bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: July 3, 2023
Abstract
Background
intelligence
is
a
highly
complex
problem.
The
decapitated
insect
exhibits
various
behaviors,
indicating
that
they
may
have
intelligence.
Recent
studies
reported
organoid
(OI)
lab-grown
organoids
also
possess
This
study
investigated
the
response
of
crickets
to
different
chemical
stimuli
determine
whether
Methods
We
used
deionized
water,
NaCl,
sucrose,
and
sodium
hypochlorite
stimulate
front
legs
lesion
T1-T2
nerve
connection
thoracic
ganglia.
behavioral
types
their
forelegs
were
recorded.
Reaction
time,
incidence
rate,
total
number
responses
calculated
analyzed.
Results
exhibit
four
responses:
leg
extension,
withdrawal,
lift,
jump.
reaction
time
rate
varied
depending
on
type
concentration
stimulant
solution.
gradually
increased
with
hypochlorite.
experiments
further
revealed
only
T1
ganglion
can
control
stimulating
behavior.
Conclusion
perceiving
taking
corresponding
action.
called
it
body
(DBI)
or
extrabrain
(EI),
which
suggests
not
localized
exclusively
in
brain
but
resides
finding
opens
up
new
ideas
avenues
for
brain.
Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6
Published: Jan. 5, 2024
Human
brain
organoids,
aka
cerebral
organoids
or
earlier
"mini-brains",
are
3D
cellular
models
that
recapitulate
aspects
of
the
developing
human
brain.
They
show
tremendous
promise
for
advancing
our
understanding
neurodevelopment
and
neurological
disorders.
However,
unprecedented
ability
to
model
development
function
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(21)
Published: Jan. 22, 2024
Brain
organoids
are
3D
in
vitro
culture
systems
derived
from
human
pluripotent
stem
cells
that
self-organize
to
model
features
of
the
(developing)
brain.
This
review
examines
techniques
behind
organoid
generation,
their
current
and
potential
applications,
future
directions
for
field.
possess
complex
architecture
containing
various
neural
cell
types,
synapses,
myelination.
They
have
been
utilized
toxicology
testing,
disease
modeling,
infection
studies,
personalized
medicine,
gene-environment
interaction
studies.
An
emerging
concept
termed
Organoid
Intelligence
(OI)
combines
with
artificial
intelligence
generate
learning
memory,
goals
modeling
cognition
enabling
biological
computing
applications.
allow
neuroscience
studies
not
previously
achievable
traditional
techniques,
transform
drug
development,
understanding
brain
development
disorders.
The
aspirational
vision
OI
parallels
origins
intelligence,
efforts
underway
map
a
roadmap
toward
its
realization.
In
summary,
constitute
disruptive
technology
is
rapidly
advancing
gaining
traction
across
multiple
disciplines.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18
Published: Jan. 8, 2025
At
its
core,
synthetic
biological
intelligence
seeks
to
enhance
the
functionality
of
systems
by
integrating
artificial
(AI)
technologies.
Organoid
Intelligence
(OI)
(Smirnova
et
al.,
2023),
a
subset
SBI,
demonstrates
potential
revolutionize
biomedical
research
leveraging
organoids-miniature,
lab-grown
versions
human
organs
derived
from
stem
cells-as
computational
models.
These
models
o^er
unparalleled
insights
into
biology
and
disease
mechanisms.
This
Research
Topic
is
part
attempts
establishing
community
realize
this
promise
(Morales
Patoja
2023;Hartung
2023).The
ability
use
organoids
as
personalized
significant
advancement.They
provide
platform
test
drug
e^icacy
toxicity
in
patient-specific
contexts,
moving
us
closer
truly
individualized
medicine.
Moreover,
model
rare
diseases
genetic
disorders,
which
often
lack
e^ective
animal
or
in-vitro
analogs,
underscores
societal
medical
value
research.While
SBI
OI
immense,
field
faces
several
challenges.
starts
with
common
nomenclature,
aka
ontology
(Kagan
2024).
Reproducibility
models,
e^iciency
AI
algorithms
interpreting
complex
data,
integration
these
existing
clinical
pipelines
remain
hurdles.
Additionally,
interfacing
controlling
bioengineering
perspective
still
largely
uncharted.The
presented
that
challenges
are
not
insurmountable.
Innovative
experimental
frameworks
novel
inspired
in-silico
solutions
roadmap
for
overcoming
barriers.
Engineering
advancements
interfaces
hardware
will
further
accelerate
progress
domain.As
we
stand
on
brink
creating
living,
thinking
merge
digital
realms,
ethical
considerations
paramount.
The
implications
extend
beyond
medicine
broader
concerns,
including
privacy,
consent,
security
data.
topics
require
multidisciplinary
dialogue
establishment
robust
frameworks.This
highlights
transformative
combining
intelligence.
It
lays
groundwork
future
exploration
themes
such
unconventional
computing,
modeling,
engineering.
As
evolve,
they
redefine
our
understanding
push
boundaries
what
possible
technology
medicine.As
Editors,
breadth
work
showcased
collection
passion
researchers
contributing
burgeoning
field.
With
continued
collaboration,
innovation,
stewardship,
organoid
undoubtedly
approach
solving
ALTEX,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Developmental
neurotoxicity
(DNT)
testing
has
seen
enormous
progress
over
the
last
two
decades.
Preceding
even
publication
of
animal-based
OECD
test
guideline
for
DNT
in
2007,
a
series
non-animal
technology
workshops
and
conferences
(starting
2005)
shaped
community
that
delivered
comprehensive
battery
vitro
methods
(IVB).
Its
data
interpretation
is
covered
by
very
recent
guidance
(No.
377).
Here,
we
aim
to
overview
field,
focusing
on
evolution
strategies,
role
emerging
technologies,
impact
guidelines
testing.
In
particular,
this
an
example
targeted
development
animal-free
approach
one
most
complex
hazards
chemicals
human
health.
These
developments
started
literally
from
blank
slate,
with
no
proposed
alternative
available.
Over
decades,
cutting-edge
science
enabled
design
spares
animals
enables
throughput
challenging
hazard.
While
it
evident
field
needs
regulation,
massive
economic
decreased
cognitive
capacity
caused
chemical
exposure
should
be
prioritized
more
highly.
Beyond
this,
claim
fame
scientific
brought
understanding
brain,
its
development,
how
can
perturbed.
Plain
language
summaryDevelopmental
predicts
hazard
brain
development.
Comprehensive
advanced
strategies
using
now
replace
approaches
assess
large
numbers
accurately
efficiently
than
approach.
Recent
formalized
DNT,
marking
pivotal
achievement
field.
The
shift
towards
reflects
both
commitment
animal
welfare
growing
recognition
public
health
impacts
associated
impaired
function
exposures.
innovations
ultimately
contribute
safer
management
better
protection
health,
especially
during
vulnerable
stages
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 15, 2025
Alzheimer’s
disease
is
a
devastating
and
incurable
neurological
disease.
Most
of
the
current
research
has
focused
on
developing
drugs
to
clear
extracellular
amyloid
plaques
in
brain
patients.
However,
this
approach
limited
as
it
does
not
treat
underlying
cause
In
review,
we
highlight
evidence
field
showing
that
accumulation
intracellular
toxic
amyloid-ß
could
underpin
very
early
events
neuronal
death
both
familial
early-onset
sporadic
late-onset
alzheimer’s
Indeed,
amyloid-ß,
which
produced
within
compartments,
been
shown
perturb
endosomal
secretory
organelles,
different
models,
patients,
leading
membrane
trafficking
defects
perturbation
function
associated
with
cognition
defects.
The
Golgi
apparatus
central
transport
signaling
hub
at
crossroads
endocytic
pathways
ribbon
structure
hallmark
Here,
discuss
role
major
player
regulation
amyloid-β
production
propose
plays
key
cellular
network
can
seed
onset
Moreover,
an
feedback
loop
enhanced
level
resulting
before
appearance
clinical
symptoms.
Further
advances
defining
molecular
support
design
new
therapeutic
strategies
target
primary
source
toxicity
Biochemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 8, 2024
Brain
organoid
implications
have
opened
vast
avenues
in
the
realm
of
interdisciplinary
research,
particularly
growing
field
intelligence
(OI).
A
brain
is
a
three-dimensional
(3D),
lab-grown
structure
that
mimics
certain
aspects
human
organization
and
function.
The
integration
technology
with
computational
methods
to
enhance
understanding
behavior
predict
their
responses
various
stimuli
known
as
OI.
ability
organoids
adapt
memorize,
key
area
exploration.
OI
encapsulates
confluence
breakthroughs
stem
cell
technology,
bioengineering,
artificial
(AI).
This
chapter
delves
deep
into
myriad
potentials
OI,
encompassing
an
enhanced
cognitive
functions,
achieving
significant
biological
proficiencies.
Such
advancements
stand
offer
unique
complementarity
conventional
computing
methods.
sphere
signify
transformative
stride
towards
more
intricate
grasp
its
multifaceted
intricacies.
intersection
biology
machine
learning
rapidly
evolving
reshaping
our
life
health.
convergence
driving
numerous
areas,
including
genomics,
drug
discovery,
personalized
medicine,
synthetic
biology.
Advanced Intelligent Systems,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6(9)
Published: June 19, 2024
Studying
the
behavior
of
electroactive
cells,
such
as
firing
dynamics
and
chemical
secretion,
is
crucial
for
developing
human
disease
models
therapeutics.
Following
recent
advances
in
cell
culture
technology,
traditional
monolayers
are
optimized
to
resemble
more
3D,
organ‐like
structures.
The
biological
electrochemical
complexity
these
structures
requires
devices
with
adaptive
shapes
novel
features,
precise
electrophysiological
mapping
stimulation
case
brain‐
heart‐derived
tissues.
However,
conventional
organ‐on‐chip
platforms
often
fall
short,
they
do
not
recreate
native
environment
cells
lack
functional
interfaces
necessary
long‐term
monitoring.
Origami‐on‐a‐chip
offer
a
solution
this
problem,
can
flexibly
adapt
structure
desired
sample
be
integrated
components
enabled
by
chosen
materials.
In
review,
evolution
origami‐on‐a‐chip
biointerfaces
discussed,
emphasizing
folding
stimuli,
materials,
critical
findings.
prospects,
microfluidic
integration,
tissue
engineering
scaffolds,
multi‐organoid
networks
included,
allowing
patient‐specific
diagnoses
therapies
through
computational
vitro
modeling.
