Towards the sustainable discovery and development of new antibiotics

Nature Reviews Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. 726 - 749

Published: Aug. 19, 2021

An ever-increasing demand for novel antimicrobials to treat life-threatening infections caused by the global spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens stands in stark contrast current level investment their development, particularly fields natural-product-derived and synthetic small molecules. New agents displaying innovative chemistry modes action are desperately needed worldwide tackle public health menace posed antimicrobial resistance. Here, our consortium presents a strategic blueprint substantially improve ability discover develop new antibiotics. We propose both short-term long-term solutions overcome most urgent limitations various sectors research funding, aiming bridge gap between academic, industrial political stakeholders, unite interdisciplinary expertise order efficiently fuel translational pipeline benefit future generations.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of the characteristics, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza: a nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 251 - 259

Published: Dec. 18, 2020

Language: Английский

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The microbial coinfection in COVID-19

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 104(18), P. 7777 - 7785

Published: Aug. 11, 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel β-coronavirus, is the main pathogenic agent of rapidly spreading pneumonia called disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infects much more people, especially elder population, around world than other coronavirus, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, which challenging current global public health system. Beyond pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2, microbial coinfection plays an important role in occurrence development infection by raising difficulties diagnosis, treatment, prognosis COVID-19, even increasing symptom mortality. We summarize virus, bacteria fungi with their effects on reasons coinfection, diagnosis to emphasize importance COVID-19. KEY POINTS: • Microbial nonnegligible factor exacerbates processes occurrence, clinical treatment. Different bacteria, contributed SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 427 - 427

Published: March 23, 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to public health globally. Accurate and rapid detection of antimicrobial drugs, subsequent appropriate treatment, combined with stewardship, are essential for controlling the emergence spread AMR. This article reviews common susceptibility testing (AST) methods relevant issues concerning advantages disadvantages each method. Although accurate, classic technologies used in clinical microbiology profile time-consuming relatively expensive. As result, physicians often prescribe empirical therapies broad-spectrum antibiotics. recently developed AST systems have shown over traditional terms speed potential providing deeper insight into mechanisms, extensive validation is required translate these methodologies practice. With continuous increase resistance, additional efforts needed develop innovative, rapid, portable diagnostic tools AST. The wide implementation novel devices would enable identification optimal treatment approaches surveillance antibiotic health, agriculture, environment, allowing monitoring better tackling

Language: Английский

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The role of co-infections and secondary infections in patients with COVID-19

Pneumonia, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 24, 2021

Abstract Background It has been recognised for a considerable time-period, that viral respiratory infections predispose patients to bacterial infections, and these co-infections have worse outcome than either infection on its own. However, it is still unclear what exact roles and/or superinfections play in with COVID-19 infection. Main body This was an extensive review of the current literature regarding SARS-CoV-2 The definitions used were those Centers Disease Control Prevention (US), which defines coinfection as one occurring concurrently initial infection, while are follow previous especially when caused by microorganisms resistant, or become antibiotics earlier. Some researchers envisioned three potential scenarios bacterial/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection; namely, secondary following colonisation, combined viral/bacterial pneumonia, superinfection SARS-CoV-2. There myriad published articles ranging from letters editor systematic reviews meta-analyses describing varying ranges co-infection COVID-19. concomitant described included other viruses, bacteria, including mycobacteria, fungi, well other, more unusual, pathogens. will be seen this review, there often not clear distinction made authors referring to, whether true concomitant/co-infections superinfections. In addition, possible mechanisms interactions between SARS-CoV-2, particularly discussed further. Lastly, impact severity their also described. Conclusion describes rates although two literature. When they occur, appear associated both poorer outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial co‐infections with SARS‐CoV‐2

IUBMB Life, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 72(10), P. 2097 - 2111

Published: Aug. 8, 2020

Abstract The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has affected millions of people worldwide. To date, there are no proven effective therapies for this virus. Efforts made to develop antiviral strategies the treatment COVID‐19 underway. viral infections, such as influenza, predispose patients co‐infections and these lead increased severity mortality. Numerous types antibiotics azithromycin have been employed prevention bacterial co‐infection secondary infections in with a respiratory infection (e.g., SARS‐CoV‐2). Although do not directly affect SARS‐CoV‐2, often result pneumonia. It is possible that some die from rather than virus itself. considerable number strains resistant various azithromycin, overuse could render those or other even less effective. Therefore, considered critical risk factors mortality rates COVID‐19. Also, antibiotic‐resistant overusing must be considered. In review, we will summarize featured especially

Language: Английский

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SARS ‐CoV‐2, bacterial co‐infections, and AMR : the deadly trio in COVID ‐19?

EMBO Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(7)

Published: May 26, 2020

Respiratory viral infections are well known to predispose patients bacterial co-infections and superinfections. Still, there is limited reference these in COVID-19. Do play a significant role during COVID-19? What the impact of antimicrobial resistance?

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial TiO2 nanocomposite coatings for surfaces, dental and orthopaedic implants

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 416, P. 129071 - 129071

Published: Feb. 23, 2021

Engineering of self-disinfecting surfaces to constrain the spread SARS-CoV-2 is a challenging task for scientific community because human coronavirus spreads through respiratory droplets. Titania (TiO2) nanocomposite antimicrobial coatings one ideal remedies disinfect pathogens (virus, bacteria, fungi) from common under light illumination. The photocatalytic disinfection efficiency recent TiO2 surfaces, dental and orthopaedic implants are emphasized in this review. Mostly, inorganic metals (e.g. copper (Cu), silver (Ag), manganese (Mn), etc), non-metals fluorine (F), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P)) two-dimensional materials MXenes, MOF, graphdiyne) were incorporated with regulate charge transfer mechanism, surface porosity, crystallinity, microbial efficiency. activity was evaluated against most crucial pathogenic microbes such as Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Legionella pneumophila, Streptococcus mutans, T2 bacteriophage, H1N1, HCoV-NL63, vesicular stomatitis virus, bovine coronavirus. Silane functionalizing agents polymers used coat titanium (Ti) metal introduce superhydrophobic features avoid adhesion. disclosed exceptional bio-corrosion resistance, durability, biocompatibility, bone-formation capability, long-term Moreover, commercial trend, techno-economics, challenges, prospects also discussed briefly.

Language: Английский

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Will coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have an impact on antimicrobial resistance?

Eurosurveillance, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 25(45)

Published: Nov. 12, 2020

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Language: Английский

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COVID-19 diagnosis by routine blood tests using machine learning

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: May 24, 2021

Physicians taking care of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have described different changes in routine blood parameters. However, these changes, hinder them from performing COVID-19 diagnosis. We constructed a machine learning predictive model for The was based and cross-validated on the tests 5,333 various bacterial viral infections, 160 COVID-19-positive patients. selected operational ROC point at sensitivity 81.9% specificity 97.9%. area under curve (AUC) 0.97. five most useful parameters COVID19 diagnosis according to feature importance scoring XGBoost algorithm were MCHC, eosinophil count, albumin, INR, prothrombin activity percentage. tSNE visualization showed that severe course are more like than infection. reported diagnostic accuracy is least comparable probably complementary RT-PCR chest CT studies. Patients fever, cough, myalgia, other symptoms can now initial assessed by our tool. All positive prediction would then undergo standard studies confirm believe results present significant contribution improvements

Language: Английский

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