Endothelial cells in tumor microenvironment: insights and perspectives

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

The tumor microenvironment is a highly complex and dynamic mixture of cell types, including tumor, immune endothelial cells (ECs), soluble factors (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors), blood vessels extracellular matrix. Within this network, ECs are not only relevant for controlling fluidity permeability, orchestrating angiogenesis but also regulating the antitumor response. Lining luminal side vessels, check passage molecules into compartment, regulate cellular transmigration, interact with both circulating pathogens innate adaptive cells. Thus, they represent first-line defense system that participates in responses. Tumor-associated involved T priming, activation, proliferation by acting as semi-professional antigen presenting targeting may assist improving functions. Moreover, tumor-associated contribute to development at site tertiary lymphoid structures, which have recently been associated enhanced response checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). When compared normal ECs, abnormal terms phenotype, genetic expression profile, They characterized high proliferative potential ability activate immunosuppressive mechanisms support progression metastatic dissemination. A complete phenotypic functional characterization could be helpful clarify their role within identify EC specific drug targets improve cancer therapy. emerging therapeutic strategies based on combination anti-angiogenic treatments immunotherapy strategies, ICI, CAR bispecific antibodies aim impact block same time increase recruitment activation effector tumor.

Language: Английский

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Exerkines and cardiometabolic benefits of exercise: from bench to clinic

EMBO Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 432 - 444

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Abstract Regular exercise has both immediate and long-lasting benefits on cardiometabolic health, been recommended as a cornerstone of treatment in the management diabetes cardiovascular conditions. Exerkines, which are defined humoral factors responsive to acute or chronic exercise, have emerged important players conferring some multiple exercise. Over past decades, hundreds exerkines released from skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adipose tissue, brain, gut identified, several (such FGF21, IL-6, adiponectin) exploited therapeutically mimetics for various metabolic diseases. Recent advances metagenomics led identification microbiota, so-called “hidden” organ, an additional class determining efficacy prevention, cardiac protection, performance. Furthermore, multiomics-based studies shown feasibility using baseline exerkine signatures predict individual responses with respect cardiorespiratory health. This review aims explore molecular pathways whereby networks mediate adaptations by fine-tuning inter-organ crosstalk, discuss roadmaps translating exerkine-based discovery into therapeutic application personalized medicine disease.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between Dietary Antioxidants, Dietary Fiber and the Gut Microbiome: Their Putative Role in Inflammation and Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(15), P. 8250 - 8250

Published: July 28, 2024

The intricate relationship between the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases underscores significance developing strategies to modulate GI microbiota for promoting human health. administration probiotics prebiotics represents a good strategy that enhances population beneficial bacteria in intestinal lumen post-consumption, which has positive impact on In addition, dietary fibers serve as significant energy source inhabiting cecum colon. Research articles reviews sourced from various global databases were systematically analyzed using specific phrases keywords investigate these relationships. There is clear association fiber intake improved colon function, gut motility, reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Moreover, state health reflected reciprocal bidirectional relationships among food, antioxidants, inflammation, body composition. They are known their antioxidant properties ability inhibit angiogenesis, metastasis, cell proliferation. Additionally, they promote survival, immune inflammatory responses, inactivate pro-carcinogens. These actions collectively contribute role prevention. different investigations, supplements containing vitamins have been shown lower risk types. contrast, some evidence suggests taking can increase cancer. Ultimately, collaborative efforts immunologists, clinicians, nutritionists, dietitians imperative designing well-structured nutritional trials corroborate clinical efficacy therapy managing inflammation preventing carcinogenesis. This review seeks explore interrelationships fiber, microbiome, with particular focus potential implications

Language: Английский

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Harmony Within: Unravelling the Microbiome–Immune System Symbiosis for Health

Advanced Gut & Microbiome Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The microbiome, a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms within the human body, interacts intricately with immune system to maintain health and prevent disease. This dynamic partnership influences development, inflammation regulation, metabolic health, neurological well‐being, while disruptions, termed dysbiosis, have been linked autoimmune disorders, chronic diseases, mental issues. review highlights microbiome’s role in educating system, modulating responses, supporting physical barriers, addressing key research advances, such as microbial metabolites regulation impact on cancer immunotherapy. Emerging technologies like multiomics machine learning propelled microbiome research, unlocking potential for personalized medicine microbiome‐targeted therapies. Despite progress, challenges remain understanding diversity, individual variability, causation–correlation microbiome–immune interactions. Future directions include precision medicine, engineering, public interventions, interdisciplinary collaborations, positioning symbiosis transformative frontier healthcare innovation.

Language: Английский

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Microbial Signatures in COVID-19: Distinguishing Mild and Severe Disease via Gut Microbiota

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 996 - 996

Published: May 1, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has significantly impacted global healthcare, underscoring importance of exploring virus's effects on infected individuals beyond treatments and vaccines. Notably, recent findings suggest that can infect gut, thereby altering gut microbiota. This study aimed to analyze microbiota composition differences between patients experiencing mild severe symptoms. We conducted 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing fecal samples from 49 43 cases upon hospital admission. Our analysis identified a differential abundance specific bacterial species associated with severity disease. Severely affected showed an association

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota transplantation significantly improved respiratory failure of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 22, 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that leads to respiratory failure, and eventually death. However, there lack of effective treatments for ALS. Here we report the results fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in two patients with late-onset classic ALS Japan severity classification grade 5 who required tracheostomy mechanical ventilation. In both patients, significant improvements function were observed following rounds FMT, leading weaning off Their muscle strength improved, allowing assisted standing mobility. Other notable treatment responses included improved swallowing reduced fasciculations. Metagenomic metabolomic analysis revealed an increase beneficial

Language: Английский

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Comparative analysis of gut microbiota in children with obstructive sleep apnea: assessing the efficacy of 16S rRNA gene sequencing in metabolic function prediction based on weight status

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: June 14, 2024

Background Analyzing bacterial microbiomes consistently using next-generation sequencing (NGS) is challenging due to the diversity of synthetic platforms for 16S rRNA genes and their analytical pipelines. This study compares efficacy full-length (V1–V9 hypervariable regions) partial-length (V3–V4 from human gut microbiomes, with a focus on childhood obesity. Methods In this observational comparative study, we explored differences between these two methods in taxonomic categorization weight status prediction among twelve children obstructive sleep apnea. Results The NGS method by Pacbio ® identified 118 genera 248 species V1–V9 regions, all 0% unclassified rate. contrast, Illumina detected 142 (with 39% rate) 6 99% V3–V4 regions. These approaches showed marked microbiome composition functional predictions. distinguished obese non-obese Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio, known obesity marker ( p = 0.046), whereas was less conclusive 0.075). Additionally, out 73 metabolic pathways through sequencing, 35 (48%) were associated level 1 metabolism, compared 28 61 (46%) method. also highlighted complex associations body mass index z-score, three Bacteroides ovatus , Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Streptococcus parasanguinis ATCC 15912), 17 pathways. Both techniques revealed relationships microbiota OSA-related parameters, offering more comprehensive insights into than technique. Conclusion findings highlight disparities NGS-based assessments, emphasizing value amplicon sequence variant analysis clinical research. They underscore importance considering methodological future meta-analyses.

Language: Английский

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Profiling the diversity of the village chicken faecal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing data to reveal patterns of gut microbiome signatures

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Introduction The production environment of extensively raised village chickens necessitates their adaptability to low-resource systems. gut microbiome plays a critical role in supporting this by influencing health and productivity. This study aimed investigate the diversity functional capacities faecal from Limpopo KwaZulu-Natal provinces South Africa. Methods Using combination 16S rRNA gene sequencing shotgun metagenomic technologies, we analysed 98 72 datasets. Taxonomic profiles annotations were derived, focusing on microbial diversity, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), potential zoonotic pathogens. Results analysis showed that predominant phyla both Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria. At genus level, Escherichia Shigella prevalent, with coli dysenteriae identified as major contributors microbiome. ARGs identified, MarA , PmrF AcrE detected KwaZulu-Natal, cpxA mdtG, TolA Limpopo. These primarily mediate efflux alteration. Discussion detection bacteria such S treptococcus spp. highlights risks humans through food chain, emphasizing importance improved household hygiene practices. underscores chicken adaptability, linking efficiency settings. Targeted interventions further research are crucial for mitigating enhancing sustainability farming.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Macrolide Antibiotics on Gut Microbiota Diversity with Age-Specific implications and Scientific Insights

Medicine in Microecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100122 - 100122

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Metaproteomic assessment of gut microbial and host functional perturbations in Helicobacter pylori -infected patients subjected to an antimicrobial protocol

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Dec. 8, 2023

The impact of therapeutic interventions on the human gut microbiota (GM) is a clinical issue paramount interest given strong interconnection between microbial dynamics and health. Orally administered antibiotics are known to reduce GM biomass modify taxonomic profile. However, antimicrobial therapies functions biochemical pathways has scarcely been studied. Here, we characterized fecal metaproteome 10 Helicobacter pylori-infected patients before (T0) after days (T1) successful quadruple therapy (bismuth, tetracycline, metronidazole, rabeprazole) 30 cessation (T2), investigate how host change during eradication healing processes. At T1, abundance ratio proteins was reversed compared with that at T0 T2. Several pathobionts (including Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterococcus, Muribaculum, Enterocloster) were increased T1. Therapy reshaped relative contributions required produce acetate, propionate, butyrate. Proteins related uptake processing complex glycans increased. Microbial cross-feeding sialic acid, fucose, rhamnose enhanced, whereas hydrogen sulfide production reduced. Finally, involved in antibiotic resistance inflammation more abundant therapy. Moreover, reduction roles H. pylori-mediated carcinogenesis observed. In conclusion, our results support use metaproteomics monitor drug-induced remodeling functions, opening way for investigating new aimed preserving environmental homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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