Physiology and pharmacology of melatonin in relation to biological rhythms

Pharmacological Reports, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 61(3), P. 383 - 410

Published: May 1, 2009

Language: Английский

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Recommendations for daytime, evening, and nighttime indoor light exposure to best support physiology, sleep, and wakefulness in healthy adults

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e3001571 - e3001571

Published: March 17, 2022

Ocular light exposure has important influences on human health and well-being through modulation of circadian rhythms sleep, as well neuroendocrine cognitive functions. Prevailing patterns do not optimally engage these actions for many individuals, but advances in our understanding the underpinning mechanisms emerging lighting technologies now present opportunities to adjust promote optimal physical mental performance. A newly developed, international standard provides a SI-compliant way quantifying influence intrinsically photosensitive, melanopsin-expressing, retinal neurons that mediate effects. The report recommendations lighting, based an expert scientific consensus expressed easily measured quantity (melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (melaponic EDI)) defined within this standard. are supported by detailed analysis sensitivity circadian, neuroendocrine, alerting responses ocular provide straightforward framework inform design practice.

Language: Английский

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Breast cancer and circadian disruption from electric lighting in the modern world

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 64(3), P. 207 - 218

Published: Dec. 24, 2013

Abstract Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide, and there only a limited explanation why. Risk highest in most industrialized countries but also rising rapidly developing world. Known risk factors account for portion incidence high‐risk populations, has been considerable speculation many false leads on other possibly major determinants risk, such as dietary fat. A hallmark industrialization increasing use electricity to light night, both within home without. It recently become clear that this evolutionarily new and, thereby, unnatural exposure can disrupt human circadian rhythmicity, which three salient features are melatonin production, sleep, clock. convergence research cells, rodents, humans suggests health consequences disruption may be substantial. An innovative experimental model shown at night markedly increases growth breast xenografts rats. In humans, theory specific predictions being tested epidemiologically: evidence accumulated shift workers, blind women, impact sleep duration risk. If electric does explain burden, then practical interventions implemented, including more selective adoption recent advances lighting technology application. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64:207–218. © 2013 American Society.

Language: Английский

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Functional neuroanatomy of the central noradrenergic system

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 27(8), P. 659 - 693

Published: June 12, 2013

The central noradrenergic neurone, like the peripheral sympathetic is characterized by a diffusely arborizing terminal axonal network. neurones aggregate in distinct brainstem nuclei, of which locus coeruleus (LC) most prominent. LC project widely to areas neuraxis, where they mediate dual effects: neuronal excitation α 1 -adrenoceptors and inhibition 2 -adrenoceptors. plays an important role physiological regulatory networks. In sleep/arousal network promotes wakefulness, via excitatory projections cerebral cortex other wakefulness-promoting inhibitory sleep-promoting nuclei. LC, together with pontine modulates autonomic functions preganglionic sympathetic, parasympathetic neurones. also acute effects light on (‘photomodulation‘): stimulation arousal activity opposes mediated ventrolateral preoptic nucleus paraventricular activity. Photostimulation may enable diurnal animals function during daytime. degenerate early progressively Parkinson‘s disease Alzheimer‘s disease, leading cognitive impairment, depression sleep disturbance.

Language: Английский

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Color and psychological functioning: a review of theoretical and empirical work

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: April 2, 2015

In the past decade there has been increased interest in research on color and psychological functioning. Important advances have made theoretical work empirical work, but are also important weaknesses both areas that must be addressed for literature to continue develop apace. this article, I provide brief overviews of area, each instance beginning with a historical background recent advancements, proceeding an evaluation focused guidelines future research. conclude by reiterating functioning is at nascent stage development, recommending patience prudence regarding conclusions about theory, findings, real-world application.

Language: Английский

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