The climate change mitigation potential of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1023 - 1029

Published: Aug. 24, 2020

Language: Английский

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Review on carbon storage estimation of forest ecosystem and applications in China

Forest Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Nov. 30, 2019

Abstract Background The accuracy in estimating forest ecosystem carbon storage has drawn extensive attention of researchers the field global climate change. However, incomparable data sources and various estimation methods have led to significant differences at large scales. Methods In this study, we reviewed fundamental types their applications China. Results showed that major were classified into 3 categories 15 subcategories focusing on vegetation estimation, soil litter respectively. application China there been development stages research since 1990s. Studies province scales conducted more frequently northeastern, eastern southwestern provinces such as Zhejiang, Heilongjiang Sichuan with high coverage or area. Inventory-based methods, type method, biomass model main used China, vegetation, Total was approximate 28.90 Pg C, average density (42.04 ± 5.39 Mg·ha − 1 ) much lower than whole world (71.60 ). Vegetation from method highest (57.07 through comparing nine applied during 1989 1993. Conclusions Many studies storages carried out patch regional These efforts enabled reach a relatively advanced stage. Meanwhile, accumulation massive provides basis for subsequent work. Some challenges are also existing. This review could provide reference accurate future.

Language: Английский

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Mapping, validating, and interpreting spatio-temporal trends in post-disturbance forest recovery

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 271, P. 112904 - 112904

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

The success and rate of forest regeneration has consequences for sustainable management, climate change mitigation, biodiversity, among others. Systematically monitoring over large often remote areas is challenging. Remotely sensed data associated analytical approaches have demonstrated consistent transparent options spatially-explicit characterization vegetation return following disturbance. Moreover, time series satellite imagery enable the establishment spatially meaningful recovery baselines that can provide a benchmark identifying are either under- or over-performing relative to those baselines. This information allows investigation and/or prioritization requiring some form management intervention, including guiding tree planting initiatives. In this research, we assess stand replacing disturbances 650 Mha forested ecosystems Canada period 1985–2017, wherein ~51 Canada's were impacted by wildfire, ~ 21 harvesting. For quantification recovery, implement Years Recovery Y2R metric using Landsat based on Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) relate number years required pixel 80% its pre-disturbance NBR value. By end analyzed period, 76% wildfire considered spectrally recovered compared 93% harvested areas. On average, found harvest had more rapid spectral (mean = 6.1 years) than 10.6 importantly, varied ecozone, disturbance type, land cover, latitude. We used airborne laser scanning whether pixels attained United Nations Food Agricultural Organization benchmarks canopy height (>5 m) cover (>10%) across four geographic regions representing different types. Overall, 87% 97% sampled in harvests wildfires, respectively, achieved at least one benchmarks, with readily cover. analyzing spatial patterns Y2R, identified significant positive negative clustering their recovery. Approximately 3.5–4% disturbed clustering, indicative slower rates; these also less likely Conversely, 0.94% recovering from 1.93% was ecozonal baseline. Herein, sensing intelligence nature disturbance-recovery dynamics moreover, retrospectively quantify characterize historic trends within past three decades implications restoration initiatives near term.

Language: Английский

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How climate change might affect tree regeneration following fire at northern latitudes: a review

New Forests, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 51(4), P. 543 - 571

Published: Sept. 20, 2019

Abstract Climate change is projected to increase fire severity and frequency in the boreal forest, but it could also directly affect post-fire recruitment processes by impacting seed production, germination, seedling growth survival. We reviewed current knowledge regarding effects of high temperatures water deficits on four major tree species ( Picea mariana, Pinus banksiana, Populus tremuloides Betula papyrifera ) order anticipate climate forest recovery following biome. produced maps future vulnerability combining distributions Canada with projections temperature, moisture index regime for 2041–2070 2071–2100 periods. Although our review reveals that information lacking some regeneration stages, highlights response variability conditions between species. The process black spruce likely be most affected rising deficits, more tolerant are at risk being impacted conditions. Our suggest eastern Canada, will vulnerable mainly increases while forests mostly droughts western Canada. Conifer-dominated becoming less productive than they currently are, eventually, timber supplies from deciduous species-dominated decrease. useful prioritizing areas where monitoring efforts adaptive measures developed.

Language: Английский

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Natural Disturbance-Based Forest Management: Moving Beyond Retention and Continuous-Cover Forestry

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: April 9, 2021

Global forest area is declining rapidly, along with degradation of the ecological condition remaining forests. Hence it necessary to adopt management approaches that can achieve a balance between (1) human designs based on homogenization structure efficiently deliver economic values and (2) naturally emerging self-organized ecosystem dynamics foster heterogeneity, biodiversity, resilience adaptive capacity. Natural disturbance-based suggested provide such an approach. It grounded premise disturbance key process maintaining diversity structures, species functions, evolutionary potential, which functionally link sustainability services supporting well-being. We review development, foundations applications natural management. With emphasis boreal forests, we compare this approach two mainstream sustainable management, retention continuous-cover forestry. Compared these approaches, provides more comprehensive framework, compatible current understanding multiple-scale processes underlie potential ecosystems. conclude ecosystem-based framework for managing forests needs commodity production immaterial values, while health in rapidly changing global environment.

Language: Английский

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Climate targets in European timber-producing countries conflict with goals on forest ecosystem services and biodiversity

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: April 14, 2023

Abstract The European Union (EU) set clear climate change mitigation targets to reach neutrality, accounting for forests and their woody biomass resources. We investigated the consequences of increased harvest demands resulting from EU targets. analysed impacts on national policy objectives forest ecosystem services biodiversity through empirical simulation multi-objective optimization methods. show that key timber-producing countries – Finland, Sweden, Germany (Bavaria) cannot fulfil linked ambitious 1.5°C target. Potentials increase only exists in studied region Norway. However, focusing conflicts with several policies causes adverse effects multiple biodiversity. argue role timber resources achieving societal decarbonization should not be overstated. Our study provides insight other challenged by conflicting supports policymakers.

Language: Английский

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Increasing atmospheric dryness reduces boreal forest tree growth

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 30, 2023

Rising atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) associated with climate change affects boreal forest growth via stomatal closure and soil dryness. However, the relationship between VPD depends on climatic context. Here we assess Canadian responses to changes from 1951-2018 using a well-replicated tree-growth increment network approximately 5,000 species-site combinations. Of 3,559 successful models, observed concurrent summer in one-third of combinations, prior almost half those The previous year current was exclusively negative, while also tended reduce growth. Tree species, age, annual temperature, moisture primarily determined tree responses. Younger trees species like white spruce Douglas fir exhibited higher sensitivity, as did areas high temperature low moisture. Since 1951, increases Canada have paralleled decreases, particularly species. Accelerating dryness decades ahead will impair carbon storage societal-economic services.

Language: Английский

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Challenges for the Sustainable Management of the Boreal Forest Under Climate Change

Advances in global change research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 773 - 837

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract The increasing effects of climate and global change oblige ecosystem-based management to adapt forestry practices deal with uncertainties. Here we provide an overview identify the challenges facing boreal forest under projected future change, including altered natural disturbance regimes, biodiversity loss, increased fragmentation, rapid loss old-growth forests, need develop novel silvicultural approaches. We specifically address subjects previously lacking from framework, e.g., Indigenous communities, social concerns, ecological restoration, impacts on aquatic ecosystems. conclude by providing recommendations for ensuring successful long-term biome change.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing Resilience of Boreal Forests Through Management Under Global Change: a Review

Current Landscape Ecology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 103 - 118

Published: April 19, 2023

Abstract Purpose of Review Boreal forests provide a wide range ecosystem services that are important to society. The boreal biome is experiencing the highest rates warming on planet and increasing demand for forest products. Here, we review how changes in climate its associated extreme events (e.g., windstorms) putting at risk capacity these continue providing services. We further analyze role management increase resilience combined effects change events. Recent Findings Enhancing recently gained lot interest from theoretical perspective. Yet, it remains unclear translate knowledge into practice operationalize maintain functions under changing global conditions. identify summarize main approaches (natural disturbance emulation, landscape functional zoning, complex network, climate-smart forestry) can promote resilience. Summary concept sciences, may put risk, alleviate or such risks. found increased temperatures having negative impacts forests. Then, discuss could enhance multifunctionality (simultaneous provision high levels multiple species habitats). Finally, complementary strengths individual report challenges implement them practice.

Language: Английский

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Projected effects of climate change and forest management on carbon fluxes and biomass of a boreal forest

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 349, P. 109959 - 109959

Published: March 7, 2024

Boreal forests are key to global carbon (C) sequestration and storage. However, the potential impacts of climate change on these could be profound. Nearly 70 % European boreal intensively managed, but our understanding combined effects forest management forest's integral role as a C sink is still limited. In this study, we aim fill gap with simulations process-based dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS. We evaluated four options under two different scenarios (RCP 4.5 RCP 8.5), at southern stand in Sweden. These were compared against baseline without clear-cut or interventions. found that projected increase temperatures (+2 +4 °C) during latter part 21st century will reduce net strength, particularly unmanaged forest. The standing biomass for reforestations was 57–67 lower 2100 than old 2022. study also revealed replanted pine may surpass 200-years far future (2076–2100). did not detect statistically significant differences overall exchange between subsequent reforestation baseline, even though specific strategies, such plantations, enhanced by 7–20 relative 2022–2100. findings underscore profound influence budget, surpassing alone. By adopting pertinent uptake augmented, concurrently improved productivity, resulting favourable outcomes critical storage amidst changing climate.

Language: Английский

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