with microbial load quantification assay. We showed that abundance diversity reached plateau at 7 days posthatch (DPH), forming segment‐specific community types after 1 DPH. The was more impacted deterministic processes, affected stochastic processes. also observed stage‐specific different segments, three occurrence patterns including “colonization,” “disappearance,” “core” were defined. co‐occurrence networks very among positive associations than negative associations. Furthermore, provided links between their serum metabolite variations. Time‐course untargeted metabolomics six clusters changing abundance. foregut had connections metabolites, closely related to lipid amino acid present study full landscape development manner, metabolites further highlight impact growth development.

Language: Английский

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Interaction between intestinal mycobiota and microbiota shapes lung inflammation

iMeta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(5)

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Abstract Gut microbiota is an intricate microbial community containing bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa, each of them contributes to diverse aspects host health. Nevertheless, the influence interaction among gut on health remains uncovered. Here, we showed that between intestinal fungi bacteria shaped lung inflammation during infection. Specifically, antifungal drug‐induced dysbiosis mycobiota enhanced Dysbiosis led Escherichia coli ( E. ) overgrowth translocation infection, which induced accumulation CD45 + F4/80 Ly6G − Ly6C CD11b CD11c macrophages. Clearance macrophages or deletion TLR4 (Toll‐like receptor 4, recognition LPS) rather than Dectin‐1 (recognition beta‐1,3/1,6 glucans fungi) blocked aggravation These findings suggest commensal affects through gut–lung axis, offering a potential therapeutic target for ameliorating

Language: Английский

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Carbohydrate-active enzymes in animal feed

Biotechnology Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 65, P. 108145 - 108145

Published: April 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Yeasts and yeast-based products in poultry nutrition

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(2), P. 100345 - 100345

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

The poultry industry is interested in alternatives to antibiotics improve production performance and reduce the incidence of enteric diseases. For more than a decade, yeast fermentation products have been used feed growth efficiency livestock. cell wall comprised numerous polysaccharides: mannans, chitin, β-1,3-glucans, 1,6-glucans. These are major bioactive molecules that can impart health benefits host. Yeast modulate host immune response, load pathogens, ameliorate pathologic effects infections poultry. principal mechanisms action probiotics prebiotics competitive exclusion antagonism, immunomodulation, effect on digestive enzymes, direct nutritional benefits. However, only few species yeast, such as Saccharomyces thoroughly studied for their probiotic potential. Novel species, whole Pichia guilliermondii (Citrsitim) cells, recently shown prebiotic properties demand further investigation. A thorough understanding gut mycobiota required formulate tailor-made avian

Language: Английский

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Description of Gut Mycobiota Composition and Diversity of Caprinae Animals

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

The fungal community, also known as mycobiota, plays pivotal roles in host nutrition and metabolism has potential to cause disease. However, knowledge of the gut structure Caprinae is quite limited. In this study, composition diversity mycobiota animals from different geographical locations (Anhui, Jilin, Guangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Tibet) were comprehensively characterized by analyzing internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) sequences community. results showed that Ascomycota Basidiomycota dominant phyla, which, respectively, accounted for 90.86 95.27% 2.58 7.62% samples each region. Nonetheless, was largely provinces. Therein, Sporormiaceae Thelebolaceae families Tibet, whereas their abundance generally low other regions. intestinal individuals Guangxi higher than addition, there 114 differential genera among all Finally, co-occurrence network revealed 285 significant correlations cross-family pairs guts animals, which contained 149 positive 136 negative relationships, with 96 bacterial 86 participants at family level. This study improved understanding ruminants provided support improvement animal health productivity. IMPORTANCE we elucidated analyzed differences environments. Based on previous findings, between communities analyzed. adds research expanded present microbiome animals.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the incremental effect of fasting length on pH, select cecal microbial groups, cecal volatile fatty acid concentrations, and secretory IgA excretion in roosters

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105161 - 105161

Published: April 1, 2025

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of incremental fasting time on gastrointestinal tract in chickens. Adult White Leghorn roosters with intact ceca provided a nutrient-adequate corn-soybean meal diet ad libitum for 3 weeks. Prior initiation experimental phase, feed intake was recorded 8 h and immediately after period commenced. In Experiment 1, fasted either 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, or 24 h. At each point birds euthanized pH crop, gizzard, cecal contents collected measure volatile fatty acids (VFA) select microbial groups. 2, excreta determine secretory IgA (sIgA) excretion. contrast 2 not thus sIgA excretion measured within individual across point. Experiments 1 contained 5 replicates per treatment, respectively. there linear increase (P < 0.05) as length increased. Cecal VFA content reduced by 9 12 branch-chain FA ratio increased 6 fasting. There few effects > groups mucosa; however, Escherichia coli greater at compared other points. total excreted fasting, being 1106 µg/h mean 419 all conclusion, concentrations pH, coli, branched-chain ratio, excretion, suggesting that elicited negative tract.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenetic and ecological drivers of the avian lung mycobiome and its potentially pathogenic component

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: April 19, 2025

Vertebrate lungs contain diverse microbial communities, but little is known about the drivers of community composition or consequences for health. Microbiome assembly by processes such as dispersal, coevolution, and host-switching can be probed with comparative surveys; however, few studies exist lung microbiomes, particularly fungal component, mycobiome. Distinguishing among taxa that are generalist specialist symbionts, potential pathogens, incidentally inhaled spores urgent because emerging diseases. Here, we characterize avian mycobiome test relative influences environment, phylogeny, functional traits. We used metabarcoding culturing from 195 samples representing 32 bird species across 20 families. identified 526 estimated distinct sequence types (zOTUs) including many opportunistic pathogens. These were predominantly phylum Ascomycota (79%) followed Basidiomycota (16%) Mucoromycota (5%). Yeast yeast-like (Malassezia, Filobasidium, Saccharomyces, Meyerozyma, Aureobasidium) filamentous fungi (Cladosporium, Alternaria, Neurospora, Fusarium, Aspergillus) abundant. Lung mycobiomes strongly shaped environmental exposure, further modulated host identity, traits, phylogenetic affinities. Our results implicate migratory vectors long-distance dispersal opportunistically pathogenic fungi.

Language: Английский

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Altered bacterial-fungal balance in the intestine of bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) with enteritis

Aquaculture and Fisheries, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Study on intestinal microbial communities of three different cattle populations on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. e0312314 - e0312314

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

The Tibetan cattle, indispensable·animals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, have become a focal point for region’s economic development. As such, hybridization of these cattle has been recognized as pivotal strategy to enhance local industry. However, research gut microbiota hybrid remains scarce. Based this, we conducted comparative analysis and its functional implications across three distinct populations: two populations (Tibetan × Holstein TH Jersey TJ) one locoal population (BL). Bacteroidetes Firmicutes dominate all at phylum level. In addition, predominant phyla in BL were found be Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, which may important reasons adaptability high-altitude environment Plateau. Further identified specific biomarkers associated with immune systems including Bacteroidales_RF16, Coriobacterium , Muribaculaceae. contrast, are primarily dominated by Oscillospiraceae Clostridia_UCG_014, TJ mainly Christensenellaceae Gammaproteobacteria. KEGG enrichment revealed that showed significant system, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism-related pathways compared cattle. Overall, results suggest demonstrate enhanced indicate intestinal different altitudes breeds diverse structures functions. Our study presents new perspective role microbiome enhancement

Language: Английский

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