Monocyte Differentiation and Heterogeneity: Inter-Subset and Interindividual Differences

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 8757 - 8757

Published: May 15, 2023

The three subsets of human monocytes, classical, intermediate, and nonclassical, show phenotypic heterogeneity, particularly in their expression CD14 CD16. This has enabled researchers to delve into the functions each subset steady state as well disease. Studies have revealed that monocyte heterogeneity is multi-dimensional. In addition, phenotype function differ between established. However, it becoming evident also exists within subset, health disease (current or past) states, even individuals. realisation casts long shadows, impacting how we identify classify subsets, assign them, they are examined for alterations Perhaps most fascinating evidence that, relative health, interindividual differences exist. It proposed individual’s microenvironment could cause long-lasting irreversible changes precursors echo monocytes through derived macrophages. Here, will discuss types recognised implications these research, importantly, relevance this

Language: Английский

---

Monocyte distribution width alterations and cytokine storm are modulated by circulating histones

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61(8), P. 1525 - 1535

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Extracellular histone levels are associated with the severity of many human pathologies, including sepsis and COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate role extracellular histones on monocyte distribution width (MDW), their effect release cytokines by blood cells.Peripheral venous was collected from healthy subjects treated different doses a mixture (range 0-200 μg/mL) analyze MDW modifications up-to 3 h digital microscopy smears. Plasma obtained after treatment were assayed evaluate panel 24 inflammatory cytokines.MDW values significantly increased in time- dose-dependent manner. These findings histone-induced cell volume, cytoplasmic granularity, vacuolization, nuclear structure monocytes, promoting heterogeneity without affecting count. After almost all The most relevant response shown G-CSF levels, increase IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1β, IL-8 at 50, 100, 200 µg/mL. VEGF, IP-10, GM-CSF, TNF-α, Eotaxin, IL-2 also up-regulated, lower but significant observed for IL-15, IL-5, IL-17, bFGF, IL-10, IFN-γ, MCP-1, IL-9.Circulating critically induce functional alterations monocytes mirrored MDW, anisocytosis, hyperinflammation/cytokine storm circulating may be useful tools predict higher risks worst outcomes.

Language: Английский

---

Monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a reliable diagnostic biomarker for sepsis in patients with HIV

Emerging Microbes & Infections, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2025

Introduction: Sepsis is a leading cause of death among patients with HIV, but early diagnosis remains challenge. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance monocyte distribution width (MDW) in detecting sepsis HIV.

Language: Английский

---

It’s in the blood: a review of the hematological system in SARS-CoV-2-associated COVID-19

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 60(8), P. 595 - 624

Published: July 13, 2023

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an unprecedented global healthcare crisis. While SARS-CoV-2-associated COVID-19 affects primarily the system, patients with frequently develop extrapulmonary manifestations. Notably, changes in hematological including lymphocytopenia, neutrophilia and significant abnormalities hemostatic markers, were observed early pandemic. Hematological manifestations have since been recognized as important parameters pathophysiology SARS-CoV-2 management COVID-19. In this narrative review, we summarize state-of-the-art regarding COVID-19, well current understanding system chronic

Language: Английский

---

Monocyte distribution width as a promising biomarker for differential diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 3, 2024

Objective We aimed to investigate the association and diagnostic value of monocyte distribution width (MDW) for chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods MDW levels were measured in 483 individuals (103 CHB, 77 LC, 153 HCC, 150 controls). was detected using UniCel Dx900 specific cell volume parameters volumes. Results Our findings revealed a dynamic upward change across different stages disease, from CHB LC HCC. In highest among HBeAg-positive patients exhibited negative correlation with HBV markers while positively correlating ALT levels. showed positive pathological progression demonstrating consistency CP scores. proved be equally effective as traditional detection diagnosing LC. correlated HCC occurrence development, higher observed high group, which also elevated AFP levels, MELD scores, 90-day mortality rates. surpassed predictive models its effectiveness well respective areas under curve 0.882, 0.978, 0.973. Furthermore, emerged an independent predictor Conclusion holds significant efficacy identifying These suggest that could serve promising biomarker predicting severity diseases aid rational clinical treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

---

Multi-omics and immune cells’ profiling of COVID-19 patients for ICU admission prediction: in silico analysis and an integrated machine learning-based approach in the framework of Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medicine

The EPMA Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 101 - 117

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Monocyte distribution width (MDW) as an infection indicator in severe patients attending in the Emergency Department: a pilot study

Revista Española de Quimioterapia, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 36(3), P. 267 - 274

Published: March 20, 2023

Background. The aim of the present study was to evaluate diagnostic performance monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a biomarker for sepsis diagnosis in severe patients attended Emergency Department different conditions and not only infections. Methods. We performed an observational consecutive prospective cohort including attending with conditions. MDW other biomarkers were determined from samples obtained during first care patients. based on final at patient discharge. Results. One hundred two patients, mean age 76.7 (SD 16.5) years included, 53 being (51.9%) male. Among 65 (63.7%) had infectious disease while remaining A cut-off 20.115 provided best accuracy identify infected sensitivity 89.2 (95% CI 79.4-94.7), specificity 75.3-95.7), positive predictive value 93.5 84.6-97.5), negative 82.5% 68.0-91.3), likelihood ratio 8.25 (3.26-20.91), 0.12 (0.06-0.24). area under receiver operating characteristic curve infection according 0.943 0.897-0.989; p<0.001). Conclusions. > may be associated could help distinguish between non-infected These results must confirmed new studies due limited sample included.

Language: Английский

---

Value of monocyte distribution width for predicting severe cholecystitis: a retrospective cohort study

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61(10), P. 1850 - 1857

Published: April 21, 2023

Abstract Objectives Acute cholecystitis is a gallbladder inflammation, and the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18) can be used to predict its presence severity with high sensitivity specificity. However, TG18 grading require collection of excessive parameters. Monocyte distribution width (MDW) parameter detect sepsis early. Therefore, we investigated correlation between MDW severity. Methods We conducted retrospective study patients admitted our hospital from November 1, 2020, August 31, 2021. The primary outcome was severe analyzed as composite intensive care unit (ICU) admission mortality. secondary outcomes were length stay, ICU grade. Results A total 331 enrolled in this study. average MDWs for grades 2, 3 20.21 ± 3.99, 20.34 3.68, 25.77 6.61, respectively. For cholecystitis, 25.42 6.83. Using Youden J statistic, set cutoff 21.6. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that an MDW≥21.6 had higher risk (odds ratio=4.94; 95 % CI, 1.71–14.21; p=0.003). Cox model more likely have prolonged stay. Conclusions reliable indicator Additional testing complete blood count may provide simple information predicting

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Different Types of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein on Circulating Monocytes Structure

Published: April 28, 2023

Background: This study investigated the biological effects on circulating monocytes after challenge with SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein. Methods: Whole blood collected form seven ostensibly healthy healthcare workers was incubated for 15 min 2 and 20 ng/mL protein of Ancestral, Alpha, Delta Omicron variants. Samples were analyzed Sysmex XN DI-60 analyzers. Results: Cellular complexity (i.e., presence granules, vacuoles other cytoplasmic inclusions) increased in all samples challenged Alpha variants, but not those containing Omicron. The cellular content nucleic acids constantly decreased most samples, achieving statistical significance proteins. heterogeneity monocyte volumes significantly morphological abnormalities included dysmorphia, granulation, intense vacuolization, platelet phagocytosis, development aberrant nuclei extrusions. Conclusions: triggers important abnormalities, more evident cells clinically severe

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Different Types of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein on Circulating Monocytes’ Structure

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9373 - 9373

Published: May 27, 2023

This study investigated the biological effects on circulating monocytes after challenge with SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein. Whole blood collected from seven ostensibly healthy healthcare workers was incubated for 15 min 2 and 20 ng/mL final concentration of protein Ancestral, Alpha, Delta, Omicron variants. Samples were analyzed Sysmex XN DI-60 analyzers. Cellular complexity (i.e., presence granules, vacuoles other cytoplasmic inclusions) increased in all samples challenged Delta variants, but not those containing Omicron. The cellular content nucleic acids constantly decreased most samples, achieving statistical significance Alpha proteins. heterogeneity monocyte volumes significantly morphological abnormalities included dysmorphia, granulation, intense vacuolization, platelet phagocytosis, development aberrant nuclei, extrusions. triggers important abnormalities, more evident cells clinically severe

Language: Английский

---