Within-host evolution of a gut pathobiont facilitates liver translocation

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 607(7919), P. 563 - 570

Published: July 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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On-person adaptive evolution of Staphylococcus aureus during treatment for atopic dermatitis

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(4), P. 593 - 603.e7

Published: April 1, 2023

The opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus frequently colonizes the inflamed skin of people with atopic dermatitis (AD) and worsens disease severity by promoting damage. Here, we show, longitudinally tracking 23 children treated for AD, that S. adapts via de novo mutations during colonization. Each patient's population is dominated a single lineage, infrequent invasion distant lineages. Mutations emerge within each lineage at rates similar to those in other contexts. Some variants spread across body months, signatures adaptive evolution. Most strikingly, capsule synthesis gene capD underwent parallel evolution one patient across-body sweeps two patients. We confirm negativity more common AD than contexts, reanalysis genomes from 276 people. Together, these findings highlight importance mutation level when dissecting role microbes complex disease.

Language: Английский

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Metagenomics and artificial intelligence in the context of human health

Infection Genetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 100, P. 105267 - 105267

Published: March 10, 2022

Human microbiome is ubiquitous, dynamic, and site-specific consortia of microbial communities. The pathogenic nature microorganisms within human tissues has led to an increase in studies. Characterization genera, like Streptococcus, Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus Lactobacillus through culture-dependent culture-independent techniques been reported. However, due the unique environment tissues, it difficult culture these making their molecular studies strenuous. MGs offer a gateway explore characterize hidden communities mode by direct DNA isolation. By function sequence-based MGs, Scientists can mechanistic details numerous microbes interaction with niche. Since data generated from highly complex multi-dimensional, requires accurate analytical tools evaluate interpret data. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides luxury automatically learn dimensionality ease its complexity that makes disease diagnosis response easy, timely. This review insight into microbiota exploration expansion MG elucidates significance studying changing during conditions besides highlighting role AI computational analysis

Language: Английский

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From Data to Decisions: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance – a Comprehensive Review

Journal of Medical Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(1)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Abstract The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria poses a significant challenge to modern medicine. In response, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have emerged as powerful tools for combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This review aims explore the role AI/ML in AMR management, with focus on identifying pathogens, understanding patterns, predicting treatment outcomes, discovering new antibiotic agents. Recent advancements enabled efficient analysis large datasets, facilitating reliable prediction trends responses minimal human intervention. ML can analyze genomic data identify genetic markers associated resistance, enabling development targeted strategies. Additionally, techniques show promise optimizing drug administration developing alternatives traditional antibiotics. By analyzing patient clinical these technologies assist healthcare providers diagnosing infections, evaluating their severity, selecting appropriate therapies. While integration settings is still its infancy, quality algorithm suggest that widespread adoption forthcoming. conclusion, holds improving management outcome.

Language: Английский

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Antibacterial Modes of Herbal Flavonoids Combat Resistant Bacteria

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: June 27, 2022

The increasing dissemination of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections endangers global public health. How to develop effective antibacterial agents against bacteria is becoming one the most urgent demands solve drug resistance crisis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with multi-target actions are emerging as an way combat resistance. Based on innovative concept organic wholeness and syndrome differentiation, TCM use in therapies encouraging. Herein, advances flavonoid compounds heat-clearing exhibit their potential for therapy bacteria. In this review, we focus modes herbal flavonoids. Additionally, overview targets divide them into direct-acting (DACs) host-acting (HACs) based action. We also discuss associated functional groups highlight recent pharmacological activities diverse provide candidate drugs clinical infection.

Language: Английский

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Chemical Composition of Cinnamomum verum Leaf and Flower Essential Oils and Analysis of Their Antibacterial, Insecticidal, and Larvicidal Properties

Molecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(20), P. 6303 - 6303

Published: Oct. 19, 2021

Cinnamomum verum is widely used in traditional medicines, and the different parts of plant, such as bark, leaves, flowers, are for essential oil production. The present study compared chemical composition C. extracted from leaves flowers. In addition, efficacy these oils against two common pests Sitophilus oryzae Callosobruchus maculatus was also evaluated. results indicated presence cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, caryophyllene, linalool oils, however, at concentrations. leaf found to be 10–20% more effective a fumigant both pests. Likewise, repel even lower concentrations than that flower verum. Besides, were controlling growth various gram positive negative microbial pathogens possibly safeguard human health. On contrary, safe application on grains, by their germination potentials. It observed do not cause any significant toxicity guppy fishes, thus confirming ecological safety use biopesticide.

Language: Английский

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Biodegradable MoO_x@MB incorporated hydrogel as light-activated dressing for rapid and safe bacteria eradication and wound healing

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 8862 - 8877

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Wounds infected with drug-resistant bacteria are hard to treat, which remains a serious problem in clinical practice. An innovative strategy for treating wound infections is thus imperative. Herein, we describe the construction of nanocomposite from biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel loaded biodegradable MoO

Language: Английский

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NMR-based metabolomics reveals the antibacterial effect of electrolysed water combined with citric acid on Aeromonas spp. in barramundi (Lates calcarifer) fillets

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 112046 - 112046

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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Genomic Analysis of Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from the 3rd Case Identified in the United States Reveals Chromosomal Integration of the vanA Locus

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: March 28, 2023

Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) is a human pathogen of significant public health concern. Although the genome sequences individual VRSA isolates have been published over years, very little known about genetic changes within patient time. A total 11 VRSA, 3 vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and 4 methicillin-resistant S. (MRSA) isolates, collected period 4.5 months in 2004 from long-term-care facility New York State, were sequenced. combination long- short-read sequencing technologies was used to obtain closed assemblies for chromosomes plasmids. Our results indicate that isolate emerged as result transfer multidrug resistance plasmid coinfecting VRE an MRSA isolate. The then integrated into chromosome via homologous recombination mediated between two regions derived remnants transposon Tn5405. Once integrated, underwent further reorganization one isolate, while others lost staphylococcal cassette mec element (SCCmec) determinant confers methicillin-resistance. presented here explain how few events can lead multiple pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns could be mistaken vastly different strains. vanA gene cluster located on continuous propagation resistance, even absence selective pressure antibiotics. comparison sheds light emergence evolution single will enhance our understanding genetics. IMPORTANCE High-level began emerge United States 2002 has since reported worldwide. study reports obtained State. show locus mosaic In some this ant(6)-sat4-aph(3') antibiotic loci. This is, knowledge, first report chromosomal VRSA; effect integration event MIC values stability selection remains poorly understood. These findings highlight need better genetics maintenance address increase vancomycin care setting.

Language: Английский

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From Petri Dishes to Patients to Populations: Scales and Evolutionary Mechanisms Driving Antibiotic Resistance

Annual Review of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78(1), P. 361 - 382

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Tackling the challenge created by antibiotic resistance requires understanding mechanisms behind its evolution. Like any evolutionary process, evolution of antimicrobial (AMR) is driven underlying variation in a bacterial population and selective pressures acting upon it. Importantly, both selection will depend on scale at which considered (from within single patient to host level). While laboratory experiments have generated fundamental insights into evolution, technological advances whole genome sequencing now allow us probe beyond lab directly record it individual patients populations. Here we review forces driving each these scales, highlight gaps our current AMR discuss future steps toward evolution-guided interventions.

Language: Английский

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