Viruses,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(2), P. 176 - 176
Published: Jan. 26, 2025
The
platypus
(Ornithorhynchus
anatinus),
a
unique
monotreme,
represents
pivotal
point
in
mammalian
evolution
with
its
distinctive
traits,
such
as
electroreception
and
venom
production.
Despite
evolutionary
significance,
the
viral
diversity
within
platypuses
remains
poorly
understood.
This
study
employed
next-generation
sequencing
to
investigate
virome
of
dead
platypuses,
uncovering
range
novel
divergent
viruses.
Among
identified
viruses
were
four
complete
genomes
papillomaviruses
(OaPV1–4)
exhibiting
substantial
divergence
from
known
strains,
suggesting
genus
subfamily
Secondpapillomavirinae.
Additionally,
five
parvoviruses
detected,
including
two
genomes,
highlighting
complex
ecosystem
platypus.
Phylogenetic
analysis
placed
these
branches,
further
demonstrating
platypus’s
significance.
A
circular
DNA
virus,
tombus-like
nodamuvirus
also
identified,
expanding
understanding
monotremes.
These
findings
offer
crucial
insights
into
one
most
lineages,
emphasising
need
for
exploration
assess
ecological
pathological
impacts
on
populations.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
546(7660), P. 646 - 650
Published: June 20, 2017
Analysis
of
a
comprehensive
database
mammalian
host–virus
relationships
reveals
that
both
the
total
number
viruses
infect
given
species
and
proportion
likely
to
be
zoonotic
are
predictable
this
enables
identification
geographic
locations
where
novel
zoonoses
found.
Zoonotic
viruses,
many
originating
in
wild
mammals,
pose
serious
threat
global
public
health.
Peter
Daszak
colleagues
create
relationships,
which
they
analyse
determine
patterns
virus
distribution
mammals.
They
identify
various
factors
influence
diversity
as
well
predict
per
species.
In
doing
so,
The
majority
human
emerging
infectious
diseases
zoonotic,
with
originate
mammals
particular
concern
(for
example,
HIV,
Ebola
SARS)1,2,3.
Understanding
viral
wildlife
determinants
successful
cross-species
transmission,
or
spillover,
therefore
key
goals
for
pandemic
surveillance
programs4.
However,
few
analytical
tools
exist
host
harbour
next
virus,
can
cross
boundaries5,6,7.
Here
we
conduct
analysis
show
predictable.
After
controlling
research
effort,
is
predicted
by
phylogenetic
relatedness
humans,
taxonomy
population
within
range—which
may
reflect
human–wildlife
contact.
We
demonstrate
bats
significantly
higher
than
all
other
orders.
also
taxa
regions
largest
estimated
'missing
viruses'
zoonoses'
highest
value
future
surveillance.
then
breadth
traits
significant
predictors
potential,
providing
framework
assess
if
newly
discovered
could
people.
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
10(7), P. a038489 - a038489
Published: Dec. 23, 2019
The
patterns
and
processes
of
influenza
virus
evolution
are
fundamental
importance,
underpinning
such
traits
as
the
propensity
to
emerge
in
new
host
species
ability
rapidly
generate
antigenic
variation.
Herein,
we
review
key
aspects
ecology
viruses.
We
begin
with
an
exploration
origins
viruses
within
orthomyxoviruses,
showing
how
our
perception
evolutionary
history
these
has
been
transformed
metagenomic
sequencing.
then
outline
diversity
subtypes
different
by
which
have
emerged
hosts,
a
particular
focus
on
role
played
segment
reassortment.
turn
attention
documenting
spread
phylodynamics
seasonal
A
B
human
populations,
including
drivers
evolution,
finish
discussion
at
scale
individual
hosts.
Molecular Ecology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 17, 2025
ABSTRACT
Rhinolophus
bats
have
been
identified
as
natural
reservoirs
for
viruses
with
global
health
implications,
including
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome–related
coronaviruses
(SARSr‐CoV)
and
swine
diarrhoea
syndrome‐related
coronavirus
(SADSr‐CoV).
In
this
study,
we
characterised
the
individual
viromes
of
603
to
systematically
investigate
diversity,
abundance
geographic
distribution
viral
communities
within
R.
affinis
,
sinicus
11
other
bat
species.
The
massive
metatranscriptomic
data
revealed
substantial
genome
resources
133
vertebrate‐infecting
clusters,
which
contain
occasional
cross‐species
transmission
across
mammalian
orders
especially
families.
Notably,
those
included
nine
clusters
closely
related
human
and/or
livestock
pathogens,
such
SARS‐CoVs
SADS‐CoVs.
investigation
also
highlighted
distinct
features
diversity
between
colonies,
appear
be
influenced
by
host
population
genetics
comparison
SARSr‐CoVs
further
showed
varied
impact
specificity
along
genome‐wide
diversification
modular
evolution
among
Overall,
findings
point
a
complex
interaction
genetic
way
spread
structure
populations,
calling
continued
surveillance
efforts
understand
factors
driving
emergence
in
populations.
These
results
present
underestimated
spillover
risk
viruses,
highlighting
importance
enhancing
preparedness
emerging
zoonotic
viruses.
Science,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
357(6347), P. 149 - 152
Published: July 14, 2017
The
term
“pathogen
emergence”
encompasses
everything
from
previously
unidentified
viruses
entering
the
human
population
to
established
pathogens
invading
new
populations
and
evolution
of
drug
resistance.
Mathematical
models
emergent
allow
forecasts
case
numbers,
investigation
transmission
mechanisms,
evaluation
control
options.
Yet,
there
are
numerous
limitations
pitfalls
their
use,
often
driven
by
data
scarcity.
Growing
availability
on
pathogen
genetics
ecology,
coupled
with
computational
methodological
innovations,
is
amplifying
power
inform
public
health
response
emergence
events.
Tighter
integration
infectious
disease
practice
development
resources
at
ready
has
potential
increase
timeliness
quality
responses.
PLoS Pathogens,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
11(3), P. e1004728 - e1004728
Published: March 16, 2015
Emerging
infectious
diseases
are
often
the
result
of
a
host
shift,
where
pathogen
originates
from
different
species.
Virulence--the
harm
does
to
its
host-can
be
extremely
high
following
shift
(for
example
Ebola,
HIV,
and
SARs),
while
other
shifts
may
go
undetected
as
they
cause
few
symptoms
in
new
host.
Here
we
examine
how
virulence
varies
across
species
by
carrying
out
large
cross
infection
experiment
using
48
Drosophilidae
an
RNA
virus.
Host
resulted
dramatic
variation
virulence,
with
benign
infections
some
rapid
death
others.
The
change
was
highly
predictable
phylogeny,
hosts
clustering
together
distinct
clades
displaying
or
low
virulence.
High
levels
associated
viral
loads,
this
determine
transmission
rate
