Wastewater Surveillance for Influenza A Virus and H5 Subtype Concurrent with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Outbreak in Cattle and Poultry and Associated Human Cases — United States, May 12–July 13, 2024

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(37), P. 804 - 809

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

As part of the response to highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus outbreak in U.S. cattle and poultry associated human cases, CDC partners are monitoring A levels detection H5 subtype wastewater. Among 48 states District Columbia that performed testing wastewater during May 12-July 13, 2024, a weekly average 309 sites 38 had sufficient data for analysis, 11 four reported high virus. was conducted at 203 41 states, with detections 24 nine states. For each or level, state local health departments evaluated from other surveillance systems partnered utilities agriculture investigate potential sources. detected wastewater, three corresponding evidence activity systems. detections, 15 identified animal sources within sewershed adjacent county, including eight milk-processing inputs. Data these early investigations can help officials optimize use upcoming respiratory illness season.

Language: Английский

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Seasonality of respiratory, enteric, and urinary viruses revealed by wastewater genomic surveillance

mSphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(5)

Published: May 7, 2024

ABSTRACT Wastewater surveillance can reveal population-level infectious disease burden and emergent public health threats be reliably assessed through wastewater surveillance. While molecular methods for monitoring of microorganisms have traditionally relied on PCR-based approaches, next-generation sequencing (NGS) provide deeper insights via genomic analyses multiple diverse pathogens. We conducted a year-long 1,408 composite samples collected from 12 neighborhood-level access points in the greater Tempe area, Arizona, USA, show that variation viruses is driven by seasonal time location. The temporal dynamics were influenced cyclically, with most dissimilarity between 23 weeks apart (i.e., winter vs summer, spring fall). identified urinary enteric including polyomaviruses, astroviruses, noroviruses, showed their genotypes/subtypes shifted across seasons. while data certain respiratory like severe acute syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strongly correlate clinical case rates, laboratory-reported incidences discordant surges high viral load other human 229E. These results demonstrate utility informing decision-making health. IMPORTANCE into spread pathogens communities. Advances methodologies allow more precise detection wastewater. Long-term an important tool preparedness. This system act as observatory gives real-time early warning outbreaks improved response times.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiological monitoring of sewage sludge and wastewater from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor using SARS-CoV-2 as a model

Water Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 91(4), P. 333 - 343

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

ABSTRACT This study explores the potential of sludge-based monitoring from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor for epidemiological surveillance, using SARS-CoV-2 as a model. We monitored copy numbers and mutations, compared concentrations in to wastewater samples taken on same days. From January August 2021, 32 were analyzed; 30 (93%) positive SARS-CoV-2, varied 0.147 2.314 copies ×106/L. In collected days, 31 (96%) ranged 0.058 3.014 The concentration rose along with confirmed hospitalization cases March, while 2 weeks earlier new cases. Mutations variants concern, Gamma Delta, identified months that they became dominant corresponding regions. Our results indicate that, although sewage was not effective anticipating infection numbers, it is promising way gain insight into situation city or region.

Language: Английский

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Two-step wastewater surveillance reveals co-circulation of respiratory pathogens during the 2023–2024 influenza season in a low-resource setting

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(5)

Published: March 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 dynamics in New York City during March 2020–August 2023

Communications Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: April 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Seasonal surveillance of various pathogenic viruses in wastewater using a high-throughput PCR system and comparison of two concentration methods

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 978, P. 179362 - 179362

Published: April 19, 2025

In recent years, the analysis of viruses in wastewater has become a recognized method to monitor circulation pathogenic within populations. This non-invasive and integrated approach is all more strategic as many viral pathogens can be released sewage. There currently no standard for virological wastewater, various protocols have been developed concentrate detect this matrix. study aims develop high-throughput qPCR detection system describe occurrence 30 human enteric respiratory influent effluent samples collected Paris area during two periods 2023. The influence concentration (ultracentrifugation or aluminium hydroxide adsorption-precipitation) recovery from was also investigated. ultracentrifugation-based allowed higher (4.95-100 % versus 0.77-33 precipitation-based method), especially waters. PCR array revealed presence viruses, with marked seasonal variations mainly viruses. particularly suitable rapid, sensitive, specific multiple wastewater.

Language: Английский

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Introduction to WBE case estimation: A practical toolset for public health practitioners

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 980, P. 179487 - 179487

Published: April 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Children’s Hospital Resource Utilization During the 2022 Viral Respiratory Surge

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 154(1)

Published: June 13, 2024

OBJECTIVES Multiple viral respiratory epidemics occurred concurrently in 2022 but their true extent is unclear. To aid future surge planning efforts, we compared epidemiology and resource utilization with prepandemic seasons 38 US children’s hospitals. METHODS We performed a serial cross-sectional study from October 2017 to March 2023. counted daily emergency department (ED), inpatient, ICU volumes; surgeries; tests performed; the proportion of ED visits resulting revisit within 3 days; hospitalizations 30-day readmission. evaluated seasonal peaks using hierarchical Poisson models. RESULTS Peak volumes season were 4% lower (95% confidence interval [CI] −6 −2) ED, not significantly different inpatient unit (−1%, 95% CI −4 2), 8% −14 −3) each hospital’s previous peak season. However, for 18 hospitals, highest 2022. The was longer duration than (P < .02). surgeries decreased by 15% −20 −9) peaks. Viral increased 75% 69–82) Revisits readmissions lowest CONCLUSIONS earlier seasons, half hospitals reached volumes. Research on how surges impact boarding, transfer refusals, patient outcomes needed as regionalization reduces pediatric capacity.

Language: Английский

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RBD amplicon sequencing of wastewater reveals patterns of variant emergence and evolution

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract Rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in the emergence numerous variants, posing significant challenges to public health surveillance. Clinical genome sequencing, while valuable, limitations capturing full epidemiological dynamics circulating variants general population. This study utilized receptor-binding domain (RBD) amplicon sequencing wastewater samples monitor community and El Paso, TX. Over 17 months, we identified 91 observed waves dominant transitioning from BA.2 BA.2.12.1, BA.4&5, BQ.1, XBB.1.5. Our findings demonstrated early detection identification unreported outbreaks, showing strong consistency with clinical data at local, state, national levels. Alpha diversity analyses revealed periodical variations, highest winter outbreak lag phases, likely due lower competition among before growth phase. The underscores importance low transmission periods for rapid mutation variant evolution. highlights effectiveness integrating RBD surveillance tracking viral evolution, understanding emergence, enhancing preparedness.

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 dynamics in New York City during March 2020–August 2023

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 22, 2024

Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been widespread since 2020 and will likely continue to cause substantial recurring epidemics. However, understanding the underlying infection burden (i.e., including undetected asymptomatic/mild infections) dynamics, particularly late 2021 when Omicron variant emerged, is challenging due potential for asymptomatic repeat SARS-CoV-2 infection, changes in testing practices, disease reporting. Here, we leverage extensive surveillance data available New York City (NYC) a comprehensive model-inference system reconstruct dynamics therein from pandemic onset March August 2023, further validate estimates using independent wastewater data. validated indicate very high totaling twice population size (>5 times documented case count) but decreasing infection-fatality risk (a >10-fold reduction) during first 3.5 years. detailed also reveal highly complex immune landscape, changing virus transmissibility, higher winter NYC over this time period. These transmission drivers, albeit based on NYC, may be relevant other populations inform future planning help mitigate public health of SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

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