County-level analysis reveals a rapidly shifting landscape of insecticide hazard to honey bees (Apis mellifera) on US farmland

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2020

Abstract Each year, millions of kilograms insecticides are applied to crops in the US. While insecticide use supports food, fuel, and fiber production, it can also threaten non-target organisms, a concern underscored by mounting evidence widespread decline pollinator populations. Here, we integrate several public datasets generate county-level annual estimates total ‘bee toxic load’ (honey bee lethal doses) for US between 1997–2012, calculated separately oral contact toxicity. To explore underlying components observed changes, divide load into extent (area treated) intensity (application rate x potency). We show that while contact-based remained relatively steady, oral-based increased roughly 9-fold, with reductions application outweighed disproportionate increases potency (toxicity/kg) extent. This pattern varied markedly region, greatest increase seen Heartland (121-fold increase), likely driven neonicotinoid seed treatments corn soybean. In this “potency paradox”, farmland central has become more hazardous bees despite lower volumes applied, raising concerns about insect conservation highlighting importance integrative approaches pesticide monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Further evidence for a global decline of the entomofauna

Austral Entomology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 60(1), P. 9 - 26

Published: Dec. 17, 2020

Abstract The Anthropocene is characterised by pervasive human‐inflicted impacts on a broad range of biota, including insects. In 2019, we reviewed scientific literature quantifying the prevalence and magnitude insect declines in recent time. Here, drawing upon 40 additional long‐term studies, add evidence that consistent with our earlier review some other reviews fate populations globally. New data for Greenland, northern Africa, South America, eastern Asia Australia complement studies from Europe North America. Temporal trends are now derived 100 refer mainly to past three or four decades (median 33 years). Data 10 major taxonomic orders indicate an average 37% species declining numbers, while 18% increasing; latter taxa involve agricultural herbivores nuisance pests. Population changes more pronounced among aquatic communities, where 42% 29% increasing. Such result decrease biomass across taxa, except Heteroptera. Changes richness diversity indices inconsistent do not reflect intraspecific population over These observed irrespective taxon, geography methodological approach, although lack monitoring records prevents proper assessment tropical regions.

Language: Английский

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Insect responses to global change offer signposts for biodiversity and conservation

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 46(4), P. 699 - 717

Published: Nov. 11, 2020

1. Insects have emerged as causes célèbres for widespread concern about human effects on global biodiversity. Here, we consider how insects provide opportunities both to understand the ecological of change and enhance environmental conservation. 2. Despite a limited time frame geographic extent quantitative evidence, recent studies changes abundance, distribution, diversity indicate temporally heterogeneous trends which vary among taxa, regions, biotopes. These results suggest a) that insect numbers are responding multiple stressors in wider context fitness, distributions, biotic interactions result from habitat climate change; b) specialists with narrow ranges may be particularly at risk. 3. Predictions based macroecology ecophysiology can tested by combining approaches, including experiments observations over gradients latitude, elevation, urbanization; well innovative analyses data standardised monitoring schemes opportunistic historical collections citizen science. Linking these complementary approaches helps detect mechanisms influencing responses interacting drivers inform 4. The impetus debate provoked high profile reports declines promote conservation, but also obtain comprehensive evidence biodiversity thus develop communicate measures mitigate threats ecosystems change.

Language: Английский

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Genomic Basis of Circannual Rhythm in the European Corn Borer Moth

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(20), P. 3501 - 3509.e5

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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The role of climate change in pollinator decline across the Northern Hemisphere is underestimated

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 775, P. 145788 - 145788

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

Language: Английский

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