Waking Up to the Importance of Sleep: Opportunities for Policy Makers

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 25 - 32

Published: March 1, 2023

Insufficient sleep is associated with an increased risk for a range of negative physical and mental health outcomes. Causes insufficient involve many factors, the consequences are not evenly distributed across populations. Indeed, stark disparities disadvantage racial ethnic minorities those low in socioeconomic status, who more readily affected by poor than their White high status comparators. Sleep situated context socioecological model that recognizes societal, community, individual factors shape drive sleep-related Policy opportunities address each level presented addressing these barriers should promote better potentially reduce disparities.

Language: Английский

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The futuristic manifolds of REM sleep

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(2)

Published: June 22, 2024

Summary Since one of its first descriptions 70 years ago, rapid eye movement sleep has continually inspired and excited new generations researchers. Despite significant advancements in understanding neurocircuitry, underlying mechanisms microstates, many questions regarding function, especially beyond the early neurodevelopment, remain unanswered. This opinion review delves into some unresolved issues research, highlighting ongoing need for comprehensive exploration this fascinating field.

Language: Английский

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The new science of sleep: From cells to large-scale societies

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. e3002684 - e3002684

Published: July 8, 2024

In the past 20 years, more remarkable revelations about sleep and its varied functions have arguably been made than in previous 200. Building on this swell of recent findings, essay provides a broad sampling selected research highlights across genetic, molecular, cellular, physiological systems within body, networks brain, large-scale social dynamics. Based raft exciting new discoveries, we come to realize that sleep, moment evolution, is very much polyfunctional (rather monofunctional), yet for reasons had never previously considered. Moreover, these insights powerfully reaffirm as critical biological, thus health-sustaining, requisite. Indeed, perhaps only thing impressive unanticipated nature newly emerging their striking divergence, from operations molecular mechanisms inside cells entire group societal

Language: Английский

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The 4R Model of Mood and Emotion for Sustainable Mental Health in Organisational Settings

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(18), P. 11670 - 11670

Published: Sept. 16, 2022

Organisations are aware of the need to maintain mental health their employees. People’s capacity recognise and manage moods emotions is critical sustainable health, performance, quality life, while failure do so can result in underperformance, disengagement, some cases, illness. Employees organisations that provide an appropriate strategy support likely experience sustained psychological benefits. In this paper, we synthesise previous research into a theoretical framework distinguishing mood from emotion via both top-down (cognitive) bottom-up (biological) factors. We propose 4R model help individuals Recognise as distinct emotion, or vice-versa, respond one three ways; Restore, Resolve, Regulate. The posits interoceptive signal internal biological homeostasis, external, often social, events disrupt homeostasis; serve external bio-affective feedback loops, respectively. modified positively by restoration whereas behavioural resolution emotion-eliciting event. low-cost, preventative, be applied peer-to-peer without expert supervision.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the cognitive and neuroimaging bases underlying the detrimental impact of sleep deprivation on reciprocity

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 109155 - 109155

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Although the impact of sleep loss on social behaviors has been widely observed in recent years, mechanisms underpinning these impacts remain unclear. In this study, we explored detrimental effects deprivation reciprocity behavior as well its underlying psychological and neuroimaging by combining manipulation, an interpersonal interactive game, computational modeling neuroimaging. Our results suggested that after deprivation, individuals showed reduced behavior, mainly due to their weights communal concern when making decisions. At neural level, demonstrated deprivation's were precuneus (hyperactivity) temporoparietal junction, dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (both hypoactivity), was also accounted for increased precuneus-thalamus connectivity DLPFC-thalamus connectivity. findings contributed understanding bases deleterious behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Impulsivity Mediates the Relationship between Sleep Quality and Interpersonal Functioning: A Cross-sectional Study in a Sample of University Students

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Background Amid the current mental health pandemic, research continues to investigate potential contributors associated with increasing levels of negative health. Among such is sleep, which vital for physiological and psychological functioning downstream behavioral consequences, including in relation impulsivity social functioning. Given significant rates poor sleep quality reported literature, our study sought relationship between quality, interpersonal among university students. Methods An anonymous online survey was administered students (Ages 18+; N = 526; 33% male, 67% female) addressing demographics, impulsivity, Results Our findings indicate a substantial proportion reporting impulsivity. Moreover, higher lower were quality. Mediation analysis revealed mediating role attentional Conclusions Repeated reports underlying numerous psychiatric disorders, its prevalence socially, fundamental issue that reflects (i.e., lack self-control/self-discipline), suggests necessity reorient therapeutic efforts towards root problem. Thus, should seek maximize preventative behaviors build character/virtue strengthen individual (e.g., improving minimizing impulsivity), through self-discipline perseverance, order reduce outcomes dysfunctional functioning).

Language: Английский

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Impulsivity Mediates the Relationship between Sleep Quality and Interpersonal Functioning: A Cross-sectional Study in a Sample of University Students

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 12, 2024

Background: Amid the current mental health pandemic, research continues to investigate potential contributors associated with increasing levels of negative health. Among such is sleep, which vital for physiological and psychological functioning downstream behavioral consequences, including in relation impulsivity social functioning. Given significant rates poor sleep quality reported literature, our study sought relationship between quality, interpersonal among university students. Methods: An anonymous online survey was administered students (Ages 18+; N=526; 33% male, 67% female) addressing demographics, impulsivity, Results: Our findings indicate a substantial proportion reporting impulsivity. Moreover, higher lower were quality. Mediation analysis revealed mediating role attentional Conclusions: Repeated reports underlying numerous psychiatric disorders, its prevalence socially, fundamental issue that reflects (i.e., lack self-control/self-discipline), suggests necessity reorient therapeutic efforts towards root problem. Thus, should seek maximize preventative behaviors build character/virtue strengthen individual (e.g., improving minimizing impulsivity), through self-discipline perseverance, order reduce outcomes dysfunctional functioning).

Language: Английский

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Mind reading dysfunctions in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea: A neuropsychological approach

Journal of Neuropsychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 2, 2024

Abstract Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a prevalent sleep‐related breathing disorder that has been extensively studied for its effects on cognitive functions. However, little attention given to investigating Mind Reading (MR) skills in patients with OSAS. In this study, we employed neuropsychological approach thoroughly assess various facets of MR Forty‐two untreated moderate or severe OSAS (AHI ≥15; 30 men, 12 women) and 16 healthy controls (7 men 9 women), matched by age, were enrolled. To skills, used: (i) The Story‐based Empathy Task (SET), which includes three experimental conditions: identifying intentions (SET‐IA), emotional states (SET‐EA), control condition inferring causality reactions (SET‐CI); (ii) the Ekman 60 Faces Test (Ek60), measures emotion recognition from facial expressions. Our findings revealed exhibit deficits emotion‐related while their ability make inferences about social partners remains largely preserved. This finding corroborates previous evidence indicating cognition, particularly may be one domains affected It emphasizes significance cognition relationship between functioning as new intriguing area research

Language: Английский

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Modulating social learning-induced evaluation updating during human sleep

npj Science of Learning, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: July 7, 2024

Abstract People often change their evaluations upon learning about peers’ evaluations, i.e., social learning. Given sleep’s vital role in consolidating daytime experiences, sleep may facilitate learning, thereby further changing people’s evaluations. Combining a task and the sleep-based targeted memory reactivation technique, we asked whether learning-induced evaluation updating can be modulated during sleep. After participants had indicated initial of snacks, they learned while hearing snacks’ spoken names. During post-learning non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, re-played half snack names (i.e., cued snack) to reactivate associated Upon waking up, found that enlarged for both uncued snacks. Examining electroencephalogram (EEG) activity revealed cue-elicited delta-theta EEG power overnight N2 spindle density predicted post-sleep but not These findings underscore sleep-mediated neural supporting updating.

Language: Английский

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Gratitude, flourishing and prosocial behaviors following experimental sleep restriction and sleep extension

The Journal of Positive Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

People who are grateful, resilient and flourishing in life show better health, including sleep. This correlational finding is typically attributed to personality factors or positive outlooks causing We investigated the reverse causal interpretation: do sleep losses gains experimentally affect feelings expressions of gratitude, resilience flourishing? Young adults (N = 90) were randomly assigned restriction, extension normally while wearing wristband actigraphy between Monday Friday study sessions. State-level measures flourishing, gratitude improved across week with worsened restriction (ηp2 .13 .17). Trait-level showed modest no changes. Sleep-extended participants wrote twice as many details on their list other two conditions .11). Most effects persisted when accounting for mood. Therefore, subtle changes nighttime causally influence components that underlie mental well-being.

Language: Английский

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