Targeting restoration sites to improve connectivity in a tiger conservation landscape in India DOI Creative Commons
Trishna Dutta, Sandeep Sharma, Ruth DeFries

et al.

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6, P. e5587 - e5587

Published: Oct. 2, 2018

Maintaining and restoring connectivity between source populations is essential for the long term viability of wide-ranging species, many which occur in landscapes that are under pressure to meet increasing infrastructure needs. Identifying barriers corridors can help inform conservation development agencies so objectives be achieved without compromising goals. Here, we use tiger landscape central India as a case study identify barriers, associate them with existing infrastructure, quantify potential improvement by or mitigating barriers. Additionally, propose an approach categorize linkages based on their current status within Protected Areas (PAs).We generated hybrid landuse-landcover map our area merging datasets. We used least-cost methods circuit theory generate linkage metrics. mapped score (IS) metric them. Based criteria represent between-PAs within-PAs, ranked into one four categories: Cat1-linkages currently have high quality should maintained, Cat2W-linkages where focus habitat may improve connectivity, Cat2B-linkages reducing PAs Cat3-linkages effort needed both reduce PAs. associated present maps show restoration mitigation measures targeted highest impact.We 567 30 this landscape, 265 intersect (694 km roads, 150 railway, 48 reservoirs, 10 mines) 302 due land-use gaps forest cover. Eighty-six roads railways. identified 7 Cat1, 4 Cat2w, 9 Cat2b, Cat3 linkages. Eighty surface mines thermal power plants paths, more coal closer areas narrow rank poorly axes.We spatial quantitative results practitioners target efforts. path rapid economic growth, planned biodiversity-rich areas. The hierarchy avoiding, minimizing, offsetting impacts proposed projects applied landscape. Cross-sectoral cooperation at early stages project life-cycles site, design, implement solutions maintain while meeting needs rapidly changing

Language: Английский

Genetic effects of anthropogenic habitat fragmentation on remnant animal and plant populations: a meta‐analysis DOI Creative Commons
Daniel R. Schlaepfer, Brigitte Braschler, Hans‐Peter Rusterholz

et al.

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2018

Abstract Habitat loss and fragmentation are among the biggest threats to biodiversity. Anthropogenic habitat leads small isolated remnant plant animal populations. The combination of increased random genetic drift, inbreeding, reduced gene flow may substantially reduce variation However, magnitude these responses depend on several poorly understood factors including organism group, type both fragment surrounding matrix, life‐history traits, time since fragmentation. We compiled data for 83 52 species conducted a meta‐analysis following best practices evaluate how mediate effects anthropogenic calculated 206 effect sizes as correlations between one four measures population‐level diversity area. All analyses were repeated using models increasing complexity (traditional random‐effects models, multilevel accounting non‐independent data, additionally correcting phylogenetic relatedness). confirmed that has overall negative organisms. Our shows, however, responded in general stronger than largest impacts occurred tropical temperate forest fragments, surrounded by non‐forest matrix. In contrast, we found only weak fragments. Genetic measured mean number alleles ( A ) showed strongest response Expected heterozygosity He percentage polymorphic loci PLP similar but weaker responses. our indicated inbreeding Fis was not measurably affected Additionally, revealed became with age fragments: significant fragments older 50 yr those more recently isolated. meta‐analyses also currently animals underrepresented literature fragmentation, certain geographical regions types. expect future field studies state‐of‐the‐art approaches will provide further evidence effects, which reinforce here reported patterns, even groups yet studied.

Language: Английский

Citations

204
Connecting the dots: mapping habitat connectivity for tigers in central India DOI
Trishna Dutta, Sandeep Sharma,

Brad H. McRae

et al.

Regional Environmental Change, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 16(S1), P. 53 - 67

Published: Oct. 14, 2015

Language: Английский

Citations

200
Genomic evidence for inbreeding depression and purging of deleterious genetic variation in Indian tigers DOI Creative Commons
Anubhab Khan,

Kaushalkumar Patel,

Harsh Shukla

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(49)

Published: Nov. 30, 2021

Increasing habitat fragmentation leads to wild populations becoming small, isolated, and threatened by inbreeding depression. However, small may be able purge recessive deleterious alleles as they become expressed in homozygotes, thus reducing depression increasing population viability. We used whole-genome sequences from 57 tigers estimate individual mutation load a small-isolated two large-connected India. As expected, the had substantially higher average genomic (

Language: Английский

Citations

145
Maintaining tiger connectivity and minimizing extinction into the next century: Insights from landscape genetics and spatially-explicit simulations DOI
Prachi Thatte, Aditya Joshi, Srinivas Vaidyanathan

et al.

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 218, P. 181 - 191

Published: Dec. 30, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

161
Recovery of tigers in India: Critical introspection and potential lessons DOI Creative Commons
Yadvendradev V. Jhala,

Rajesh Gopal,

Vaibhav Mathur

et al.

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 281 - 293

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Abstract In a world where biodiversity is on the decline, examples of conservation success especially large carnivores are interest to policy makers and practitioners. Herein, we elucidate actions that have been responsible for recovery tigers their ecosystems in India; feat many range countries struggling achieve. Demand‐driven poaching resulted extinctions at two prestigious Tiger Reserves. India's Prime Minister constituted Task Force led formation National Conservation Authority, Wildlife Crime Control Bureau, scientific monitoring tiger populations incentivized voluntary relocation human settlements from reserves. Plans, cognizant constraints imposed by small reserves embedded land uses, aimed create source within with corridor links between sources sink habitats. Metapopulation management enhanced occupancy long‐term viability populations. Protection technology like MSTrIPES, E‐eye drones effectively reduced poaching. Community support was attempted through profit sharing, mitigating human–tiger conflict fast, fair transparent compensation process removal problem tigers. Reintroduction reinforcement prey assisted natural recovery. Political will ensured resources. Tigers were monitored using Spatially Explicit Capture–Recapture camera traps ecological covariates. 2018–2019 381,000 km 2 habitat, 89,000 occupied. Currently, 50 cover 72,750 harbour 65% ~3,000 managed an annual investment ~1,000 USD/km one staff per 6.5 . regularly evaluated Management Effectiveness. valued benefit flows 76,900 292,300 US$ −2 year −1 Anthropocene it unlikely survive without targeted investments. commitment resources can become available when people simultaneously. Conscious balance governments development rapid economic prosperity security ensure wild intact future generations. A free Plain Language Summary be found Supporting Information this article.

Language: Английский

Citations

86
Recent Evolutionary History of Tigers Highlights Contrasting Roles of Genetic Drift and Selection DOI Creative Commons
Ellie E. Armstrong, Anubhab Khan, Ryan W. Taylor

et al.

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38(6), P. 2366 - 2379

Published: Feb. 3, 2021

Abstract Species conservation can be improved by knowledge of evolutionary and genetic history. Tigers are among the most charismatic endangered species garner significant attention. However, their history genomic variation remain poorly known, especially for Indian tigers. With 70% world’s wild tigers living in India, such is critical. We re-sequenced 65 individual tiger genomes representing extant subspecies with a specific focus on from India. As suggested earlier studies, we found strong differentiation between putative subspecies. Despite high total diversity host longer runs homozygosity, potentially suggesting recent inbreeding or founding events, possibly due to small fragmented protected areas. suggest impacts ongoing connectivity loss persistence closely monitored. Surprisingly, demographic models divergence (within last 20,000 years) population bottlenecks. Amur revealed strongest signals selection related metabolic adaptation cold, whereas Sumatran show evidence weak genes involved body size regulation. recommend detailed investigation local prior initiating rescue.

Language: Английский

Citations

59
Living on the edge: Opportunities for Amur tiger recovery in China DOI
Tianming Wang, J. Andrew Royle, James L. Smith

et al.

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 217, P. 269 - 279

Published: Nov. 21, 2017

Language: Английский

Citations

84
Conservation priorities for endangered Indian tigers through a genomic lens DOI Creative Commons
Meghana Natesh, Goutham Atla, Parag Nigam

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Aug. 22, 2017

Tigers have lost 93% of their historical range worldwide. India plays a vital role in the conservation tigers since nearly 60% all wild are currently found here. However, as protected areas small (<300 km2 on average), with only few individuals each, many them may not be independently viable. It is thus important to identify and conserve genetically connected populations, well maintain connectivity within them. We collected samples from (Panthera tigris tigris) across used genome-wide SNPs infer genetic connectivity. genotyped 10,184 38 17 identified three distinct clusters (corresponding northwest, southern central India). The northwest cluster was isolated low variation high relatedness. geographically large included central, northeastern northern India, had highest variation. Most diversity (62%) shared among clusters, while unique (8.5%) lowest northwestern one (2%). did detect signatures differential selection or local adaptation. highlight that population requires attention ensure persistence these tigers.

Language: Английский

Citations

71
Tigers of the World: Genomics and Conservation DOI
Shu‐Jin Luo,

Yue-Chen Liu,

Xiao Xu

et al.

Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 521 - 548

Published: Feb. 14, 2019

Of all the big cats, or perhaps of endangered wildlife, tiger may be both most charismatic and well-recognized flagship species in world. The rapidly changing field molecular genetics, particularly advances genome sequencing technologies, has provided new tools to reconstruct what characterizes a tiger. Here we review how applications genomic have been used depict tiger's ancestral roots, phylogenetic hierarchy, demographic history, morphological diversity, genetic patterns diversification on temporal geographical scales. Tiger conservation, stabilization, management are important areas that benefit from use these resources for developing survival strategies this megafauna situ ex situ.

Language: Английский

Citations

64
Multi-scale prediction of landscape resistance for tiger dispersal in central India DOI
Ramesh Krishnamurthy, Samuel A. Cushman, Mriganka Shekhar Sarkar

et al.

Landscape Ecology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 31(6), P. 1355 - 1368

Published: March 24, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

61