Direct generation of 1O2 in living tissues for the treatment of brain diseases

Medical Gas Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 208 - 209

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Molecular oxygen (О2) is the molecule that has created world at many levels, from atmosphere to living entities. During evolution of organisms, them "learned" use О2 for further oxidation obtain much more energy. It therefore not surprising when organisms incorporate into their metabolic system, its reduced chemical forms, known as reactive species (ROS), assumesimportant regulatory and signaling roles. Currently, oxidation–reduction reactions are central maintaining life. Singlet (1О2) one ROS. For over 20 years, 1O2, in spotlight because crucial role mechanisms photodynamic therapy different types cancer, including brain oncology. Classically, based on photosensitizers excited by light generate a sufficient amount 1О2 photo-therapeutic effects. Since specifically accumulate cancer cells, this provides high concentrations local tumor area causing cytotoxic effects leading cell apoptosis with subsequent suppression growth. However, it turned out can be generated directly tissues certain wavelengths, 1270 nm 1064 nm.1-3 The first works direction, began late 1990s continued develop course were focused exclusively cellular studies effectiveness direct generation cells purpose killing them.1,2 This was largely due limited targets whose functions could modulated using body, where concentration obviously lesser than isolated vitro experiments. significant scattering radiation energy passing through skin, especially skull. Indeed, scalp, skull, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), only 35% all supplied reaches surface brain. In sense, there doubts scientific community would find wide clinical applications. Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) physiological of1О2: recently rediscovered MLVs have changed situation opened up innovative promising prospects application photo-technologies meninges.4-10 transparent network located dura mater along large venous sinuses. These mystical history. described Italian anatomist Paulo Mascagni two centuries ago. But, no else them, despite fact left detailed description anatomy even wax figures human meningeal network, which still kept Museum Anatomy Vienna. centuries, dogma prevailed does or immune system. 2015 owing advances neuroimaging.11 discovery new niche treatment diseases, Alzheimer's disease,4,7,9 intracranial hemorrhages,5 cancer.6 recent following event revealed tunnels removal CSF, metabolites, toxins nervous system (CNS).4,5,7 development pharmacological methods modulation MLV proven difficult task, drugs introduced blood do enter MLVs. One most direction stimulation lymphoneogenesis introducing vascular endothelial growth factor C cisterna magna. should noted an invasive method, widespread clinic performed special indications highly qualified specialists. under skull makes accessible photostimulation, loss energy, enough reach meninges affect endothelium done 1267 laser.4-6,10 transition gap 0.97 eV pumps ground state O2 singlet state. A pioneering study shown stimulates increasing contractility drainage properties via nitric oxide (NO) regulation peristaltic functions5 (Figure 1A B). facilitates metabolites dissolved CSF CNS cervical lymph nodes, anatomical station collection CSF. Based these photo-effects, clinically results been obtained various studies. better recovery hemorrhages.5 activation brain's contributes increase resistance glioma progression6 microglia injury caused diabetes mellitus.10 Direct wavelength also clearance amyloid-β (Aβ), improves cognitive function mouse model disease.4Figure 1: photo- 1 O 2 functions.(A) Schematic representation photo-stimulation deep nodes. (B) Conceptual scheme illustrating stimulating photo-effect laser LED 1050 activates NO- 1О2-dependent mechanisms. There hypothesis experimental data basal leads mitochondria, accompanied NO formation, mainly valves 50% NO-synthase localized there. release dilation increases permeability, volume influx them. Furthermore, react hydrogen peroxide additionally 1O2 generation. At moment, upstream valve open, downstream closed. When filled, share stress decreases degraded. Afterward, contraction initiated Ca2+ both stretch-, voltage-, ion-activated channels depot. closes opens wall shear production locally, thus starting cycle again. way process MLVs, basis cleansing functions. (C) Model PBM technology sleep and/or wakefulness Created CorelDRAW X7. 1O2: oxygen; CNS: system; CSF: fluid; LED: light-emitting diode; MLV: vessel; NO: oxide; PBM: photobiomodulation.Future perspectives direct1O2generation tissues: Light sources emitting around scarce expensive, commercially unattractive. regard, irradiation 1065 perspective coincidence band emitted lasers. 1.16 involves Despite any biomedical excitation equal nm, main fundamental practical advantages nm. 10-fold reduction water absorption compared allows save therapeutic coincides emission available lasers (~1064 nm) diodes (LEDs; ~1050 nm). LEDs widely used practice photobiomodulation recognized U.S. Food Drug Administration safe technologies, well attractive price, they implementation practice. indicate potential effectively remove toxic Aβ order improve brain.7-9 unique phenomenon significantly natural processes during sleep. Phototherapy diseases infancy.12 devices simultaneously monitor deliver photo-radiation tissue.12 prototype such device proposed tested preclinical tool effective improving mice disease9 1C). Sleep-based facilitating memory formation skills healthy rodents.8 world's controlling photo-1О2 adapted humans toxins, will trials patients disease 2025. progress hampered presence blood–brain barrier, allow 95% CNS. explains 30% pathologies. addition, between appearance market drug, 10 15 years pass. prospect developing non-pharmacological non-invasive technologies profitable chance rapid everyday work supported grant Russian Science Foundation(No. 23-75-30001). Open access statement:This open journal, articles distributed terms Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, others remix, tweak, build upon non-commercially, long appropriate credit given creations licensed identical terms.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Light Scattering in Biomedical Applications: feature issue introduction

Biomedical Optics Express, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 2890 - 2890

Published: April 3, 2024

The feature Issue on "Dynamic Light Scattering in Biomedical Applications" presents a compilation of research breakthroughs and technological advancements that have shaped the field biophotonics, particularly non-invasive exploration biological tissues. Highlighting significance dynamic light scattering (DLS) alongside techniques like laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS), speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), this issue underscores versatile applications these methods capturing intricate dynamics microcirculatory blood flow across various Contributions explore developments fluorescence tomography, integration machine learning for data processing, enhancements microscopy cancer detection, novel approaches optical biophysics, among others. Innovations featured include high-resolution tomography system deep imaging, rapid estimation technique real-time tissue perfusion use convolutional neural networks efficient mapping. Additionally, studies delve into impact skin strain spectral reflectance, sensitivity cerebral measurement techniques, potential photobiomodulation enhancing brain function. This not only showcases latest theoretical experimental strides DLS-based but also anticipates continued evolution modalities groundbreaking disease diagnosis, monitoring, marking pivotal contribution to biomedical optics.

Language: Английский

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Quantification and stimulation of human glymphatic dynamics:New features of Alzheimer’s disease and effects of brain photobiomodulation

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 5, 2025

A non-invasive device to measure the dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is highly desirable because CSF facilitates cleaning neurotoxic wastes in brain. better understanding helps promote healthy aging older adults and treat patients with neurological diseases. This study employed a multi-color optical method quantify prefrontal two groups: (1) (n = 16) without 27) Alzheimer's disease (2) young 26) before after light stimulation. The results revealed that coupling strengths between cerebral blood volume (CBV) were age-dependent significantly higher AD than controls. Prefrontal stimulation enhanced CBV-CSF coupling, suggesting improved drainage. underscores strategy as unique tool for monitoring interaction CBV CSF, well metabolic functions human brain, while demonstrating therapeutic potential brain treating neurodegenerative diseases involving drainage dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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Age as a limiting factor for effectiveness of photostimulation of brain drainage and cognitive functions

Frontiers of Optoelectronics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: March 31, 2025

Abstract The progressive number of old adults with cognitive impairment worldwide and the lack effective pharmacologic therapies require development non-pharmacologic strategies. photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising method in prevention early or mild age-related impairments. However, it remains unclear efficacy PBM for patients significant dysfunction. In our study on male mice, we show gradual increase brain amyloid beta (Aβ) levels decrease drainage age, which, however, associated decline function only (24 months age) mice but not middle-aged (12 young (3 month animals. These features are accompanied by hyperplasia meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) underlying drainage. improves training exercises Aβ clearance while animals sensitive to PBM. results clearly demonstrate that effects correlated age-mediated changes MLV network may be if preserved. findings expand fundamental knowledge about age differences effectiveness improvement functions as well mechanisms responsible sensitivity therapeutic effects. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Different Effects of Phototherapy for Rat Glioma during Sleep and Wakefulness

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 262 - 262

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

There is an association between sleep quality and glioma-specific outcomes, including survival. The critical role of in survival among subjects with glioma may be due to sleep-induced activation brain drainage (BD), that dramatically suppressed glioma. Emerging evidence demonstrates photobiomodulation (PBM) effective technology for both the stimulation BD as add-on therapy suggests PBM during stimulates more strongly than when awake. In this study on male Wistar rats, we clearly demonstrate course vs. awake effectively suppresses growth increases compared control. mechanisms phenomenon revealed stronger effects sleeping rats immune response against glioma, increase number CD8+ cells, apoptosis, blockage proliferation cells. Our new sleep-phototherapy opens a strategy improve medical care patients cancer, using promising smart-sleep non-invasive approaches treatment.

Language: Английский

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Promising Strategies to Reduce the SARS-CoV-2 Amyloid Deposition in the Brain and Prevent COVID-19-Exacerbated Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 788 - 788

Published: June 16, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is associated cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Once it enters brain, virus stimulates accumulation of amyloids in brain that are highly toxic to neural cells. These may trigger neurological symptoms COVID-19. meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) play an important role removal toxins mediate viral drainage from brain. MLVs considered a promising target prevent COVID-19-exacerbated dementia. However, there limited methods for augmentation MLV function. This review highlights new discoveries field COVID-19-mediated amyloid development strategies stimulate clearance through other pathways. based on innovative treating dysfunction induced infection, including use photobiomodulation, plasmalogens, medicinal herbs, which offer hope addressing challenges posed virus.

Language: Английский

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Task-specific approach in customized design of EEG system for small laboratory animals

The European Physical Journal Special Topics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 233(3), P. 671 - 675

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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A first step to develop quantum medicine: Radiometers, detectors, and biosensors

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 100658 - 100658

Published: May 31, 2024

Radiometers and Wearable biosensors, as vital parts of the realm quantum medicine, are becoming popular for their ability to continuously immediately provide physiological data through single-cell spectroscopy, brain imaging, noninvasive monitoring biochemical markers in various neuroimaging biofluids such sweat, tears, interstitial fluid. Various biosensing, microfluidic sampling, transport technologies have been combined, made smaller, incorporated with flexible materials improve ease use comfort. Enhancing understanding connections between blood analyte levels is crucial improving reliability wearable biosensors. This review discusses biomarkers hormones metabolites utilizing electrochemical optical imaging. Increasing number will need further on-body bio affinity testing sensing devices. Large-scale validation studies many participants necessary biosensors therapeutic settings. The biosensor technology quickly accurately detect real-time therapy might greatly impact our daily routines.

Language: Английский

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Plasmalogens Improve Lymphatic Clearance of Amyloid Beta from Mouse Brain and Cognitive Functions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 12552 - 12552

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Amyloid beta (Aβ) is a neuronal metabolic product that plays an important role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Normally, intensive Aβ formation accompanied by its effective lymphatic removal. However, the excessive accumulation of observed with age and during development Alzheimer's disease (AD) leading to cognitive impairment memory deficits. There emerging evidence plasmalogens (Pls), as one key lipids, may be beneficial for AD aging. Here, we studied effects Pls on functions clearance from mice different ages. The results showed effectively reduce levels facilitate learning aged but not old mice. In mice, improve increase general motor activity improvement emotional status ability. Thus, these findings suggest could promising candidate alternative or concomitant therapy age-related diseases enhance functions.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Near-infrared Photobiomodulation for the Intervention of Acquired Brain Injury

Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 19, 2024

Acquired brain injury (ABI) is an that affects the structure and function. Traditional ABI treatment strategies, including medications rehabilitation therapy, exhibit their ability to improve its impairments in cognition, emotion, physical activity. Recently, near-infrared (NIR) photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a promising intervention method for ABI, demonstrating low-level light therapy can modulate cellular metabolic processes, reduce inflammation reactive oxygen species of microenvironments, promote neural repair regeneration. Preclinical studies using models have been carried out, revealing potential PBM promoting recovery although clinical application still early stages. In this review, we first inspected possible biological mechanisms NIR-PBM, then reported pathophysiology physiology underlying NIR-PBM intervention. Therefore, therapeutic was demonstrated it also expected further work facilitate applications.

Language: Английский

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