Influence of asymmetric microchannels in the structure and function of engineered neuronal circuits DOI
José C. Mateus, Priscila Melo, Miguel Aroso

et al.

Published: July 13, 2024

ABSTRACT Understanding the intricate structure-function relationships of neuronal circuits is crucial for unraveling how brain sustains efficient information transfer. In specific regions, like hippocampus, neurons are organized in layers and form unidirectional connectivity, which thought to help ensure controlled signal flow processing. recent years, researchers have tried emulating these structural principles by providing cultured with asymmetric environmental cues, namely microfluidics’ microchannels that promote directed axonal growth. Even though a few reports claimed achieving connectivity vitro circuits, given lack functional characterization, whether this correlates remains unknown. We replicated tested performance microchannel designs previously reported literature be successful promotion growth, as well other custom variations. A new variation “Arrowhead”, termed “Rams”, was best-performing motif ∼76% probability per allowing strictly connections at 14 days vitro. Importantly, we assessed implications different designs. For purpose, combined microfluidics microelectrode array (MEA) technology record electrophysiological activity two segregated populations hippocampal (“Source” “Target”). This characterization revealed up ∼94% spiking recorded along “Rams” propagates towards “Target” population. Moreover, our results indicate engineered also tended exhibit network-level synchronizations defined directionality. Overall, promoted has potential provide insights into use network architectures effective computations. here-developed devices approaches may used wide range applications, such disease modeling or preclinical drug screening.

Language: Английский

Harnessing Intelligence from Brain Cells In Vitro DOI Creative Commons
Brett J. Kagan, Forough Habibollahi, Bradley Watmuff

et al.

The Neuroscientist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Harnessing intelligence from brain cells in vitro requires a multidisciplinary approach integrating wetware, hardware, and software. Wetware comprises the themselves, where differentiation induced pluripotent stem offers ethical scalability; hardware typically involves life support system setup to record activity deliver stimulation cells; software is required control process signals coming going cells. This review provides broad summary of foundational technologies underpinning these components, along with outlining importance technology integration. Of particular that this new ability extend beyond traditional methods assess primarily survival spontaneous neural cultures. Instead, focus returns core function tissue: neurocomputational information respond accordingly. Therefore, also covers work that, despite relatively early state current technology, has provided novel meaningful understandings field neuroscience opening exciting avenues for future research.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Impact of microchannel width on axons for brain-on-chip applications DOI Creative Commons
Katarina Vulić,

Giulia Amos,

Tobias Ruff

et al.

Lab on a Chip, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Axon growth is influenced by the width and number of microchannels, with cone adaptability reaching its limit for constraints smaller than 350 nm. Tradeoffs between axon control need to be made neurofluidic devices.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Medial and lateral vestibulospinal projections to the cervical spinal cord of the squirrel monkey DOI Creative Commons
Richard Boyle

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

The brainstem vestibular nuclei neurons receive synaptic inputs from inner ear acceleration-sensing hair cells, cerebellar output neurons, and ascending signals spinal proprioceptive-related neurons. lateral (LVST) medial (MVST) vestibulospinal (VS) tracts convey their coded to the circuits rapidly counter externally imposed perturbations facilitate stability provide a framework for self-generated head movements. present study describes morphological characteristics of intraaxonally recorded labeled VS monosynaptically connected 8th nerve. visualization axon location in descending longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) differentiated ipsi- (i) contralateral (c)-projecting MVST Vestibuloocular collic (VOC) were comparably typed as cMVST cells but also antidromically activated rostral MLF. Cervical-only LVST projected ipsilaterally ventrolateral funiculi. Targets axons, such central cervical nucleus sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, splenius motoneurons, identified using anti- orthodromic electrical stimuli intra-somatically describe local morphology. Thirty-five (26% 134 attempted samples) successfully permit moderate (near) complete reconstruction trajectories innervations. VOC exhibited prolific innervation caudal nuclei, extensively innervated laminae VII VIII, and, lesser extent, ventromedial lamina IX, C1 C8, on average issued 15 branches along trajectory with 92 terminal en passant boutons per branch. was either uniformly distributed among segments, indicating more global control neck movement, or restricted specific precise motor strategy. pattern iMVST axons resembled that less extensive supplied mostly upper two segments. predominantly equally weighted separate joint moto- inter-neuronal trajectory. Their branching distribution ventral horn provides redundant variable input cell groups. This suggests common site-specific reflexes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Computational Generation of Long-range Axonal Morphologies DOI Creative Commons
Adrien Berchet, Rémy Petkantchin, Henry Markram

et al.

Neuroinformatics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract Long-range axons are fundamental to brain connectivity and functional organization, enabling communication between different regions. Recent advances in experimental techniques have yielded a substantial number of whole-brain axonal reconstructions. While previous computational generative models neurons predominantly focused on dendrites, generating realistic morphologies is more challenging due their distinct targeting. In this study, we present novel algorithm for axon synthesis that combines algebraic topology with the Steiner tree algorithm, an extension minimum spanning tree, generate both local long-range compartments axons. We demonstrate our computationally generated closely replicate data terms morphological properties. This approach enables generation biologically accurate span large distances connect multiple regions, advancing digital reconstruction brain. Ultimately, opens up new possibilities large-scale in-silico simulations, research into function disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
An in vitro platform for characterizing axonal electrophysiology of individual human iPSC-derived nociceptors DOI
Blandine Clément,

Lorenzo Petrella,

Lea Wallimann

et al.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 117418 - 117418

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Transparent, metal-free PEDOT:PSS neural interfaces for simultaneous recording of low-noise electrophysiology and artifact-free two-photon imaging DOI Creative Commons

Hyun Woo Kim,

Jiwon Kim, Jong Youl Kim

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 29, 2025

Simultaneous two-photon imaging and electrophysiological recordings offer considerable potential for advancing neurological research therapies. However, traditional metal-based neural interfaces suffer from photoelectric artifacts, while existing transparent implants rely on opaque interconnect lines to address conductivity limitations. Herein, we developed an optically poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) electrode array with electrodes lines. Through a formamide, phosphoric acid, ethylene glycol treatment, the metal-free PEDOT:PSS achieved impedance of 45.8 kΩ (at 1 kHz) even 20 × µm² size. This advanced performance surpasses previous facilitates precise recordings, including extracellular action potentials low-noise local field potentials. In vivo experiments demonstrated artifact-free reliable signal acquisition, biocompatibility tests confirmed negligible cytotoxicity or immune responses. The provides robust platform recording bioimaging, representing advancement in interface technology integrated optical modalities.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Computational generation of long-range axonal morphologies DOI Creative Commons
Adrien Berchet, Rémy Petkantchin, Henry Markram

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Abstract Long-range axons are fundamental to brain connectivity and functional organization, enabling communication between different regions of the brain. Recent advances in experimental techniques have yielded a substantial number whole-brain axonal reconstructions. While most previous computational generative models neurons predominantly focused on dendrites, generating realistic morphologies is challenging due their distinct targeting. In this study, we present novel algorithm for axon synthesis that combines algebraic topology with Steiner tree algorithm, an extension minimum spanning tree, generate both local long-range compartments axons. We demonstrate our computationally generated closely replicate data terms morphological properties. This approach enables generation biologically accurate span large distances connect multiple regions, advancing digital reconstruction Ultimately, opens up new possibilities large-scale in-silico simulations, research into function disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Axons compensate for biophysical constraints of variable size to uniformize their action potentials DOI Creative Commons
János Brunner, Antónia Arszovszki, Gergely Tarcsay

et al.

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. e3002929 - e3002929

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Active conductances tune the kinetics of axonal action potentials (APs) to support specialized functions neuron types. However, temporal characteristics voltage signals strongly depend on size neuronal structures, as capacitive and resistive effects slow down discharges in membranes small elements. Axonal are particularly sensitive these inherent biophysical because large diameter variabilities within individual axons, potentially implying bouton size-dependent synaptic effects. using direct patch-clamp recordings imaging hippocampal axons acute slices from rat brains, we demonstrate that AP shapes remain uniform same even across an order magnitude difference caliber. Our results show smaller structures have more Kv1 potassium channels locally re-accelerate repolarization contribute size-independent APs, while they do not preclude plasticity shapes. Thus, APs ensure consistent digital for each synapse

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Influence of asymmetric microchannels in the structure and function of engineered neuronal circuits DOI
José C. Mateus, Priscila Melo, Miguel Aroso

et al.

Published: July 13, 2024

ABSTRACT Understanding the intricate structure-function relationships of neuronal circuits is crucial for unraveling how brain sustains efficient information transfer. In specific regions, like hippocampus, neurons are organized in layers and form unidirectional connectivity, which thought to help ensure controlled signal flow processing. recent years, researchers have tried emulating these structural principles by providing cultured with asymmetric environmental cues, namely microfluidics’ microchannels that promote directed axonal growth. Even though a few reports claimed achieving connectivity vitro circuits, given lack functional characterization, whether this correlates remains unknown. We replicated tested performance microchannel designs previously reported literature be successful promotion growth, as well other custom variations. A new variation “Arrowhead”, termed “Rams”, was best-performing motif ∼76% probability per allowing strictly connections at 14 days vitro. Importantly, we assessed implications different designs. For purpose, combined microfluidics microelectrode array (MEA) technology record electrophysiological activity two segregated populations hippocampal (“Source” “Target”). This characterization revealed up ∼94% spiking recorded along “Rams” propagates towards “Target” population. Moreover, our results indicate engineered also tended exhibit network-level synchronizations defined directionality. Overall, promoted has potential provide insights into use network architectures effective computations. here-developed devices approaches may used wide range applications, such disease modeling or preclinical drug screening.

Language: Английский

Citations

0