Closed genomes of commercial inoculant rhizobia provide a blueprint for management of legume inoculation

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

ABSTRACT Rhizobia are soil bacteria capable of establishing symbiosis within legume root nodules, where they reduce atmospheric N 2 into ammonia and supply it to the plant for growth. Australian soils often lack rhizobia compatible with introduced agricultural legumes, so inoculation exotic strains has become a common practice over 50 years. While extensive research assessed -fixing capabilities these inoculants, their genomics, taxonomy, core accessory gene phylogeny poorly characterized. Furthermore, in some cases, inoculant have been developed from isolations made Australia. It is unknown whether represent naturalized organisms, native capacity nodulate or recombinant arising horizontal transfer between bacteria. Here, we describe complete, closed genome sequences 42 commercial rhizobia. These span genera, Bradyrhizobium , Mesorhizobium Methylobacterium Rhizobium Sinorhizobium only 23 were identified species level. Within strain genomes, replicon structure location genes consistent those model each genus, except sp. SRDI969, chromosomally encoded. Genomic analysis isolated Australia showed related strains, suggesting that may colonized following undocumented introductions. provide basis accurate identification manage identify prevalence impact (HGT) on productivity. IMPORTANCE Inoculation cultivated legumes integral agriculture lacking The program supplies phenotypically characterized high-performing farmers but most little known about genomes Horizontal non-symbiotic frequently occurs can long-term stability efficacy inoculation. present reference-quality rhizobial inoculants. We verify classify genetics, architecture, taxonomy organisms. Importantly, will facilitate monitoring inoculants as well enable detection rhizobia, thus ensuring integrity Australia’s program.

Language: Английский

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A Klebsiella-phage cocktail to broaden the host range and delay bacteriophage resistance both in vitro and in vivo

npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Bacteriophages (phages), viruses capable of infecting and lysing bacteria, are a promising alternative for treating infections from hypervirulent, antibiotic-resistant pathogens like Klebsiella pneumoniae, though narrow host range phage resistance remain challenges. In this study, the hypervirulent K. pneumoniae NTUH-K2044 was used to purify ΦK2044, while two ΦK2044-resistant strains were further phages: ΦKR1, ΦKR8 hospital sewage. A detailed characterization showed that ΦK2044 specifically killed KL1 capsule-type ΦKR1 targeted 13 different capsular serotypes. The cocktail (ΦK2044 + ΦKR8) effectively in biofilms, pre-treatment biofilm formation, delayed phage-resistance. improved 7-day survival Galleria mellonella mouse models therapeutic potential catheter model. summary, proof-of-principle has broad range, including highly drug-resistant serves as starting point optimizing therapy.

Language: Английский

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Eukaryotic genomic data uncover an extensive host range of mirusviruses

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(12), P. 2633 - 2643.e3

Published: May 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Characterization and anti-biofilm potentiality of an isolated novel Aeromonas hydrophila-infecting bacteriophage AHPMCC11, belonging to the genus Ahphunavirus

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107344 - 107344

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Revealing the hidden diversity of Chlorella heliozoae-infecting giant viruses

npj Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

A new level of viral complexity has emerged from the isolation green algae-infecting chloroviruses diverse aquatic environments around world over past few decades. This study focuses on describing and comparing genomic features gammachloroviruses, previously referred to as SAG-viruses. We present 24 novel isolates capable forming plaques lawns Chlorella heliozoae SAG 3.83, including first giant virus isolated Greenland. Together with 13 previous isolates, these viruses form a robust dataset that we used investigate landscape test whether environmental conditions influence species diversity gammachloroviruses. Genome sizes range 283 kbp 385 kbp, one isolate having smallest genome found in genus Chlorovirus. Based phylogenomics global identity analysis, defined 10 "Gammachlorovirus", half which are represented by single isolate. observed high synteny, tRNA islets maintain distinct interspecific pattern, although some notable variations evident. Our analysis reveals an open pan-genome composed 681 COGs, more than 30% consist uncharacterized genes, highlighting significant innovative genetic potential for viruses. results suggest subgenus "Gammachlorovirus" exhibits greatest among chloroviruses, variability is independent geographic location. Overall, findings underscore considerable within ten newly importance isolating characterizing locations worldwide enhance our understanding ecology evolution this group algal

Language: Английский

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Characterization, genomic analysis and preclinical evaluation of the lytic Staphylococcus bacteriophage PSK against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus wound isolate

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Abstract Background The dissemination of multi-drug-resistant bacteria, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), necessitates exploring new alternatives for their control. Bacteriophages are promising antibiotic with unique features. Here, we have performed a comprehensive characterization newly isolated bacteriophage (PSK) and compared its therapeutic potential vancomycin in vivo. Methods Sewage samples were processed enriched the MRSA S. SK1 strain search isolation lytic bacteriophage. was assessed vitro terms thermal pH stability kinetic parameters using absorption one step growth curve assays. Moreover, antibacterial activity evaluated against lone combination standard care antibiotics used treatment wound infections. We further analyzed genome to exclude presence any toxin or resistance genes. Finally, capability alleviate infection murine wound-infection model. Results as species genus Rosenblumvirus size 17,571 bp that is free from virulence PSK displays infectivity 4/10 strains including two vancomycin-resistant strains. it demonstrates favorable kinetics fast adsorption latent period burst 20 min 123 PFU/infected cell, respectively. Stability analysis revealed up 60 °C wide range (4–11). In vitro, kills multiplicity (MOI) low 10 − 4 an overall mutation frequency 2.47 × 6 CFU/mL improved when combined 0.25× MIC oxacillin, fusidic acid vancomycin. vivo, single dose model exhibited comparable performance four doses vancomycin, started 2 h post-infection. However, applied days post-infection, superior (up 4.58 log unit count reduction) enhances closure tissue healing. Conclusion These findings represent alternative effective treating - induced

Language: Английский

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Genetic Diversity and Anatoxin Profiles of Freshwater Benthic Cyanobacteria From Nova Scotia (Canada)

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(3)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Some mat-forming cyanobacteria produce harmful cyanotoxins, yet benthic species remain understudied compared to planktonic counterparts. This study assesses the diversity, distribution and toxin production of across lentic lotic systems in Nova Scotia, Canada. We documented greater cyanobacterial richness environments, with six dominant distributed into two major Microcoleus clades, five which represent putative novel taxa. Two genetic repertoire anatoxins were prevalent. One has been previously reported Canada, while second represents a found exclusively an environment impacted by discharge from water treatment plant. observed variability gene clusters responsible for biosynthesis anatoxin-a associated analogues (ATXs), including discovery anaG variant ~ 1.7 kb insertion strain dominating homoanatoxin-producing mats. extended anaG, encoding polyketide synthase additional methyltransferase domain, coexists shorter variants, leading mixture ATXs. These findings highlight diversity freshwater as primary contributor ATXs both systems, underscoring their potential toxins.

Language: Английский

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Isolation and characterization of fMGyn-Pae01, a phiKZ-like jumbo phage infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Virology Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Genomic characterization of the novel bacteriophage PfAn1 from Lake Baikal against Pseudomonas fluorescens

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

We isolated a novel bacteriophage from Lake Baikal. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that phage PfAn1 has head with diameter of 50 nm and short tail. Its genome is 39,156 bp in length GC content 57%. It predicted to contain 53 open reading frames (ORFs). The results evolutionary analysis suggest should be considered new member the class Caudoviricetes.

Language: Английский

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of giant viruses within a deep freshwater lake reveal a distinct dark-water community

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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