Myostatin: a potential therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome DOI Creative Commons
Ming Yang, Chongbin Liu, Na Jiang

et al.

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: May 23, 2023

Metabolic syndrome is a complex metabolic disorder, its main clinical manifestations are obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Although has been the focus of research in recent decades, it proposed that occurrence development related to pathophysiological processes such as insulin resistance, adipose tissue dysfunction chronic inflammation, but there still lack favorable prevention treatment measures for syndrome. Multiple studies have shown myostatin (MSTN), member TGF-β family, involved hyperlipidemia, diabetes, (clinical syndrome), thus may be potential therapeutic target In this review, we describe transcriptional regulation receptor binding pathway MSTN, then introduce role MSTN regulating mitochondrial function autophagy, review progress Finally summarize some inhibitors under trial use inhibitor

Language: Английский

Cancer cachexia: molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies DOI Creative Commons
Tania Setiawan, Ita Novita Sari, Yoseph Toni Wijaya

et al.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Muscle wasting is a consequence of physiological changes or pathology characterized by increased catabolic activity that leads to progressive loss skeletal muscle mass and strength. Numerous diseases, including cancer, organ failure, infection, aging-associated are associated with wasting. Cancer cachexia multifactorial syndrome mass, without the fat resulting in functional impairment reduced quality life. It caused upregulation systemic inflammation stimuli, leading inhibition protein synthesis enhancement catabolism. Here, we summarize complex molecular networks regulate function. Moreover, describe multi-organ roles cancer cachexia. Although one main causes cancer-related deaths, there still no approved drugs for Thus, compiled recent ongoing pre-clinical clinical trials further discussed potential therapeutic approaches

Language: Английский

Citations

101
Regression of cardiac hypertrophy in health and disease: mechanisms and therapeutic potential DOI
Thomas G. Martin, Miranda A. Juarros, Leslie A. Leinwand

et al.

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 347 - 363

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

77
Changes in lean body mass with glucagon‐like peptide‐1‐based therapies and mitigation strategies DOI Creative Commons
Ian J. Neeland, Jennifer Linge, Andreas L. Birkenfeld

et al.

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(S4), P. 16 - 27

Published: June 27, 2024

Abstract Weight loss induced by glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and dual (GLP‐1R)/glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide is coming closer to the magnitudes achieved with surgery. However, greater weight there concern about potential side effects on muscle quantity (mass), health function. There heterogeneity in reported of GLP‐1‐based therapies lean mass changes clinical trials: some studies, reductions range between 40% 60% as a proportion total lost, while other studies show approximately 15% or less lost. are several reasons underlying this heterogeneity, including population, drug‐specific/molecular, comorbidity effects. Furthermore, may not always reflect former measure includes only but also organs, bone, fluids, water fat tissue. Based contemporary evidence addition magnetic resonance imaging‐based skeletal GLP‐1RA treatments appear be adaptive: volume seem commensurate what expected given ageing, disease status, achieved, improvement insulin sensitivity infiltration likely contributes an adaptive process improved quality, lowering probability for strength Nevertheless, factors such older age severity influence selection appropriate candidates these due risk sarcopenia. To further improve during loss, pharmacological maintain designed combination under development. Future research should focus more accurate meaningful assessments mass, composition, well function, mobility strength, better define their impact substantial number patients who will taking medications into future.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Strategies for minimizing muscle loss during use of incretin‐mimetic drugs for treatment of obesity DOI Creative Commons
Jeffrey I. Mechanick, W. Scott Butsch, Sandra M. Christensen

et al.

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Summary The rapid and widespread clinical adoption of highly effective incretin‐mimetic drugs (IMDs), particularly semaglutide tirzepatide, for the treatment obesity has outpaced updating practice guidelines. Consequently, many patients may be at risk adverse effects uncertain long‐term outcomes related to use these drugs. Of emerging concern is loss skeletal muscle mass function that can accompany substantial weight reduction; such losses lead reduced functional metabolic health, cycling, compromised quality life, other outcomes. Available evidence suggests trial participants receiving IMDs lost 10% or more their during 68‐ 72‐week interventions, approximately equivalent 20 years age‐related loss. ability maintain caloric restriction‐induced reduction influenced by two key factors: nutrition physical exercise. Nutrition therapy should ensure adequate intake absorption high‐quality protein micronutrients, which require oral nutritional supplements. Additionally, concurrent activity, especially resistance training, been shown effectively minimize therapy. All participate in comprehensive programs emphasizing micronutrient intakes, as well preserve function, maximize benefit IMD therapy, potential risks.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Myostatin: A Skeletal Muscle Chalone DOI Creative Commons
Se‐Jin Lee

Annual Review of Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 85(1), P. 269 - 291

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

Myostatin (GDF-8) was discovered 25 years ago as a new transforming growth factor-β family member that acts master regulator of skeletal muscle mass. is made by myofibers, circulates in the blood, and back on myofibers to limit growth. appears have all salient properties chalone, which term proposed over half century describe hypothetical circulating, tissue-specific inhibitors control tissue size. The elucidation molecular, cellular, physiological mechanisms underlying myostatin activity suggests functions negative feedback mass raises question whether this type chalone mechanism unique or it also operates other tissues.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Emerging signaling mediators in the anorexia–cachexia syndrome of cancer DOI Creative Commons
Erin E. Talbert, Denis C. Guttridge

Trends in cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 397 - 403

Published: Feb. 18, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

44
Cell-based meat: The molecular aspect DOI Creative Commons
Asim Azhar, Md. Zeyaullah,

Shushruta Bhunia

et al.

Frontiers in Food Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: March 30, 2023

Cellular agriculture is one of the evolving fields translational biotechnology. The emerging science aims to improve issues related sustainable food products and security, reduce greenhouse gas emissions provide animal wellbeing by circumventing livestock farming through cell-based meat (CBM) production. CBM exploits cell culture techniques biomanufacturing methods manipulating mammalian, avian, fish lines. ought successfully meet demand for nutritional protein human consumption pet animals. However, substantial advancement modification are required manufacturing in terms cost, palatability, consumer acceptance, safety. In order achieve high-quality its production with high yield, molecular aspect needs a thorough inspection good laboratory practices commercial current review discusses various aspects biology involved establishing lines, myogenesis, regulation, scaffold, bioreactor-related approaches target CBM.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Muscle Mass and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: Adaptive or Maladaptive Response to Weight Loss? DOI
Jennifer Linge, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Ian J. Neeland

et al.

Circulation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 150(16), P. 1288 - 1298

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Recent studies have shown that pharmacologic weight loss with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and combination therapies is approaching magnitudes achieved surgery. However, as more achieved, there concern for potential adverse effects on muscle quantity, composition, function. This primer aims to address whether muscle-related changes associated treatments such GLP-1 RAs may be maladaptive (ie, adversely affecting health or function), adaptive a physiologic response maintaining minimally perhaps an enhanced improved function after treatment). Based contemporary evidence the addition of using magnetic resonance imaging, skeletal RA appear adaptive: in volume z-score indicate change commensurate what expected given aging, disease status, improvement insulin sensitivity fat infiltration likely contributes process quality, lowering probability strength Nevertheless, factors older age prefrailty influence selection appropriate candidates these because risk sarcopenia. Several maintain improve mass designed GLP-1–based are under development. For future development (and other therapies) loss, well patient-centered treatment optimization, introduction objective comprehensive ways assessing (including accurate meaningful assessments function, mobility, strength) important substantial numbers patients who will taking medications into future.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
The Current Landscape of Pharmacotherapies for Sarcopenia DOI
Gülistan Bahat, Serdar Özkök

Drugs & Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(2), P. 83 - 112

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Anti-Inflammatory Role of the Klotho Protein and Relevance to Aging DOI Creative Commons
Gérald J. Prud’homme, Qinghua Wang

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(17), P. 1413 - 1413

Published: Aug. 24, 2024

The α-Klotho protein (hereafter Klotho) is an obligate coreceptor for fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). It produced in the kidneys, brain and other sites. Klotho insufficiency causes hyperphosphatemia anomalies. Importantly, it associated with chronic pathologies (often age-related) that have inflammatory component. This includes atherosclerosis, diabetes Alzheimer's disease. Its mode of action these diseases not well understood, but inhibits or regulates multiple major pathways. has a membrane form soluble (s-Klotho). Cytosolic postulated characterized. s-Klotho endocrine properties are incompletely elucidated. binds to FGF receptor 1c (FGFR1c) widely expressed (including endothelial cells). also attaches FGF23, FGF23/Klotho FGFRs. Thus, might be roaming FGF23 coreceptor, functions. Notably, (cell-bound soluble) counteracts inflammation appears mitigate related aging (inflammaging). NF-κB NLRP3 inflammasome. inflammasome requires priming by produces active IL-1β, pores cell death (pyroptosis). In accord, countered injury induced toxins, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS). blocks TGF-β Wnt ligands, which lessens fibrotic Low loss muscle mass (sarcopenia), as occurs diseases. counters inhibitory effects myostatin on muscle, reduces inflammation, improves repair following injury. inhibition factors may protective diabetic retinopathy age-related macular degeneration (AMD). review examines functions especially potential applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

10