Social–environmental drivers inform strategic management of coral reefs in the Anthropocene

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 3(9), P. 1341 - 1350

Published: Aug. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

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Local conditions magnify coral loss after marine heatwaves

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 372(6545), P. 977 - 980

Published: May 27, 2021

Climate change threatens coral reefs by causing heat stress events that lead to widespread bleaching and mortality. Given the global nature of these mass mortality events, recent studies argue mitigating climate is only path conserve reefs. Using a analysis 223 sites, we show local stressors act synergistically with kill corals. Local factors such as high abundance macroalgae or urchins magnified loss in year after bleaching. Notably, combined effects increasing intensified loss. Our results offer an optimistic premise effective management, alongside efforts mitigate change, can help survive Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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The past, present, and future of coral heat stress studies

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(17), P. 10055 - 10066

Published: Aug. 22, 2019

Abstract The global loss and degradation of coral reefs, as a result intensified frequency severity bleaching events, is major concern. Evidence heat stress affecting corals through symbionts consequent was first reported in the 1930s. However, it not until 1998 event that urgency for studies became internationally recognized. Current efforts focus only on examining consequences but also finding strategies to potentially improve thermal tolerance aid reefs survival future climate scenarios. Although initial were limited comparison with modern technological tools, they provided foundation many today's research methods hypotheses. Technological advancements are providing new prospects at rapid pace. Understanding how have evolved important critical assessment their progress. This review summarizes development field date assesses avenues research.

Language: Английский

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Sustained mass coral bleaching (2016–2017) in Brazilian turbid-zone reefs: taxonomic, cross-shelf and habitat-related trends

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 38(4), P. 801 - 813

Published: March 15, 2019

Language: Английский

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Coral bleaching impacts from back-to-back 2015–2016 thermal anomalies in the remote central Indian Ocean

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 38(4), P. 605 - 618

Published: July 12, 2019

Studying scleractinian coral bleaching and recovery dynamics in remote, isolated reef systems offers an opportunity to examine impacts of global stressors the absence local human threats. Reefs Chagos Archipelago, central Indian Ocean, suffered severe mortality 2015 following a 7.5 maximum degree heating weeks (DHWs) thermal anomaly, causing 60% cover decrease from 30% 2012 12% April 2016. Mortality was taxon specific, with Porites becoming dominant genus post-bleaching because 86% decline Acropora 14 2% cover. Spatial heterogeneity across Archipelago significantly negatively correlated variation DHWs chlorophyll-a concentrations. In 2016, 17.6 anomaly caused further damage, 68% remaining corals May declining by 29% at Peros Banhos Atoll (northern Archipelago) 14% March 2016 10% 2017. We therefore document back-to-back events for two successive years remote Ocean. Our results indicate lower than despite more event This could be increased resistance resilience within surviving anomaly; however, high prevalence suggests there remained sensitivity bleaching. Similar community change were seen 1998 event, which took 10 yr. relatively rapid resiliency indicates that Archipelago's lack disturbances will increase probability reefs again recover over time. However, as return time between becomes shorter, this ability become increasingly compromised.

Language: Английский

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Extremes, Abrupt Changes and Managing Risks

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 589 - 656

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to content, full PDF via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Language: Английский

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Unravelling the different causes of nitrate and ammonium effects on coral bleaching

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 20, 2020

Mass coral bleaching represents one of the greatest threats to reefs and has mainly been attributed seawater warming. However, reduced water quality can also interact with warming increase bleaching, but this interaction depends on nutrient ratios forms. In particular, nitrate (NO3-) enrichment reduces thermal tolerance while ammonium (NH4+) tends benefit health. The biochemical mechanisms underpinning different responses corals exposed DIN still need be investigated. Here, we demonstrated that Stylophora pistillata underwent a severe oxidative stress condition aerobic scope when NO3- combined stress. Such resulted in increased intensity compared low-nitrogen condition. On contrary, NH4+ was able amend deleterious effects by favoring status energy metabolism holobiont. Overall, our results demonstrate opposite are related corals' energy/redox status. As loading coastal waters is predicted significantly future due agriculture land-based pollution, there for urgent management actions prevent increases levels seawater. addition, maintenance important fish stocks, which provide recycled nitrogen such as ammonium, should favoured.

Language: Английский

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Large geographic variability in the resistance of corals to thermal stress

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 2229 - 2247

Published: Oct. 5, 2020

Abstract Aim Predictions for the future of coral reefs are largely based on thermal exposure and poorly account potential geographic variation in biological sensitivity to stress. Without accounting complex responses, simple climate models associated predictions may lead poor estimates survival policies that fail identify implement most appropriate interventions. To begin filling this gap, we evaluated a number attributes taxa communities predicted influence resistance stress over large range. Location Western Indo‐Pacific Central Ocean Realms. Major studied Zooxanthellate Scleractinia – hard corals. Methods We variability as ratio 12 countries during 2016 global‐bleaching event. Thermal was estimated by two metrics: (a) historical excess summer heat (cumulative anomaly, CTA), (b) multivariate index sea‐surface temperature (SST), light, water flow (climate exposure, CE). Sensitivity 226 sites using coordinated bleaching observations underwater surveys communities. then 48 generalized linear mixed (GLMMs) compare influences geography, SST variation, cover richness. Results Geographic faunal provinces ecoregions were strongest predictors stress, with Australian, Indonesian Fiji‐Caroline Islands having higher than Africa‐India Japan‐Vietnam provinces. Ecoregions also showed strong gradients highest western Pacific Coral Triangle lower surrounding ecoregions. A more detailed evaluation non‐Coral found within Triangle, c. 2.5 times recent anomalies centralized, warmer, cool‐water skew distributions, sites. Our findings importance environmental history context bleaching, some drivers Main conclusions Simple threshold acclimation commonly used predict reefs. Here elsewhere show large‐scale responses geographically variable differential stresses histories.

Language: Английский

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Relative efficacy of three approaches to mitigate Crown-of-Thorns Starfish outbreaks on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: July 28, 2020

Abstract Population outbreaks of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (COTS; Acanthaster spp.) are a major contributor to loss hard coral throughout the Indo-Pacific. On Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR), management interventions have evolved over four COTS include: (1) manual control, (2) Marine Protected Area (MPA) zoning, and, (3) water quality improvement. Here we evaluate contribution these three approaches managing population minimize loss. Strategic control at sites reduced numbers, including larger, more fecund and damaging individuals. Sustained reduction in densities improvements cover site were achieved through repeated visits. MPAs influenced initial but only marginally final following control. Water improvement programs marginal reductions river nutrient loads delivered GBR study region. This, subsequent outbreak, declining across region suggest their contributions negligible. These findings support as most direct, effective, means reducing improving currently available site. We provide recommendations for program effectiveness with application supporting reef resilience

Language: Английский

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Extremes, Abrupt Changes and Managing Risks

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 589 - 656

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to content, full PDF via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Language: Английский

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