Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes: captivity changes the gut microbiota composition and diversity in a social subterranean rodent

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Feb. 10, 2023

Abstract Background In mammals, the gut microbiota has important effects on health of their hosts. Recent research highlights that animal populations live in captivity often differ diversity and composition from wild populations. However, changes may occur when animals move to remain difficult predict factors generating such differences are poorly understood. Here we compare bacterial captive Damaraland mole-rats ( Fukomys damarensis ) originating a population southern Kalahari Desert characterise one generation next long-lived, social rodent species. Results We found clear divergence mole-rats. Although dominating higher-rank taxa were same two groups, had an increased ratio relative abundance Firmicutes Bacteroidetes compared animals. The Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) strongly associated with commonly members families as those Captive much higher ASV richness wild-caught animals, explained by within Firmicutes. Conclusion hosts differs substantially largest between groups shifts abundances Bacteroidetes.

Language: Английский

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Early-life environmental effects on birds: epigenetics and microbiome as mechanisms underlying long-lasting phenotypic changes

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 227(Suppl_1)

Published: March 7, 2024

ABSTRACT Although the long-lasting effects of variation in early-life environment have been well documented across organisms, underlying causal mechanisms are only recently starting to be unraveled. Yet understanding can help us predict how organisms will respond changing environments. Birds offer a great system which study developmental plasticity and its owing production large external eggs trajectories, combined with long tradition applied, physiological, ecological evolutionary research. Epigenetic changes (such as DNA methylation) suggested key mechanism mediating taxa. More recently, gut microbiome identified another potential mediator plasticity. As first step whether these contribute birds, this Review summarizes (both prenatal postnatal) influence epigenetic markers microbiome. The literature shows both biotic resources social environment) abiotic (thermal various anthropogenic stressors) factors modify yet data concerning many other environmental limited. links modifications lasting phenotypic still scarce, but hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis one putative pathway. This identifies several knowledge gaps, including on long-term effects, stability molecular changes, lack diversity systems studied, provides directions for future

Language: Английский

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Sociability in a non-captive macaque population is associated with beneficial gut bacteria

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

The relationship between social behaviour and the microbiome is known to be reciprocal. Research in wild animal populations, particularly primate groups, has revealed role that interactions play microbial transmission, whilst studies laboratory animals have demonstrated gut can affect multiple aspects of behaviour, including behaviour. Here we explore behavioural variation a non-captive population with respect abundance specific bacterial genera. Social based on grooming assessed rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), combined data. We focus our analyses genera previously linked sociability autistic behaviours rodents humans. show this macaque some these are also related an individual's propensity engage interactions. Interestingly, find several positively sociability, such as Faecalibacterium, well for their beneficial effects health anti-inflammatory properties. In contrast, genus Streptococcus, which includes pathogenic species, more abundant less sociable macaques. Our results indicate microorganisms whose varies individual functional links host immune status. Overall, findings highlight connections composition, population.

Language: Английский

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Early-life factors shaping the gut microbiota of Common buzzard nestlings

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Background Exploring the dynamics of gut microbiome colonisation during early-life stages is important for understanding potential impact microbes on host development and fitness. Evidence from model organisms suggests a crucial phase when shifts in microbiota can lead to immune dysregulation reduced condition. However, our long-lived vertebrates, especially early development, remains limited. We therefore used wild population common buzzard nestlings ( Buteo buteo ) investigate connections between colonisation, environmental factors. Results targeted both bacterial eukaryotic using 16S 28S rRNA genes. sampled individuals developmental longitudinal design. Our data revealed that age significantly affected microbial diversity composition. Nest environment was notable predictor composition, with particularly communities differing habitats occupied by hosts. Nestling condition infection blood parasite Leucocytozoon predicted community Conclusion findings emphasise importance studying capture changes occurring ontogeny. They highlight role reflecting health nest developing nestling microbiome. Overall, this study contributes complex interplay communities, factors, variables, sheds light ecological processes governing stages.

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal gut microbiome dynamics in relation to age and senescence in a wild animal population

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(16)

Published: July 16, 2024

Abstract In humans, gut microbiome (GM) differences are often correlated with, and sometimes causally implicated in, ageing. However, it is unclear how these findings translate in wild animal populations. Studies that investigate GM dynamics change within individuals, with declines physiological condition, needed to fully understand links between chronological age, senescence the GM, but have rarely been done. Here, we use longitudinal data collected from a closed population of Seychelles warblers ( Acrocephalus sechellensis ) bacterial alpha diversity, composition stability associated host senescence. We hypothesised diversity will differ, become more variable, older adults, particularly terminal year prior death, as becomes increasingly dysregulated due remained largely invariable respect adult age did not differ an individual's year. Furthermore, there was no evidence became heterogenous senescent groups (individuals than 6 years), or Instead, environmental variables such season, territory quality time day, were strongest predictors variation warblers. These results contrast studies on captive populations some (but all) non‐human primates, suggesting deterioration may be universal hallmark species. Further work disentangle factors driving GM‐senescence relationships across different taxa.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota individuality is contingent on temporal scale and age in wild meerkats

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 289(1981)

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Inter-individual differences in gut microbiota composition are hypothesized to generate variation host fitness-a premise for the evolution of host-gut microbe symbioses. However, recent evidence suggests that microbial communities highly dynamic, challenging notion individuals harbour unique phenotypes. Leveraging a long-term dataset wild meerkats, we reconcile these concepts by demonstrating relative importance identity shaping phenotypes depends on temporal scale. Across meerkat lifespan, year-to-year overshadowed effects and social group predicting composition, with explaining average less than 2% variation. was strongest predictor over short sampling intervals (less two months), 20% The effect also dependent age, becoming more individualized stable as meerkats aged. Nevertheless, while predictive power negligible after months, remained weakly compared other up 1 year. These findings illuminate degree which signatures can be expected, important implications time frames may mediate physiology, behaviour fitness natural populations.

Language: Английский

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Aging gut microbiota of wild macaques are equally diverse, less stable, but progressively personalized

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 19, 2022

Abstract Background Pronounced heterogeneity of age trajectories has been identified as a hallmark the gut microbiota in humans and explained by marked changes lifestyle health condition. Comparatively, age-related personalization is understudied natural systems limiting our comprehension patterns observed from ecological evolutionary perspectives. Results Here, we tested diversity, stability, composition bacterial community using 16S rRNA gene sequencing with dense repeated sampling over three seasons cross-sectional sample adult female Assamese macaques ( Macaca assamensis ) living their forest habitat. Gut exhibited personal signature which became less stable individuals aged. This lack stability was not differences diversity but rather linked to an increase relative abundance rare taxa. The core taxa or convergence common state hampered predicting aged individuals. On contrary, found increasing age, indicating that older increasingly divergent rest population. Reduced direct transmission bacteria resulting decreasing social activity may contribute to, be sufficient explain, age. Conclusions Together, results challenge assumption constant through life wild primate. Within limits this study, fact aging restricted suggests underlying process evolved instead provoked only modern care for elderly.

Language: Английский

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Temporal Variations in the Gut Microbiota of the Globally Endangered Sichuan Partridge (Arborophila rufipectus): Implications for Adaptation to Seasonal Dietary Change and Conservation

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89(6)

Published: June 5, 2023

Host-associated microbiotas are known to influence host health by aiding digestion, metabolism, nutrition, physiology, immune function, and pathogen resistance. Although an increasing number of studies have investigated the avian microbiome, there is a lack research on gut wild birds, especially endangered pheasants. Owing difficulty characterizing dynamics dietary composition, in omnivores, how birds respond seasonal changes remains poorly understood. The Sichuan partridge (

Language: Английский

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Are there consistent effects of gut microbiota composition on performance, productivity and condition in poultry?

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(6), P. 103752 - 103752

Published: April 10, 2024

Microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has been identified as one crucial factors influencing health and condition domestic animals. The global poultry industry faces challenge understanding complex relationship between gut microbiota composition performance-related traits in birds. Considerable variation exists results correlational studies using either 16S rRNA profiling or metagenomics to identify bacterial taxa associated with performance, productivity, (e.g., body weight, growth rate, feeding efficiency, egg yield). In this review, we survey existing reports, discuss research approaches, consistently linked improved deteriorated performance across individual poultry-focused studies. Our revealed high methodological heterogeneity, which was contrast vastly uniform focus mainly on chicken (Gallus gallus) a model. We also show that most frequently used manipulative experiments commercial probiotics intended for use species Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium) do not overlap bacteria correlated their (Candidatus Arthromitus, Methanobrevibacter). conclusions urge increased standardization veterinary field. highlight need bridge gap experimental applications animal science. To better understand causality observed relationships, future should involve broader range host includes both agricultural wild models, well age groups.

Language: Английский

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Metagenomic analyses of gut microbiome composition and function with age in a wild bird; little change, except increased transposase gene abundance

ISME Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Studies on wild animals, mostly undertaken using 16S metabarcoding, have yielded ambiguous evidence regarding changes in the gut microbiome (GM) with age and senescence. Furthermore, variation GM function has rarely been studied such populations, despite metabolic characteristics potentially being associated host senescent declines. Here, we used 7 years of repeated sampling individuals shotgun metagenomic sequencing to investigate taxonomic functional Seychelles warblers (Acrocephalus sechellensis) age. Our results suggest that species richness declines terminal year, this decline occurring consistently across all ages. Taxonomic composition also shifted However, identified occurred linearly (or even mainly during early prior onset senescence species) little accelerated change later life or their year. Therefore, are not linked Interestingly, found a significant increase abundance group transposase genes age, which may accumulate passively due increased transposition induced as result stressors arise These findings reveal but senescence, vertebrate provide blueprint for future studies

Language: Английский

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