Amurian Zoological Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(1), P. 136 - 145
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The
research
discovered
micro-
and
macroconidia
of
fungus
species
from
the
genus
Fusarium
on
body
surface
in
physiological
fluids
H.
vigintioctomaculata.
There
were
a
high
number
hyphae
microconidia
small
(0.4–0.9%)
mouthparts
studied
insects.
Hyphae
numerous
excrements.
Hyphae,
microconidia,
(up
to
20%)
found
legs.
regurgitated
food
contained
4.6%
up
95.4%
macroconidia.
highest
(30%)
with
three
four
constrictions
was
intestines.
It
established
that
conidia
spp.
remained
contagious
after
passing
alimentary
canal
potato
ladybird
beetle.
maximum
degree
damage
observed
plants
infected
contents
intestines
14th
day
infection
(a
96
90%
disease
progression
rate
respectively).
lowest
noted
excrements
64%
rate).
obtained
data
confirmed
could
be
dispersed
through
feeding
migration
vigintioctomaculata
agroecosystems
fields.
PLoS Pathogens,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(2), P. e1011994 - e1011994
Published: Feb. 22, 2024
Entomopathogenic
fungi
(EPF)
infect
insects
by
landing
on
and
penetrating
cuticles.
Emerging
evidence
has
shown
that,
prior
to
the
invasion
of
insects,
fungal
cells
have
battle
overcome
diverse
challenges,
including
host
behavioral
defenses,
colonization
resistance
mediated
ectomicrobiotas,
recognition,
generation
enough
penetration
pressure.
The
ascomycete
EPF
such
as
Metarhizium
Beauveria
can
thus
produce
adhesive
proteins
and/or
exopolysaccharide
mucilage
tightly
glue
Producing
antimicrobial
peptides
chemical
compounds
enable
outcompete
cuticular
defensive
microbes.
use
divergent
membrane
receptors,
accumulation,
quick
degradation
lipid
droplets
in
conidial
help
recognize
proper
hosts
build
up
cellular
turgor
breach
cuticles
for
systematic
invasion.
Further
investigations
are
still
required
unveil
multifaceted
intricate
relationships
between
insect
hosts.
Annual Review of Phytopathology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
62(1), P. 97 - 126
Published: June 17, 2024
Vascular
wilt
fungi
are
a
group
of
hemibiotrophic
phytopathogens
that
infect
diverse
crop
plants.
These
pathogens
have
adapted
to
thrive
in
the
nutrient-deprived
niche
plant
xylem.
Identification
and
functional
characterization
effectors
their
role
establishment
compatibility
across
multiple
hosts,
suppression
defense,
host
reprogramming,
interaction
with
surrounding
microbes
been
studied
mainly
model
vascular
Fusarium
oxysporum
Verticillium
dahliae.
Comparative
analysis
genomes
from
fungal
isolates
has
accelerated
our
understanding
genome
compartmentalization
its
effector
evolution.
Also,
advances
recent
years
shed
light
on
cross
talk
root-infecting
scales
cellular
ecosystem
level,
covering
microbiome
as
well
interkingdom
signaling.
This
review
elaborates
current
between
plant,
which
eventually
leads
specialized
lifestyle
We
particularly
focus
findings
F.
oxysporum,
including
multihost
associations,
how
they
contributed
biology
adaptation
In
addition,
we
discuss
emerging
research
areas
highlight
open
questions
future
challenges.
Biochemical
and
molecular
mechanisms
have
been
essential
to
reduce
various
insect
attacks
on
plants.
The
biochemical
methods
are
wide
involving
direct
indirect
defenses.
defensive
chemical
substances
secreted
effectively
the
wound
caused
by
herbivores
(insects
phytopathogens)
Plants
responded
producing
VOCs
which
draw
natural
enemies
of
insects
phytopathogens.
progress
observed
in
cognition
stimulus
plants
their
potential
control
responses
is
characterized
modification
shifts
our
attention
development
endogenous
resistance
preserving
crops.
main
objective
implementing
a
biotechnological
mechanism
crop
production
employ
durable
multimechanistic
alternatives
pests
via
plant
produces
upon
encountering
attack.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Nov. 29, 2023
Introduction
Understanding
microbial
communities
in
diverse
ecosystems
is
crucial
for
unraveling
the
intricate
relationships
among
microorganisms,
their
environment,
and
ecosystem
processes.
In
this
study,
we
investigated
differences
fungal
community
structure
diversity
soils
from
two
contrasting
climatic
vegetation
conditions:
Xinjiang
western
China
plateau
Fujian
southeastern
coastal
province.
Methods
A
total
of
36
soil
samples
collected
regions
were
subjected
to
high-throughput
ITS
gene
sequencing
analysis.
conjunction
physicochemical
properties
assessed
compared.
Analyses
included
an
examination
relationship
environmental
factors
functional
profiling
was
using
FUNGuild
pipeline.
Results
Our
data
revealed
rich
diversity,
with
a
11
phyla,
31
classes,
86
orders,
200
families,
388
genera,
515
species
identified
samples.
Distinct
variations
seen
relation
climate
surface
vegetation.
Notably,
despite
colder
climate,
rhizosphere
exhibited
higher
(α-)diversity
compared
Fujian.
β-diversity
analyses
indicated
that
heterogeneity
primarily
influenced
by
spatial
distance
limitations
type.
Furthermore,
dominant
phyla
significant
roles
energy
cycling
organic
matter
degradation,
including
members
Sordariomycetes
,
Leotiomycetes
Archaeosporomycetes
Agaricomycetes
.
Functional
highlighted
distinct
ecological
functions
soils.
characterized
focus
on
wood
plant
saprotrophy
endophytes,
whereas
mainly
associated
ectomycorrhizal
interactions,
parasitism,
Discussion
findings
suggest
different
conditions
adapt
along
patterns
with,
plants
cope
stress
contribute
significantly
metabolism
material
within
soil-plant
systems.
This
study
provides
valuable
insights
into
driven
geological
factors.
BioControl,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
69(4), P. 397 - 411
Published: June 5, 2024
Abstract
Eldana
saccharina
Walker
is
a
problematic
sugarcane
stalk
borer
pest
in
South
Africa.
Twenty-eight
genotypes
(
Saccharum
spp.
hybrids)
and
seven
different
species
of
host
plants
E.
were
surveyed
for
the
presence
endophytic
Beauveria
bassiana
sensu
lato
s.l.
).
Collectively,
326
plant
samples
(roots,
stems,
or
leaves)
collected
from
five
locations
sugarcane-producing
areas
(KwaZulu-Natal;
Africa).
Following
surface
disinfection,
128
fungal
colonies
morphologically
resembling
isolated
internal
tissues.
The
sequence
analysis
transcribed
spacer
region
confirmed
that
13
representative
isolates
B.
bassiana.
s.l
.
Eight
recovered
natural
plants,
120
stem
parts
(top
node,
top
internodes,
bottom
internode).
Endophytic
22
28
surveyed.
number
obtained
differed
significantly,
with
more
than
internodes.
Furthermore,
N31
N41
yielded
all
sampled,
while
harbored
no
isolates.
This
study
demonstrates
first
time
occurrence
strains
The
range
of
interactions
between
Cladosporium,
an
ubiquitous
fungal
genus,
and
insects,
a
class
including
about
60%
the
animal
species,
is
extremely
diverse.
broad
case
history
antagonism
mutualism
connecting
Cladosporium
insects
reviewed
in
this
paper
based
on
examination
available
literature.
Certain
strains
establish
direct
with
pest
or
beneficial
indirectly
influence
them
through
their
endophytic
development
plants.
Entomopathogenicity
often
connected
to
production
toxic
secondary
metabolites,
although
there
where
these
compounds
have
been
reported
favor
pollinators
attraction,
suggesting
important
role
angiosperm
reproduction.
Other
relationships
include
mycophagy,
which
other
hand
may
reflect
ecological
advantage
for
adaptable
fungi
using
as
carriers
spreading
environment.
Several
species
colonize
insect
structures,
such
galleries
ambrosia
beetles,
leaf-rolls
attelabid
weevils
galls
formed
by
cecidomyid
midges,
playing
still
uncertain
symbiotic
role.
Finally,
occurrence
gut
several
has
intriguing
implications
management,
also
considering
that
some
proven
be
able
degrade
insecticides.
These
especially
deserve
further
investigation
understand
impact
control
measures
strategies
preserve
insects.
