Exploratory Review and In Silico Insights into circRNA and RNA-Binding Protein Roles in γ-Globin to β-Globin Switching

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 312 - 312

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

β-globin gene cluster regulation involves complex mechanisms to ensure proper expression and function in RBCs. During development, switching occurs as γ-globin is replaced by β-globin. Key regulators, like BCL11A ZBTB7A, repress facilitate this transition with other factors, KLF1, LSD1, PGC-1α; these regulators an orchestrated from γ- during development. While have been extensively studied, circRNAs recently emerged key contributors regulation, but their role remains largely unexplored. Although discovered the 1970s, only recognized for functional roles, particularly interactions RNA-binding proteins. Understanding how contribute could lead new therapeutic strategies hemoglobinopathies, such sickle cell disease β-thalassemia. This review uses circAtlas 3.0 database explore circRNA expressions genes related expression, focusing on blood, bone marrow, liver, spleen. It emphasizes exploration of potential between proteins involved regulatory mechanisms, further enhancing our understanding expression.

Language: Английский

Circular RNAs modulate cancer drug resistance: advances and challenges

Cancer Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

Acquired drug resistance is a main factor contributing to cancer therapy failure and high mortality, highlighting the necessity develop novel intervention targets. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), an abundant class of RNA molecules with closed loop structure, possess characteristics including stability, which provide unique advantages in clinical application. Growing evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed circRNAs are associated against various treatments, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy. Therefore, targeting these aberrant may offer strategy improve efficiency therapy. Herein, we present summary most recently studied their regulatory roles on resistance. With advances artificial intelligence (AI)-based bioinformatics algorithms, could emerge as promising biomarkers targets

Language: Английский

Viroids and Retrozymes: Plant Circular RNAs Capable of Autonomous Replication

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 61 - 61

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Among the long non-coding RNAs that are currently recognized as important regulatory molecules influencing a plethora of processes in eukaryotic cells, circular (circRNAs) represent distinct class predominantly produced by back-splicing pre-mRNA. The most studied mechanisms involving circRNAs acting miRNA sponges, forming R-loops with genomic DNA, and encoding functional proteins. In addition to generated back-splicing, two types capable autonomous RNA-RNA replication systemic transport have been described plants: viroids, which infectious cause number plant diseases, retrozymes, transcripts retrotransposon loci circularization due ribozymes. Based on common features, viroids retrozymes considered be evolutionarily related. Here, we provide an overview biogenesis functions non-replicating further discuss detail available data focusing their structural mechanisms, interaction cellular components, plants. addition, biotechnological approaches replication-capable discussed, well potential applications research agriculture.

Language: Английский