SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Exacerbates Thromboembolic Cerebrovascular Complications in Humanized ACE2 Mouse Model DOI Creative Commons

Stan P. Heath,

Veronica C. Hermanns,

Maha Coucha

et al.

Translational Stroke Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Abstract COVID-19 increases the risk for acute ischemic stroke, yet molecular mechanisms are unclear and remain unresolved medical challenges. We hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exacerbates stroke cerebrovascular complications by increasing coagulation decreasing fibrinolysis disrupting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A thromboembolic model was induced in humanized ACE2 knock-in mice after one week of injection. hACE2 were treated with Losartan, an angiotensin receptor (AT 1 R) blocker, immediately Cerebral blood flow infarct size compared between groups. Vascular-contributes to cognitive impairments dementia assessed using a Novel object recognition test. Tissue factor-III plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 measured immunoblotting assess fibrinolysis. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) exposed hypoxia with/without mimic conditions inflammation, RAAS balance, coagulation, Our results showed caused imbalance increased inflammatory signal decreased protective arm. when coincident insult, which accompanied decrease cerebral flow, increase neuronal death, decline function. Losartan treatment restored balance reduced protein-induced effects. inflammation hypercoagulation, leading neurovascular damage dysfunction. However, AT R COVID-19-induced complications.

Language: Английский

Politicians, power, and the people’s health: US elections and state health outcomes, 2012-2024 DOI Creative Commons
Nancy Krieger, Soroush Moallef, Jarvis T. Chen

et al.

Health Affairs Scholar, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(12)

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Our descriptive study examined current associations (2022-2024) between US state-level health outcomes and 4 political metrics: 2 rarely used in public research (political ideology of elected representatives based on voting records; trifectas, where 1 party controls the executive legislative branches) more commonly (state policies enacted; voter lean). The 8 spanned life course: infant mortality, premature mortality (death at age <65), insurance (adults aged 35-64), vaccination for children persons ≥65 (flu; COVID-19 booster), maternity care deserts, food insecurity. For first 3 outcomes, we also trends (2012-2024). all metrics, higher conservatism was associated with worse especially metrics state trifectas. example, 2016, rate states Republican vs Democratic trifectas by 55.4 deaths per 100 000 person-years (95% CI: 7.7, 103.1), slope increase to 2021 higher, 27.0 24.4, 29.7). These results suggest elections, ideology, concentrations power matter population health.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Health outcomes and economic burden among patients with a COVID-19-associated hospitalization in the United States during the predominance of the XBB and JN.1 omicron lineages DOI Open Access
Alon Yehoshua,

A. Cook,

Manuela Di Fusco

et al.

Journal of Medical Economics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 1372 - 1378

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the health and economic outcomes patients with COVID-19-associated hospitalization in US during predominance XBB JN.1 Omicron lineages.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A Targeted Vaccination Strategy: Integrating Vaccines into Biosafety, Biosecurity, and One Health Initiatives DOI Creative Commons
Laith N. AL‐Eitan,

Rabi A. Abu Khiarah,

Diana L. Almahdawi

et al.

Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 9 - 27

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Evaluating the Effectiveness of mRNA-1273.815 Against COVID-19 Hospitalization Among Adults Aged ≥ 18 Years in the United States DOI Creative Commons
Amanda Wilson, Neloufar Rahai, Ekkehard Beck

et al.

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

In September 2023 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an updated mRNA COVID-19 vaccine targeting XBB.1.5 sublineage. This study evaluates effectiveness of mRNA-1273.815, a 2023–2024 Omicron XBB.1.5-containing in preventing COVID-19-related hospitalizations medically attended US adults aged ≥ 18 years. observational, matched cohort used medical pharmacy claims data from HealthVerity. Adults vaccinated with mRNA-1273.815 between 12, 2023, December 31, were followed through January 26, 2024. Vaccinated individuals unvaccinated any on demographic clinical characteristics. The primary secondary outcomes hospitalization COVID-19, respectively. Inverse probability treatment weighting Cox proportional hazards regression utilized to estimate (VE). included 1,272,161 1:1 individuals, maximum follow-up 128 (median 84) days. VE against was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 48–54%). Subgroup analyses showed 56% CI 51–61%) among 65 years 46% 39–52%) immunocompromised adults. For 25% 24–27%). Time-varying that while declined over time, remained significant. During respiratory season, significantly protected across diverse adult populations demonstrated durability effect. These results support continued use vaccines mitigate severe maintain public health safety.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Risk of COVID-19 in Children throughout the Pandemic and the Role of Vaccination: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons
David J. Weber, Kanecia O. Zimmerman, Sara Y. Tartof

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 989 - 989

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

At the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, persons ≥65 years age and healthcare personnel represented most vulnerable groups with respect to risk infection, severe illness, death. However, as pandemic progressed, there was an increasingly detrimental effect on young children adolescents. Severe hospitalization increased over time in pediatric populations, containment measures created substantial psychosocial, educational, economic challenges for people. Vaccination against COVID-19 has been shown reduce acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections outcomes populations may also help prevent spread variants concern improve community immunity. This review discusses burden throughout role transmission, impact vaccination.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine demonstrates reduced age-associated TH1 support in vitro and in vivo DOI Creative Commons
Byron Brook, Abhinav Kumar Checkervarty, Soumik Barman

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(11), P. 111055 - 111055

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Estimating Covid-19 Associated Hospitalizations, Icu Admissions, and In-Hospital Deaths Averted in the United States by 2023-2024 Covid-19 Vaccination: A Conditional Probability, Causal Inference, and Multiplier-Based Approach DOI
Ryan E. Wiegand, Owen Devine, Megan J. Wallace

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Exacerbates Thromboembolic Cerebrovascular Complications in Humanized ACE2 Mouse Model DOI Creative Commons

Stan P. Heath,

Veronica C. Hermanns,

Maha Coucha

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 25, 2024

Abstract COVID-19 increases the risk for acute ischemic stroke, yet molecular mechanisms are unclear and remain unresolved medical challenges. We hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exacerbates stroke cerebrovascular complications by increasing coagulation decreasing fibrinolysis disrupting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A thromboembolic model was induced in humanized ACE2 knock-in mice after one week of injection. hACE2 were treated with Losartan, an angiotensin receptor (AT1R) blocker, immediately Cerebral blood flow infarct size compared between groups. Vascular-contributes to cognitive impairments dementia assessed using a Novel object recognition test. Tissue factor-III plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 measured immunoblotting assess fibrinolysis. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) exposed hypoxia with/without mimic conditions inflammation, RAAS balance, coagulation, Our results showed caused imbalance increased inflammatory signal decreased protective arm. when coincident insult, which accompanied decrease cerebral flow, increase neuronal death, decline function. Losartan treatment restored balance reduced protein-induced effects. inflammation hypercoagulation, leading neurovascular damage dysfunction. However, AT1R COVID-19-induced complications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Exacerbates Thromboembolic Cerebrovascular Complications in Humanized ACE2 Mouse Model DOI Creative Commons

Stan P. Heath,

Veronica C. Hermanns,

Maha Coucha

et al.

Translational Stroke Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Abstract COVID-19 increases the risk for acute ischemic stroke, yet molecular mechanisms are unclear and remain unresolved medical challenges. We hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exacerbates stroke cerebrovascular complications by increasing coagulation decreasing fibrinolysis disrupting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A thromboembolic model was induced in humanized ACE2 knock-in mice after one week of injection. hACE2 were treated with Losartan, an angiotensin receptor (AT 1 R) blocker, immediately Cerebral blood flow infarct size compared between groups. Vascular-contributes to cognitive impairments dementia assessed using a Novel object recognition test. Tissue factor-III plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 measured immunoblotting assess fibrinolysis. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) exposed hypoxia with/without mimic conditions inflammation, RAAS balance, coagulation, Our results showed caused imbalance increased inflammatory signal decreased protective arm. when coincident insult, which accompanied decrease cerebral flow, increase neuronal death, decline function. Losartan treatment restored balance reduced protein-induced effects. inflammation hypercoagulation, leading neurovascular damage dysfunction. However, AT R COVID-19-induced complications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0