Juvenile hormones direct primordial germ cell migration to the embryonic gonad

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 505 - 518.e6

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Germ cells are essential to sexual reproduction. Across the animal kingdom, extracellular signaling isoprenoids, such as retinoic acids (RAs) in vertebrates and juvenile hormones (JHs) invertebrates, facilitate multiple processes Here we investigated role of these potent molecules embryonic germ cell development, using JHs Drosophila melanogaster a model system. In contrast their established endocrine roles during larval adult germline found that JH acts locally development. Using an vivo biosensor, observed active first within near primordial (PGCs) they migrate developing gonad. Through vitro assays, determined both necessary sufficient for PGC migration. Analysis into mechanisms this newly uncovered paracrine function revealed migration was compromised when were decreased or increased, suggesting specific titers spatiotemporal dynamics required robust colonization Compromised can impair fertility cause tumors many species, including humans. mammals, retinoids have development We like Drosophila, RA impact mouse vitro. Together, our study reveals previously unanticipated isoprenoids local effectors pre-gonadal suggests broadly shared mechanism

Language: Английский

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Endocrine factors modulating vitellogenesis and oogenesis in insects: An update

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 587, P. 112211 - 112211

Published: March 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Biological Characteristics and Energy Metabolism of Migrating Insects

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 439 - 439

Published: March 17, 2023

Through long-distance migration, insects not only find suitable breeding locations and increase the survival space opportunities for population but also facilitate large-scale material, energy, information flow between regions, which is important in maintaining stability of agricultural ecosystems wider natural ecosystems. In this study, we summarize changes biological characteristics such as morphology, ovarian development, reproduction, flight capability during seasonal migration insect. consideration global research work, interaction influence regulation insulin-like juvenile hormone on reproductive activities migrating insects, types energy substances, metabolic processes, processes insect are elaborated. This systematic review latest advances studies biology metabolism will help readers to better understand behavior mechanism migration.

Language: Английский

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Microsporidian Nosema bombycis hijacks host vitellogenin and restructures ovariole cells for transovarial transmission

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. e1011859 - e1011859

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular parasites that infect almost all animals, causing serious human diseases and major economic losses to the farming industry. Nosema bombycis is typical microsporidium infects multiple lepidopteran insects via fecal-oral transovarial transmission (TOT); however, underlying TOT processes mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we characterized process identified key factors enabling N . invade ovariole oocyte silkworm Bombyx mori We found commenced with at early pupal stage when ovarioles penetrated ovary wall were exposed hemolymph. Subsequently, in hemolymph cells firstly infiltrated sheath, from where they invaded two routes: (I) infecting follicular cells, thereby penetrating oocytes after proliferation, (II) nurse thus entering following replication. In follicle restructured built large vacuoles deliver themselves into oocyte. whole process, coated B vitellogenin (BmVg) on their surfaces. To investigate BmVg effects TOT, suppressed its expression dramatic decrease pathogen load both eggs, suggesting plays crucial role TOT. Thereby, domains parasite spore proteins (SWPs) mediating interaction, demonstrated von Willebrand domain (VWD) interacted SWP12, SWP26 SWP30, unknown function (DUF1943) bound SWP30. When disrupting these interactions, significant reductions interplays between SWPs vital for conclusion, our study has elucidated aspects about microsporidian revealed understanding molecular this transmission.

Language: Английский

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Sublethal impacts of pyriproxyfen on biological traits of non-target species, Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Bioagro, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 13 - 24

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog (JHA), is considered as reduced-risk alternative to synthetic pesticides for crop protection. It has been frequently used in agriculture and public health manage insect pests. However, recent studies have reported that pyriproxyfen may adverse physiological effects on non-target organisms. This study investigated the of sublethal doses endocrine disrupting insecticide Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) biological model. Results showed had noticeable effect developmental stages individuals exposed generation. Pyriproxyfen treatment significantly shortens adult longevity both sexes, female male. Finally, these results suggest reproduction capacity D. impacted by reducing number progeny after parent’s generation with pyriproxyfen. These research findings indicate exposure induces affects offspring growth rates insects Drosophila.

Language: Английский

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Pesticide-induced resurgence in brown planthopper is mediated by action on a suite of genes that promote juvenile hormone biosynthesis and female fecundity

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Pesticide-induced resurgence, increases in pest insect populations following pesticide application, is a serious threat to the sustainable control of many highly damaging crop pests. Resurgence can result from pesticide-enhanced reproduction, however, molecular mechanisms mediating this process remain unresolved. Here we show that brown planthopper (BPH) resurgence rice crops exposure emamectin benzoate (EB) results coordinated action suite genes regulate juvenile hormone (JH) levels, resulting increased JH titer adult females and enhanced fecundity. We demonstrate EB treatment at sublethal levels profound changes female BPH fitness including egg maturation oviposition. This reproductive EB-mediated upregulation key involved regulation JH, JHAMT Kr-h1 downregulation allatostatin ( AstA ) receptor AstAR expression. signaling known inhibit production corpora allata hence diminishes inhibitory action. find gene expression are caused by insecticide on its target, glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl). Collectively, these provide mechanistic insights into negative pesticide-induced responses insects reveal actors JH-signaling pathway underpin resurgence.

Language: Английский

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Receptor tyrosine kinases CAD96CA and FGFR1 function as the cell membrane receptors of insect juvenile hormone

Published: March 3, 2025

Juvenile hormone (JH) is important to maintain insect larval status; however, its cell membrane receptor has not been identified. Using the lepidopteran Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm), a serious agricultural pest, as model, we determined that tyrosine kinases (RTKs) cadherin 96ca (CAD96CA) and fibroblast growth factor homologue (FGFR1) function JH receptors by their roles in JH-regulated gene expression, status maintaining, rapid intracellular calcium increase, phosphorylation of MET1 cofactor Taiman, high affinity III. Gene knockout Cad96ca Fgfr1 CRISPR/Cas9 embryo knockdown various cells, overexpression CAD96CA FGFR1 mammalian HEK-293T cells all supported transmitting signal receptors.

Language: Английский

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Receptor tyrosine kinases CAD96CA and FGFR1 function as the cell membrane receptors of insect juvenile hormone

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 14, 2025

Juvenile hormone (JH) is important to maintain insect larval status; however, its cell membrane receptor has not been identified. Using the lepidopteran Helicoverpa armigera (cotton bollworm), a serious agricultural pest, as model, we determined that tyrosine kinases (RTKs) cadherin 96ca (CAD96CA) and fibroblast growth factor homologue (FGFR1) function JH receptors by their roles in JH-regulated gene expression, status maintaining, rapid intracellular calcium increase, phosphorylation of MET1 cofactor Taiman, high affinity III. Gene knockout Cad96ca Fgfr1 CRISPR/Cas9 embryo knockdown various cells, overexpression CAD96CA FGFR1 mammalian HEK-293T cells all supported transmitting signal receptors.

Language: Английский

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Juvenile hormone and energy metabolism shape the optimal timing of flight to reproduction transition in migratory locusts

Insect Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 14, 2025

Abstract Migratory insects are capable of long‐distance flight and strong fecundity, but often have finite amounts resources available for these energy‐demanding traits. Although the trade‐off between reproduction has been reported in migratory insects, optimal timing to transition remains largely unknown. Here, using gregarious phase locust Locusta migratoria , we report that 4‐d‐old adult females possessed strongest capacity first gonadotrophic cycle. Tethered assays demonstrated point ending previtellogenesis beginning vitellogenesis, when vitellogenin (Vg) was not yet massively synthesized, flight. Transcriptome metabolome analyses showed glycogen triglyceride were primarily synthesized fat body during previtellogenic stage. Sustained significantly reduced Vg expression levels accompanied by blocked oocyte growth, prolonged preoviposition period declined egg number. In addition, long‐term led juvenile hormone (JH) synthesis genes JHAMT HMGR allatotropin JH metabolism JHE JHEH . Application mimic JH‐deprived at a lower dose conducive contrast, administration higher doses stimulated vitellogenesis production suppressed capacity. Our results suggest along with energy regulate switch locust. The findings shed new light on regulation reproduction, as well sustainable control locusts.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional and hormonal regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis drives fat body remodeling for reproductive competence

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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