Pigment-dispersing factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

Open Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6)

Published: June 1, 2023

The neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) plays a pivotal role in the circadian clock of most Ecdysozoa and is additionally involved timing seasonal responses several photoperiodic species. pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, paradigmatic species with an annual life cycle tightly coupled to changes day length. Nevertheless, PDF could not be identified A. pisum so far . In present study, we PDF-coding gene that has undergone significant otherwise highly conserved insect C-terminal amino acid sequence. A newly generated aphid-specific antibody stained four neurons each hemisphere aphid brain co-express protein Period have projections pars lateralis are plastic change their appearance daily manner, resembling those fruit fly neurons. Most intriguingly, terminals overlap dendrites insulin-like peptide (ILP) positive neurosecretory cells intercerebralis putative Cryptochrome (CRY) Since ILP been previously shown crucial for adaptations CRY might serve as photoreceptor vital measuring length, our results suggest critical timing.

Language: Английский

---

The circadian and photoperiodic clock of the pea aphid

Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 210(4), P. 627 - 639

Published: July 24, 2023

The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, is a paradigmatic photoperiodic species that exhibits remarkable annual life cycle, which tightly coupled to the seasonal changes in day length. During spring and summer, characterised by longer days, aphid populations consist exclusively of viviparous females reproduce parthenogenetically. When autumn comes days shorten, aphids switch their reproductive mode generate males oviparous sexual females, mate produce cold-resistant eggs overwinter survive unfavourable season. While responses have been well described, nature timing mechanisms underlie length discrimination are still not completely understood. Experiments from 1960's suggested rely on an 'hourglass' clock measuring elapsed time during dark night accumulating biochemical factor, reaches critical threshold at certain triggers reproduction mode. However, can also be attributed strongly dampened circadian clock. Recent studies uncovered molecular components location brain revealed it connected neurohormonal system controlling reproduction. We provide overview putative control aphids, photoreceptors involved this process neuroendocrine system.

Language: Английский

---

Juvenile hormone biosynthetic genes are critical for regulating reproductive diapause in the cabbage beetle

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 139, P. 103654 - 103654

Published: Sept. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Neural mechanism of circadian clock-based photoperiodism in insects and snails

Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 210(4), P. 601 - 625

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Abstract The photoperiodic mechanism distinguishes between long and short days, the circadian clock system is involved in this process. Although necessity of genes for responses has been demonstrated many species, how contributes to mechanisms remains unclear. A comprehensive study, including functional analysis relevant physiology their expressing cells, necessary understand molecular cellular mechanisms. Since Drosophila melanogaster exhibits a shallow photoperiodism, have studied non-model starting with brain microsurgery neuroanatomy, followed by genetic manipulation some insects. Here, we review discuss involvement terms neural networks We also recent advances underlying insects snails, additionally systems whose photoperiodism hardly addressed yet. Brain neurosecretory insulin-like peptide / diuretic hormone44- pars intercerebralis neurones bean bug Riptortus pedestris caudo-dorsal cell hormone -expressing cells snail Lymnaea stagnalis , both promote egg laying under electrical excitability attenuated medium which reduces oviposition. are mediated glutamate control gene period . Thus, now able assess response activity investigate upstream mechanisms, that is, counter.

Language: Английский

---

Drosophila ezoana uses morning and evening oscillators to adjust its rhythmic activity to different daylengths but only the morning oscillator to measure night length for photoperiodic responses

Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 210(4), P. 535 - 548

Published: June 17, 2023

Abstract Animals living at high latitudes are exposed to prominent seasonal changes which they need adapt survive. By applying Zeitgeber cycles of different periods and photoperiods we show here that high-latitude D. ezoana flies possess evening oscillators highly damped morning help them adapting their activity rhythms long photoperiods. In addition, the involved in timing diapause. The measure night length use external coincidence for We discuss clock protein TIMELESS (d-TIM) as molecular correlate small ventrolateral neurons (s-LN v s) anatomical correlates components measuring length.

Language: Английский

---