Common principles for odour coding across vertebrates and invertebrates

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 453 - 472

Published: May 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Senses, emotions and wellbeing in forest recreation and tourism

Tourism Recreation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 13

Published: March 1, 2024

Outdoor tourism can provide nature therapies. Implementation research for mental healthcare aims to establish psychological mechanisms and specify designs, doses durations medical trials. As one component, we tested simultaneous links from senses emotions, emotions self-perceived wellbeing, 524 tourists at 27 forest reserves in China. We used quantitative surveys, person, with: 5-point Likert-type scales measure links; free-text descriptions of their most memorable sensory emotional experiences during these visits; 7-item Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) 10-item Kessler stress index (K10) health wellbeing. found that Chinese perceive strongly (p < 0.00001) drive determine Senses reported were: sight by 86%, sound 36%, smell 41%, touch 18%, temperature 42%, humidity 20%. The number engaged ranged 1, 39%, 6, 9%. K10 stress-reduction wellbeing was significantly = 0.0272) but weakly (R2 0.009) correlated with the engaged. Future on benefits outdoor tourists, tourist choreography tour guides trail signs, should therefore focus intensity emotions.

Language: Английский

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Olfactory Critical Periods: How Odor Exposure Shapes the Developing Brain in Mice and Flies

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 94 - 94

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Neural networks have an extensive ability to change in response environmental stimuli. This flexibility peaks during restricted windows of time early life called critical periods. The ubiquitous occurrence this form plasticity across sensory modalities and phyla speaks the importance periods for proper neural development function. Extensive investigation into visual has advanced our knowledge molecular events key processes that underlie impact early-life experience on neuronal plasticity. However, despite olfaction overall survival organism, cellular basis olfactory not garnered study compared Recent work providing a comprehensive mapping highly organized neuropil its turn attracted growing interest how these circuits undergo Here, we perform comparative review fruit flies mice provide novel insight odor exposure shaping highlighting mechanisms found modalities.

Language: Английский

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Experience-dependent reorganization of inhibitory neuron synaptic connectivity

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Organisms continually tune their perceptual systems to the features they encounter in environment 1-3 . We have studied how ongoing experience reorganizes synaptic connectivity of neurons olfactory (piriform) cortex mouse. developed an approach measure vivo , training a deep convolutional network reliably identify monosynaptic connections from spike-time cross-correlograms 4.4 million single-unit pairs. This revealed that excitatory piriform with similar odor tuning are more likely be connected. asked whether enhances this like-to-like but found it was unaffected by exposure. Experience did, however, alter logic interneuron connectivity. Following repeated encounters set odorants, inhibitory responded differentially these stimuli exhibited high degree both incoming and outgoing within cortical network. reorganization depended only on not its pre- or postsynaptic partners. A computational model reorganized predicts increases dimensionality entire network's responses familiar stimuli, thereby enhancing discriminability. confirmed network-level property is present physiological measurements, which showed increased separability evoked versus novel odorants. Thus, simple, non-Hebbian may selectively enhance organism's discrimination environment.

Language: Английский

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Aberration correction in long GRIN lens-based microendoscopes for extended field-of-view two-photon imaging in deep brain regions

Published: March 14, 2025

Two-photon (2P) fluorescence imaging through gradient index (GRIN) lens-based endoscopes is fundamental to investigate the functional properties of neural populations in deep brain circuits. However, GRIN lenses have intrinsic optical aberrations, which severely degrade their performance. aberrations decrease signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution signals, especially lateral portions field-of-view (FOV), leading restricted FOV smaller number recorded neurons. This relevant for several millimeters length, are needed reach deeper regions rodent brain. We previously demonstrated a novel method enlarge improve two-photon microendoscopes based on length < 4.1 mm (Antonini et al. eLife 2020). developed were too short most ventral mouse In this study, we combined simulations with fabrication aspherical polymer microlenses three-dimensional (3D) microprinting correct long (length > 6 mm) (diameter, 500 µm). Long corrected had improved resolution, enabling significantly enlarged FOVs. Moreover, using synthetic calcium data showed that aberration correction enabled detection cells higher SNR fluorescent signals decreased cross-contamination between Finally, applied perform large-scale high precision recordings neurons olfactory cortex, region laying approximately 5 from surface, awake head-tethered mice. powerful new tools population unprecedented large

Language: Английский

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Aberration correction in long GRIN lens-based microendoscopes for extended field-of-view two-photon imaging in deep brain regions

Published: April 9, 2025

Two-photon (2P) fluorescence imaging through gradient index (GRIN) lens-based endoscopes is fundamental to investigate the functional properties of neural populations in deep brain circuits. However, GRIN lenses have intrinsic optical aberrations, which severely degrade their performance. aberrations decrease signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution signals, especially lateral portions field-of-view (FOV), leading restricted FOV smaller number recorded neurons. This relevant for several millimeters length, are needed reach deeper regions rodent brain. We previously demonstrated a novel method enlarge improve 2P microendoscopes based on length < 4.1 mm (Antonini et al. eLife 2020). developed were too short most ventral mouse In this study, we combined simulations with fabrication aspherical polymer microlenses three-dimensional (3D) microprinting correct long (length > 6 mm) (diameter, 500 µm). Long corrected had improved resolution, enabling significantly enlarged FOVs. Moreover, using synthetic calcium data showed that aberration correction enabled detection cells higher SNR fluorescent signals decreased cross-contamination between Finally, applied perform large-scale high precision recordings neurons olfactory cortex, region laying approximately 5 from surface, awake head-tethered mice. powerful new tools population unprecedented large

Language: Английский

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Aberration correction in long GRIN lens-based microendoscopes for extended field-of-view two-photon imaging in deep brain regions

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: May 2, 2025

Two-photon (2P) fluorescence imaging through gradient index (GRIN) lens-based endoscopes is fundamental to investigate the functional properties of neural populations in deep brain circuits. However, GRIN lenses have intrinsic optical aberrations, which severely degrade their performance. aberrations decrease signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution signals, especially lateral portions field-of-view (FOV), leading restricted FOV smaller number recorded neurons. This relevant for several millimeters length, are needed reach deeper regions rodent brain. We previously demonstrated a novel method enlarge improve 2P microendoscopes based on length <4.1 mm (Antonini et al., 2020). developed were too short most ventral mouse In this study, we combined simulations with fabrication aspherical polymer microlenses three-dimensional (3D) microprinting correct long (length >6 mm) (diameter, 500 µm). Long corrected had improved resolution, enabling significantly enlarged FOVs. Moreover, using synthetic calcium data showed that aberration correction enabled detection cells higher SNR fluorescent signals decreased cross-contamination between Finally, applied perform large-scale high-precision recordings neurons olfactory cortex, region laying approximately 5 from surface, awake head-fixed mice. powerful new tools population unprecedented large high

Language: Английский

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Effects of stochastic coding on olfactory discrimination in flies and mice

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(10), P. e3002206 - e3002206

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Sparse coding can improve discrimination of sensory stimuli by reducing overlap between their representations. Two factors, however, offset sparse coding’s benefits: similar have significant and responses vary across trials. To elucidate the effects these 2 we analyzed odor in fly mouse olfactory regions implicated learning discrimination—the mushroom body (MB) piriform cortex (PCx). We found that neuronal fall along a continuum from extremely reliable trials to variable or stochastic. Computationally, show observed variability arises noise within central circuits rather than noise. propose this scheme be advantageous for coarse- fine-odor discrimination. More cells enable quick dissimilar odors. For odors, do not provide distinguishing information. By contrast, more unreliable are decorrelated providing information, though benefits only accrue with extended training Overall, uncovered conserved, stochastic vertebrates invertebrates, identify candidate mechanism, based on winner-take-all (WTA) inhibitory circuit, improves training.

Language: Английский

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Neural Circuits for Fast Poisson Compressed Sensing in the Olfactory Bulb

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 24, 2023

Abstract Within a single sniff, the mammalian olfactory system can decode identity and concentration of odorants wafted on turbulent plumes air. Yet, it must do so given access only to noisy, dimensionally-reduced representation odor world provided by receptor neurons. As result, solve compressed sensing problem, relying fact that handful millions possible are present in scene. Inspired this principle, past works have proposed normative models for decoding. However, these not captured unique anatomy physiology bulb, nor they shown be achieved within 100-millisecond timescale sniff. Here, we propose rate-based Poisson circuit model bulb. This maps onto neuron classes recapitulates salient features their connectivity physiology. For sizes comparable human show accurately detect tens odors We also perform Bayesian posterior sampling accurate uncertainty estimation. Fast inference is if geometry neural code chosen match properties, yielding distributed axis-aligned individual identities. Our results illustrate how modeling help us map function specific circuits generate new hypotheses.

Language: Английский

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Aberration correction in long GRIN lens-based microendoscopes for extended field-of-view two-photon imaging in deep brain regions

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Two-photon (2P) fluorescence imaging through gradient index (GRIN) lens-based endoscopes is fundamental to investigate the functional properties of neural populations in deep brain circuits. However, GRIN lenses have intrinsic optical aberrations, which severely degrade their performance. aberrations decrease signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution signals, especially lateral portions field-of-view (FOV), leading restricted FOV smaller number recorded neurons. This relevant for several millimeters length, are needed reach deeper regions rodent brain. We previously demonstrated a novel method enlarge improve two-photon microendoscopes based on length < 4.1 mm (Antonini et al. eLife 2020). developed were too short most ventral mouse In this study, we combined simulations with fabrication aspherical polymer microlenses three-dimensional (3D) microprinting correct long (length > 6 mm) (diameter, 500 µm). Long corrected had improved resolution, enabling significantly enlarged FOVs. Moreover, using synthetic calcium data showed that aberration correction enabled detection cells higher SNR fluorescent signals decreased cross-contamination between Finally, applied perform large-scale high precision recordings neurons olfactory cortex, region laying approximately 5 from surface, awake head-tethered mice. powerful new tools population unprecedented large

Language: Английский

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