Annals of Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 51 - 58
Published: May 25, 2021
Language: Английский
The Lancet Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(11), P. e966 - e975
Published: Nov. 1, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
192
JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. e2233429 - e2233429
Published: Sept. 27, 2022
Importance Area-level factors have been identified as important social determinants of health (SDoH) that impact many health-related outcomes. Less is known about how the vulnerability index (SVI), a scalable composite score, can multidimensionally explain population-based cancer screening program uptake at county level. Objective To examine geographic variation US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)–recommended breast, cervical, and colorectal rates association between county-level SVI 3 rates. Design, Setting, Participants This cross-sectional study used information from Centers for Disease Control Prevention’s PLACES data sets 2018 3141 counties. Analyses were conducted October 2021 to February 2022. Exposures Social score categorized in quintiles. Main Outcomes Measures The main outcome was USPSTF guideline-concordant, up-to-date screenings. Odds ratios calculated each by quintile unadjusted (only accounting eligible population per county) or adjusted urban-rural status, percentage uninsured adults, primary care physician rate 100 000 residents. Results Across counties, showed regional disparities ranging 54.0% 81.8% breast screening, 69.9% 89.7% cervical 39.8% 74.4% screening. multivariable regression model higher significantly associated with lower odds lowest highest quintile. When comparing (SVI-Q5) (SVI-Q1), ratio 0.86 (95% posterior credible interval [CrI], 0.84-0.87) 0.80 CrI, 0.79-0.81) 0.72 0.71-0.73) fully adjusted, 0.92 0.90-0.93) 0.87 0.86-0.88) 0.85-0.88) showing slightly attenuated associations. Conclusions Relevance In this study, found Quantifying associates could provide insight into design focus future interventions targeting prevention disparities.
Language: Английский
Citations
66
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17
Published: May 2, 2022
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has placed massive socio-psychological, health, and economic burdens including deaths on countless lives; however, it disproportionally impacted certain populations. Co-occurring Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) disparities other underlying determinants have exacerbated the COVID-19 pandemic. This literature review sought to (1) examine focused SDoH outcomes ie, infectivity, hospitalization, death rates among marginalized communities; (2) identify associated with outcomes. We searched electronic databases for studies published from October 2021. Studies that were selected those intersecting indicators conducted in United States. Our underscored disproportionate vulnerabilities adverse racial/ethnic minority communities disadvantaged groups (ie, senior citizens, displaced/homeless individuals). indicators, race/ethnicity, poverty, median income level, housing density, insecurity, health-care access, occupation, transportation/commuting patterns, education, air quality, food old age, etc. concluded recommendations a call action integrate along relevant health data when implementing intelligent solutions intervention strategies pandemic response/recovery vulnerable
Language: Английский
Citations
60
BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. e048086 - e048086
Published: July 1, 2021
The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affected the socially vulnerable and minority communities in USA initially, but temporal trends during year-long remain unknown.
Language: Английский
Citations
58
The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18, P. 100403 - 100403
Published: Dec. 2, 2022
Sero-surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can reveal trends and differences in subgroups capture undetected or unreported infections that are not included case-based surveillance systems. Cross-sectional, convenience samples remnant sera from clinical laboratories 51 U.S. jurisdictions were assayed for infection-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibodies biweekly October 25, 2020, to July 11, 2021, monthly September 6, February 26, 2022. Test results analyzed infection-induced, nucleocapsid-protein seroprevalence using mixed effects models adjusted demographic variables assay type. Analyses 1,469,792 serum specimens revealed increased 8.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.9%–8.1%) November 2020 58.2% (CI: 57.4%–58.9%) The ratio the change estimated reported case prevalence was 2.8 2.8–2.9) during winter 2020–2021, 2.3 2.0–2.5) summer 3.1 3.0–3.3) 2021–2022. Change ratios ranged 2.6 2.3–2.8) 3.5 3.3–3.7) by region Ratios suggest a high proportion detected periods transmission. largest increases coincided with spread B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant accessibility home testing. varied season highest midwestern southern United States Our demonstrate counts did fully differing underlying infection rates value sero-surveillance understanding full burden infection. Levels antibody seroprevalence, particularly spikes transmission, important contextualize vaccine effectiveness data as susceptibility population changes. This work supported Centers Disease Control Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Language: Английский
Citations
44
Annals of Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 64, P. 76 - 82
Published: Sept. 6, 2021
Early COVID-19 mitigation relied on people staying home except for essential trips. The ability to stay may differ by sociodemographic factors. We analyzed how factors related social vulnerability impact a community's during stay-at-home order.Using generalized, linear mixed models stratified order (mandatory or not mandatory), we county-level behavior (inferred from mobile devices) period when majority of United States counties had orders (April 7-April 20, 2020) with the Centers Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index (CDC SVI).Counties higher percentages single-parent households, homes, persons lower educational attainment were associated compared respective percentages. Counties unemployment, limited-English-language speakers, more multi-unit housing increases in Stronger effects found mandatory orders.Sociodemographic orders. Communities have workers without work-from-home options fewer resources extended periods, which increase risk COVID-19. Results are useful tailoring messaging, vaccine delivery, public health responses future outbreaks.
Language: Английский
Citations
42
JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 114(8), P. 1176 - 1185
Published: April 14, 2022
Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is associated with increased insurance coverage among patients cancer. Whether these gains translate to improved survival largely unknown. This study examines changes in 2-year newly diagnosed cancer following ACA expansion.Patients aged 18-62 years from 42 states' population-based registries pre (2010-2012) and post (2014-2016) were followed through September 30, 2013, December 31, 2017, respectively. Difference-in-differences (DD) analysis of overall was stratified by sex, race ethnicity, census tract-level poverty, rurality.A total 2 555 302 included (n = 1 523 585) nonexpansion 031 717) states. The 80.58% pre-ACA 82.23% post-ACA states 78.71% 80.04% states, resulting a net increase 0.44 percentage points (ppt) (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24ppt 0.64ppt) after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. By site, greater colorectal (DD 0.90ppt, 95% CI 0.19ppt 1.60ppt), lung 1.29ppt, 0.50ppt 2.08ppt), non-Hodgkin lymphoma 1.07ppt, 0.14ppt 1.99ppt), pancreatic 1.80ppt, 0.40ppt 3.21ppt), liver 2.57ppt, 1.00ppt 4.15ppt). improvement larger non-Hispanic Black 0.72ppt, 0.12ppt 1.31ppt) residing rural areas 1.48ppt, CI= -0.26ppt 3.23ppt), leading narrowing disparities rurality.Medicaid survival, prominent Blacks areas, highlighting role reducing health disparities. Future studies should monitor longer-term outcomes ACA.
Language: Английский
Citations
37
Public Health Nursing, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(5), P. 1142 - 1155
Published: April 7, 2022
Social factors can affect the vulnerability of disaster-prone communities. This review aimed to identify and categorize social indicators in COVID-19 pandemic.
Language: Английский
Citations
34
International Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 67
Published: Aug. 29, 2022
Objectives: International evidence of socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes is extensive and growing, but less known about the temporal dynamics these over course pandemic. Methods: We systematically searched Embase Scopus databases. Additionally, several relevant journals reference lists all included articles were hand-searched. This study follows PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Results: Forty-six studies included. Of analyses, 91.4% showed stable or increasing pandemic, with socioeconomically disadvantaged populations being most affected. Furthermore, results COVID-19, frequently initiated through higher incidence mortality rates better-off subsequent crossover to (41.9% analyses). Conclusion: The identified have public health implications. Socioeconomic should be monitored time enable adaption prevention interventions according social particularities specific pandemic phases.
Language: Английский
Citations
32
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 45 - 45
Published: March 6, 2022
The study of the spatial differentiation COVID-19 in cities and its driving mechanism is helpful to reveal distribution pattern, transmission diffusion model, evolution epidemic can lay foundation for constructing dynamics model provide theoretical basis policy design, planning implementation prevention control social governance. Geodetector (Origin version, Beijing, China) a great tool analysis influencing factors, it provides decision support differentiated design executing city-specific policies. Using factor detection interaction Geodetector, 15 indicators economic, social, ecological, environmental dimensions were integrated, 143 selected empirical research China. shows that, first all, risks both infection death show positive autocorrelation, but geographical local autocorrelation differs significantly between two. Secondly, inequalities urban residential environments interact with heterogeneity, stronger explanatory power especially when multidimensional are superimposed. Thirdly, spread highly spatially heterogeneous correlated due complex influence multiple factors such as Area Urban Construction Land, GDP, Industrial Smoke Dust Emission, Expenditure having strongest influence, Green, Number Hospital Beds Parks, NOx Emissions unignorable while Free Parks Enterprises, Per-GDP, Population Density play an indirect role mainly by means interaction. Fourthly, effect from infected person's perspective nonlinear enhancement effect, that is, joint two greater than sum their direct influences; dead, two-factor maximum influences less sum. Fifthly, some suggestions put forward perspectives building healthy, resilient, safe, smart city, providing valuable reference city governments carry out design.
Language: Английский
Citations
31