Risk assessment of microplastic particles

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 138 - 152

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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A review on microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment: Their occurrence, exposure routes, toxic studies, and potential effects on human health

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 181, P. 113832 - 113832

Published: June 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in the Environment: Intake through the Food Web, Human Exposure and Toxicological Effects

Toxics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(9), P. 224 - 224

Published: Sept. 16, 2021

Recently, studies on microplastics (MPs) have increased rapidly due to the growing awareness of potential health risks related their occurrence. The first part this review is devoted MP occurrence, distribution, and quantification. MPs can be transferred from environment humans mainly through inhalation, secondly ingestion, and, a lesser extent, dermal contact. As regards food web contamination, we discuss microplastic presence not only in most investigated sources, such as seafood, drinking water, salts, but also other foods honey, sugar, milk, fruit, meat (chickens, cows, pigs). All literature data suggest not-negligible human exposure above-mentioned routes. Consequently, several research efforts been assessing risks. Initially, toxicological were conducted with aquatic organisms then experimental mammal animal models cell cultures. In latter case, effects observed at high concentrations (polystyrene common benchmark) for short time. Further must performed assess real consequences contamination low prolonged exposure.

Language: Английский

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First Evidence of Microplastics in Human Urine, a Preliminary Study of Intake in the Human Body

Toxics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 40 - 40

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) and their health effects is a recent scientific topic. However, the investigation MPs in human/biological matrices has several limitations due to analytical methods sample treatment protocols. In this study, urine samples six volunteers from different cities south Italy (three men three women) was investigated by Raman microspectroscopy. analysis pinpointed four pigmented microplastic fragments (4-15 μm size), with irregular shapes, which were characterized terms morphology chemical composition. Polyethylene vinyl acetate (PVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) found (PVA PVC one female PP PE male samples). This preliminary study suggests that could pass through gastrointestinal tract are eliminated biological processes.

Language: Английский

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Occurrence, human exposure, and risk of microplastics in the indoor environment

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 17 - 31

Published: Nov. 24, 2021

Pathways of human exposure to MPs and associated risks.

Language: Английский

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Nano- and microplastics: a comprehensive review on their exposure routes, translocation, and fate in humans

NanoImpact, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29, P. 100441 - 100441

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Contamination of the environment with nano-and microplastic particles (NMPs) and its putative adverse effects on organisms, ecosystems, human health is gaining increasing scientific public attention. Various studies show that NMPs occur abundantly within environment, leading to a high likelihood exposure NMPs. Here, different scenarios can occur. The most notable routes into body are via airways gastrointestinal tract (GIT) through inhalation or ingestion, but also skin due use personal care products (PCPs) containing Once have entered body, it possible they translocated from exposed organ other compartments. In our review article, we combine current knowledge (1) humans basic understanding potential (2) translocation mechanisms tissues and, consequently, their (3) fate body. Regarding routes, reviewed occurrence in food, beverages, air (focusing indoors workplaces) found suggest an abundant presence MPs scenarios. overall abundance matrices relevant highlights importance whether for tissue translocation. Therefore, describe pathways skin, GIT respiratory systems particular attention was paid how likely translocate primary organs secondary naturally occurring defence against Based understanding, conclude dermal rather unlikely. contrast, small NPs generally system tissues. Thus, existing literature contamination mechanisms, critically discuss size detected reported studies. some cases, samples exceed particle overcome biological barriers allowing emphasize reading discussing presented results NMP samples.

Language: Английский

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A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 130(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. Yet the health effects of exposure to nano- microplastics (NMPs) remain largely uninvestigated or unknown. Although plastic chemicals a well-established research topic, impacts particles unexplored, especially with regard early life exposures.This commentary aims summarize knowns unknowns around child- pregnancy-relevant exposures NMPs via inhalation, placental transfer, ingestion breastmilk, dermal absorption.A comprehensive literature search map state science on found 37 primary articles relevance during revealed major knowledge gaps in field. We discuss opportunities challenges quantifying child-specific (e.g., breastmilk infant formula) effects, light global inequalities baby bottle use, consumption packaged foods, air pollution, hazardous disposal, regulatory safeguards. also needs linking child NMP address context public action.Few studies have addressed sources exposure, estimates currently rely generic assumptions rather than empirical measurements. Furthermore, toxicological has not specifically focused health, yet children's immature defense mechanisms make them particularly vulnerable. Apart from few investigating transfer NMPs, physicochemical properties polymer, size, shape, charge) driving absorption, biodistribution, elimination be benchmarked. Accordingly, evidence base regarding potential remains sparse. Based date, we provide recommendations fill gaps, stimulate policymakers industry safety point families reduce plastic. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9086.

Language: Английский

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Abundance and composition of microplastics in Tampico beach sediments, Tamaulipas State, southern Gulf of Mexico

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 114891 - 114891

Published: April 7, 2023

Language: Английский

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Microplastic pollution in groundwater: a systematic review

Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Groundwater, a crucial freshwater source faces increasing pollution from microplastics (MPs). This study aims to comprehensively review the aquifers, sampling and analysis methods, levels, polymer types, sizes of MPs in groundwater worldwide between 2017 2023. Very few reports exist on abundance, type, size, other characteristics field. The tools, sample collection quantities used for field varied considerably among studies. However, efforts enhance our understanding MP results through level measurements, on-site water quality parameters, ion analysis, blanks have been limited. mostly indicated higher concentrations urban industrial areas landfill sites, whereas lower were observed with minimal human influence. are predominantly polypropylene polyethylene. Standardized methods needed further promote research facilitate cross-comparisons.

Language: Английский

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Interactions Between Microplastic and Heavy Metals in the Aquatic Environment: Implications for Toxicity and Mitigation Strategies

Water Air & Soil Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 235(9)

Published: July 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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