COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: a scoping review

Global Health Research and Policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 19, 2022

Abstract Background Vaccination against the novel coronavirus is one of most effective strategies for combating global Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, vaccine hesitancy has emerged as a major obstacle in several regions world, including Africa. The objective this rapid review was to summarize literature on COVID-19 Methods We searched Scopus, Web Science, African Index Medicus, and OVID Medline studies published from January 1, 2020, March 8, 2022, examining acceptance or towards Study characteristics reasons were extracted included articles. Results A total 71 articles met eligibility criteria review. Majority (n = 25, 35%) conducted Ethiopia. Studies Botswana, Cameroun, Cote D’Ivoire, DR Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe also rate ranged 6.9 97.9%. concerns with safety side effects, lack trust pharmaceutical industries misinformation conflicting information media. Factors associated positive attitudes being male, having higher level education, fear contracting virus. Conclusions Our demonstrated contextualized multifaceted inhibiting encouraging uptake countries. This evidence key operationalizing interventions based facts opposed assumptions. paper provided important considerations addressing challenge blunting impact pandemic

Language: Английский

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic across Africa: Current Status of Vaccinations and Implications for the Future

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 1553 - 1553

Published: Sept. 17, 2022

The introduction of effective vaccines in December 2020 marked a significant step forward the global response to COVID-19. Given concerns with access, acceptability, and hesitancy across Africa, there is need describe current status vaccine uptake continent. An exploratory study was undertaken investigate these aspects, challenges, lessons learnt Africa provide future direction. Senior personnel 14 African countries completed self-administered questionnaire, descriptive analysis data. Vaccine roll-out commenced March 2021 most countries. COVID-19 vaccination coverage varied from low Cameroon Tanzania up 39.85% full Botswana at end 2021; that is, all doses advocated by initial protocols versus total population, rates increasing 58.4% June 2022. greatest increase people being fully vaccinated observed Uganda (20.4% increase), (18.5% Zambia (17.9% increase). Most were obtained through WHO-COVAX agreements. Initially, prioritised for healthcare workers (HCWs), elderly, adults co-morbidities, other at-risk groups, now commencing among children administering booster doses. Challenges included irregular supply considerable arising misinformation fuelled social media activities. Overall, fair reasonable access countries, enhanced government initiatives. must be addressed context-specific interventions, including proactive programmes HCWs, medical journalists, public.

Language: Английский

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Factors Influencing the Intention and Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccines on the African Continent: A Scoping Review

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 873 - 873

Published: April 20, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is a severe concern worldwide, particularly in Africa. Vaccines are crucial the fight against pandemic. This scoping review examined existing literature from 2020 to 2022 on individual, interpersonal, and structural barriers facilitators vaccination within Africa facilitate more informed health promotion interventions improve vaccine uptake. was conducted using Arksey O’Malley’s five-stage methodological framework. A comprehensive search undertaken 2021 six electronic databases: EBSCOhost, PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, WorldCat Discovery, Google Scholar. Data collected, charted into themes, summarized standard data extraction sheet Microsoft Excel. total forty (n = 40) published academic articles were reviewed, with many Nigeria 10), followed by Ethiopia 5) Ghana 4) rest elsewhere Thematic narratives used report themes: attitudes perceptions about vaccines, intention uptake vaccines; factors associated uptake; socio-demographic determinants affecting information sources for vaccines. ranged 25% 80.9%, resulting suboptimal rate (54.2%) African continent. Factors that promoted acceptance included confidence vaccines desire protect people. Age, education, gender most common significantly acceptance. Most studies revealed considerable exist Concerns potential side effects, ineffectiveness, perceived lack information, inaccessibility among unwillingness receive strongly correlated being female. Mass social media main regarding To encourage uptake, governments should pay attention refuting misinformation through integrated community-based approaches, such as creating messages convey than just information.

Language: Английский

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Persisting Vaccine Hesitancy in Africa: The Whys, Global Public Health Consequences and Ways-Out—COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Rates as Case-in-Point

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1934 - 1934

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is the seventh among WHO’s top 10 threats to global public health, which has continued perpetuate transmission of vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) in Africa. Consequently, this paper systematically reviewed COVID-19 acceptance rates (VARs)—including uptake and vaccination intention—in Africa from 2020 2022, compared within five African regions determined context-specific causes VH Generally, VARs ranged 21.0% 97.9% 8.2% 92.0% with mean 59.8 ± 3.8% 58.0 2.4% 2021 respectively. Southern eastern had two 83.5 6.3% 68.9 6.6% 2021, 64.2 4.6% 61.2 5.1% Based on population types, healthcare workers a marginal increase their 55.5 5.6% 60.8 5.3% 2022. In other populations, decreased 62.7 5.2% 54.5 4% As 25 October lags behind world only 24% full vaccinations 84%, 79% 63% reported, respectively, Australian continent, upper-middle-income countries globally. Apart problems confidence, complacency, convenience, communications context, factors driving are inequality, lack production/maintenance facilities, insecurity, high illiteracy level, endemic corruption, mistrust some political leaders, spreading unconfirmed anti-vaccination rumors instability. With an overall rate 58%, still subsists The low have detrimental health implications, as it could facilitate emergence immune invading SARS-CoV-2 variants concern, may spread there need confront these challenges frontally engage traditional religious leaders fight against Africa, restore trust safety efficacy vaccines generally. availability improves, pets zoo-animals reverse zoonotic been reported recommended, limit evolution new concern avert possible epizootic or panzootic susceptible animal species.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in South Africa: Lessons for Future Pandemics

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 6694 - 6694

Published: May 30, 2022

Vaccine hesitancy, long considered a global health threat, poses major barrier to effective roll-out of COVID-19 vaccination. With less than half (45%) adult South Africans currently fully vaccinated, we identified factors affecting non-uptake vaccination and vaccine hesitancy in order identify key groups be targeted when embarking upon promotion campaigns. A cross-sectional, anonymous online survey was undertaken among the African population September 2021. Our research race, interactive-critical literacy, trust government's ability roll out programme, flu status risk perception for infection as influencing uptake Respondents who did not were almost 13 times more likely vaccine-hesitant compared those respondents government. Reliable, easy-to-understand information regarding safety vaccines is needed, but it also important that communication strategies include broader trust-building measures enhance Africans' effectively safely. This may case other countries where distrust governments' prevails.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: a systematic review of barriers to the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine among adults in Nigeria

Bulletin of the National Research Centre/Bulletin of the National Research Center, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(1)

Published: March 21, 2023

Abstract Background Since the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) disease was reported in 2019, huge human and material resources have been expended globally to combat spread disease. Achieving herd immunity through mass vaccination remains an important strategy adopt war against this since it is practically impossible for 60–70% population achieve natural infection alone. Unfortunately, there widespread reports COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. This study aims systematically review literature provide up-to-date assessment acceptance rates also explore factors impacting hesitancy among adults Nigeria. Main body abstract A systematic search indexed electronic peer-reviewed published from 2019 onwards conducted Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost databases according PRISMA checklist Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) reporting guidelines. Fifteen out 148 studies retrieved, met inclusion criteria these were critically appraised using Centre Evidence-Based Medicine Critical Appraisal Mixed Methods Tool, version 2018. Basic descriptive statistic (percentage) employed analysis various subgroups Nigeria, while a thematic facilitators barriers uptake Nigeria conducted. Acceptance ranging 24.3% 49.5% observed across four high-risk populations low-risk ranged 26.0% 86.2%. Themes such as socio-demographic factors, perception risk concerns about vaccine's safety efficacy act interchangeably vaccines, whereas political conspiracy theories, cost primarily uptake. Short conclusion Substantial heterogeneity More than half reviewed below 60.0%. multidisciplinary approach recommended engaging stakeholders, effectively address

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. e13037 - e13037

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Vaccination is the most effective intervention for primary prevention of COVID-19. Several studies have been conducted in sub-Saharan African countries on acceptance and associated factors COVID-19 vaccine. This review meta-analysis aimed to recapitulate pooled magnitude vaccine its favoring countries. PUBMED, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Web Science, SCOPUS were main databases searched from 15 March 5 June 2022; all articles written English language included. Also, some retrieved biomedical peer-reviewed journal sites Google scholar. The quality thirty-five selected was evaluated using an adapted scale evaluating cross-sectional based Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. result revealed that rate varied across studies. In a analysis, such as; higher-level perception infection risk (OR (95% CI (2.7 (2.1, 3.4))), perceived safety (13.9 (9.2, 20.9)), virus-related good knowledge (2.3, 3.2)) appropriate attitude (5.9 (4.4, 7.8)), adherence precautions (5.5 (4.8, 6.2)), experience (4.4 (2.8, 6.9)) positively affected acceptance. found be high among males chronically ill individuals. Thus, understanding enhance would support planners augment uptake region.

Language: Английский

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Vaccine Hesitancy Hotspots in Africa: An Insight From Geotagged Twitter Posts

IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 1325 - 1338

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Many social media users express concerns about vaccines and their side effects on Twitter. These lead to a compromise of confidence which brings vaccine hesitancy. In Africa, hesitancy is major challenge faced by health policymakers in the fight against COVID-19. Given that most tweets are geotagged, clustering them according sentiments could help identify locations may likely experience for policy planning. this study, we collected 70 000 geotagged vaccine-related nine African countries, from December 2020 February 2022. The were classified into three sentiment classes—positive, negative, neutral. quality classification outputs was achieved using Naíve Bayes (NB), logistic regression (LR), support vector machines (SVMs), decision tree (DT), K-nearest neighbor (KNN) machine learning classifiers. LR highest accuracy 71% with an average area under curve 85%. point-based location technique used calculate hotspots based tweets. Locations green, red, gray backgrounds map signify hotspot positive, neutral sentiments. outcome research shows discussions can be analyzed during disease outbreak, inform planning management Africa.

Language: Английский

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COVID‐19 vaccination in Nigeria: Challenges and recommendations for future vaccination initiatives

Public Health Challenges, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Abstract The COVID‐19 vaccination program is the most extensive held in Nigeria to date. As of September 21, 2022, more than 31 million people have been fully vaccinated which made up 15% entire population. Following global goal, was expected vaccinate 40% its population 2021 and reach 70% threshold before end 2022. Currently, nowhere near goal due various challenges encountered by program. Challenges such as distrust government, poor cold‐chain management, communication during onset all contributed inability attain set goal. With pledge Global Alliance for Vaccines Immunizations extend malaria other Sub‐Saharan African countries after success first dose Ghana, Kenya, Malawi recent reemergence monkeypox virus Africa also requires curtail spread, it important that Nigeria, preparation these programs, learn from some take actions ensure greater future programs country. This paper aims give an overview highlight encountered, provide recommendations better initiatives

Language: Английский

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Youth and the pandemic: health information imaginaries and practices while navigating COVID-19 in Nigeria

Frontiers in Communication, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

This study explores young adults’ perceptions, behaviors, and how they navigated pandemic-related information, drawing from social cognitive theory. In the digital age, people, characterized as “digital informavores,” actively seek, consume, share playing a crucial role in health communication. The research, involving participants aged 18–30 two urban centers Nigeria, focused on COVID-19 socio-health concerns, including distancing, masking, sanitizing, movement restrictions, vaccination, infection, testing, treatment. analysis, employing lens, following critical thematic approach, indicates that degree of infodemic exposure experienced during pandemic impacted participants’ understanding, attitudes, risk perceptions. Participants primarily relied sources support systems for information. Their self-efficacy well pandemic-induced affectations, were evident throughout data. Attitudes toward evolved its onset, through announcement easing national lockdown, to vaccination rollout. Dominant perceptions included use “copy paste solutions” Nigeria’s response, denialism, politicization pandemic, leading mistrust government authorities. pandemic’s impacts mental issues economic hardship, particularly country lacking security or welfare plans. Following low rate among participants, data revealed vaccine lethargy, “vaccinformation void,” misinformation, distrust, inaccessibility, due various reasons factors at play. Some adults adhered rules fear anxiety, while others nonchalant, overwhelmed by discouraged others’ non-compliance. imaginaries behaviors influenced sociocultural intermediaries, religious political actors, socio-economic conditions.

Language: Английский

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