Coral restoration and adaptation in Australia: The first five years

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. e0273325 - e0273325

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

While coral reefs in Australia have historically been a showcase of conventional management informed by research, recent declines cover triggered efforts to innovate and integrate intervention restoration actions into frameworks. Here we outline the multi-faceted approaches that developed since 2017, from newly implemented in-water programs, research enhance resilience investigations socio-economic perspectives on goals. We describe projects using gardening, substrate stabilisation, repositioning, macro-algae removal, larval-based techniques. Three areas focus are also presented illustrate breadth Australian restoration, (1) transdisciplinary Reef Restoration Adaptation Program (RRAP), one world’s largest development programs focused reefs, (2) interventions performance under climate change, (3) socio-cultural perspectives. Together, these reflect an increasing urgency for action confront reef crisis, develop new additional tools manage consequent increase funding opportunities appetite implementation. The rapid progress trialling deploying builds decades overseas experience, advances showing positive signs can be valuable tool improve at local scales (i.e., high early survival rates across variety methods species, strong community engagement with stakeholders). RRAP is creating help multiple scales, micro targeting small within specific site) large core ecosystem function social-economic values select sites Great Barrier Reef) resist, adapt recover impacts change. None aim single-handedly restore entirety Reef, nor do they negate importance urgent change mitigation action.

Language: Английский

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Translating the 10 golden rules of reforestation for coral reef restoration

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(4)

Published: Jan. 25, 2022

Efforts are accelerating to protect and restore ecosystems globally. With trillions of dollars in ecosystem services at stake, no clear framework exists for developing or prioritizing approaches coral reefs even as efforts investment opportunities do so grow worldwide. Restoration may buy time climate change mitigation, but it lacks rigorous guidance meet objectives scalability effectiveness. Lessons from restoration terrestrial can should be rapidly adopted reef restoration. We propose how the 10 golden rules effective forest translated accelerate based on established principles resilience, management, local stewardship. summarize steps undertake a management strategy context diverse service values that provide. Outlining blueprint is timely more stakeholders seek UN Decade Ecosystem begins.Traducción de las Diez Reglas Oro la Reforestación para Restauración los Arrecifes Coral Resumen Cada vez son más esfuerzos proteger y restaurar ecosistemas nivel mundial. Con billones dólares en servicios ambientales juego, existe un marco trabajo desarrollar o priorizar estrategias restauración arrecifes incluso cuando todo el mundo aumentan oportunidades inversión. Puede que gane tiempo mitigación del cambio climático, pero carece directrices rigurosas cumplir objetivos adaptabilidad eficacia. Las lecciones ha brindado terrestres pueden deben adoptarse rápidamente coral. Proponemos una traducción diez reglas doradas forestal efectiva acelerar con base principios establecidos resiliencia, gestión administración local. Resumimos pasos emprender como estrategia manejo contexto valores diversos ambientales. Estamos delinear proyecto conforme actores buscan inicio Década ONU Ecosistemas.

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Horizon scan of rapidly advancing coral restoration approaches for 21st century reef management

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 125 - 136

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Coral reef restoration activity is accelerating worldwide in efforts to offset the rate of health declines. Many advances have already been made practices centred on coral biology (coral restoration), and particularly those that look employ high adaptive state capacity corals order ensure rebuilding biomass also equip reefs with enhanced resilience future stress. We horizon scan state-of-play for many innovations underway across complex life cycle spans both asexual sexual reproduction — assisted evolution (manipulations targeted host host-associated microbes), biobanking, as well scalable propagation planting how these are different stages maturity support new 21st century management frameworks. Realising potential tools aids undoubtedly rests validating approaches their application continues scale. Whilst ecosystem service responses increased scaling still largely remain be seen, has delivered immense understanding coral-associated microbial long lagged behind other sciences.

Language: Английский

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Adoption of coral propagation and out-planting via the tourism industry to advance site stewardship on the northern Great Barrier Reef

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 225, P. 106199 - 106199

Published: May 16, 2022

Language: Английский

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Toward bio‐optical phenotyping of reef‐forming corals using Light‐Induced Fluorescence Transient‐Fast Repetition Rate fluorometry

Limnology and Oceanography Methods, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 172 - 191

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Active chlorophyll a fluorometry is well‐established tool for noninvasively diagnosing coral functional state, but has not yet been developed as rapid phenotyping (functional screening) platform agriculture and forestry. Here, we present proof‐of‐concept using Light‐Induced Fluorescence Transient‐Fast Repetition Rate (LIFT‐FRRf) to identify photobiological‐based phenotypes in the context of rapidly scaling propagation practices on northern Great Barrier Reef. For example, resolving light niche plasticity inform transplantation, identifying functionally diverse colonies maximize stock selection. We first used optically laboratory‐reared corals endosymbiont (Symbiodiniaceae) isolates develop approach integrating FRRf instantaneous kinetic parameters (light harvesting, electron turnover rates) light‐dependent (dynamic “quenching” terms, saturating intensity [ E K ]). Subsequent field‐based LIFT‐FRRf from selective (2‐4 m depth) reef habitat revealed that widely topographically dispersed plating Acropora taxa exhibited broad ( variance) underpinned by multiple were predominantly differentiated minimum capacity; fluorometer configurations cannot resolve will thus likely have more limited capacity phenotypes. As such, potential terms variants across environments (growth, transplantation). In contrast, Pocillopora verrucosa , Echinopora lamellosa ) with relatively restricted topographic dispersion less only single phenotypes, thereby imposing constraints propagation. discuss core technical, operational, conceptual steps required sophisticated platforms.

Language: Английский

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Shifting reef restoration focus from coral survivorship to biodiversity using Reef Carpets

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

To enhance the practice of farmed-coral transplantation, we conducted a trial an approach called "Reef Carpets" (RC), which draws inspiration from commercial turf-grass sod in land-based lawn gardening. Three 8.4m

Language: Английский

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Contingency planning for coral reefs in the Anthropocene; The potential of reef safe havens

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 107 - 124

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Reducing the global reliance on fossil fuels is essential to ensure long-term survival of coral reefs, but until this happens, alternative tools are required safeguard their future. One emerging tool locate areas where corals surviving well despite changing climate. Such locations include refuges, refugia, hotspots resilience, bright spots, contemporary near-pristine and hope spots that collectively named reef ‘safe havens' in mini-review. Safe havens have intrinsic value for reefs through services such as environmental buffering, maintaining conditions, or housing naturally adapted future conditions. Spatial temporal variance physicochemical conditions exposure stress however preclude certainty over ubiquitous capacity safe maintain protective service provision. To effectively integrate into proactive management contingency planning climate change scenarios, thus requires an understanding differences, potential values, predispositions stress. purpose, I provide a high-level review defining characteristics different havens, how they being utilised what risk susceptibilities inherently have. The mini-review concludes with outline haven habitats support under uncertain from intensifying change.

Language: Английский

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Experimental considerations of acute heat stress assays to quantify coral thermal tolerance

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 7, 2022

Abstract Understanding the distribution and abundance of heat tolerant corals across seascapes is imperative for predicting responses to climate change support novel management actions. Thermal tolerance variable in intrinsic extrinsic drivers are not well understood. Traditional experimental evaluations coral bleaching typically involve ramp-and-hold experiments run days weeks within aquarium facilities with limits colony replication. Field-based acute stress assays have emerged as an alternative approach rapidly quantify many samples yet role key methodological considerations on response measured remains unresolved. Here, we effects fragment size, sampling time point, physiological measures adult corals. The effect size differed between species ( Acropora tenuis Pocillopora damicornis ). Most parameters here declined over (tissue colour, chlorophyll- a protein content) from onset heating, exception maximum photosynthetic efficiency F v / m ) which was surprisingly stable this scale. Based our experiments, identified efficiency, tissue colour change, host-specific such catalase activity rapid quantification thermal tolerance. We recommend that future applications include larger fragments (> 9 cm 2 where possible sample 10 24 h after end stress. A validated high-throughput combined cost-effective genomic measurements underpins development markers maps ocean warming scenarios.

Language: Английский

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Active coral propagation outcomes on coral communities at high-value Great Barrier Reef tourism sites

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 279, P. 109930 - 109930

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cost‐effectiveness of tourism‐led coral planting at scale on the northern Great Barrier Reef

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(4)

Published: March 13, 2024

Stakeholder‐led coral reef restoration efforts, aimed at locally retaining or rebuilding populations, have rapidly grown over the last two decades. However, cost‐effectiveness—and in turn viability—of projects remains rarely reported. We therefore evaluated planting (often termed “outplanting”) cost‐effectiveness across first 3.5 years of Coral Nurture Program (CNP), a approach integrated within tourism operations on Australia's Great Barrier Reef. CNP operator activity reporting forms (63,632 corals planted, 5 operators, and 23 sites) were used to opportunistically calculate costs (PC; US$ −1 trip ) for “routine” versus when additional stewardship activities—that regulate effectiveness—were undertaken (e.g., nursery maintenance). Mean PC (±standard error) was US$2.34 ± 0.20 (ranging US$0.78–6.03, 5th–95th percentile), but increased 2‐ ‐6‐fold trips where propagation, site maintenance, staff training conducted support efforts. The “realized” cost (PC R establishing biomass subsequently determined by evaluating survivorship planted space (9 sites, single survey timepoint, n = 4,723 up 3 old) time (2 9–12 months, 600 corals), resulting increasing from 25–71%. demonstrate how integration practices into creates potential cost‐effective “high‐value” discuss important steps improving cost‐accounting stakeholder‐led programs that may be similarly positioned routinely determine their cost‐effectiveness.

Language: Английский

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