Lethal, Sublethal and Antifeedant Effects of Azadirachtin on Some Major Insect-pests: A Review

Agricultural Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Of

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Azadirachtin, a key bioactive compound derived from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica), has gained prominence as an eco-friendly alternative for controlling insect pests, which pose significant threats to crops. It emerged versatile tool in integrated pest management strategies having multi-faceted impact on pests. Azadirachtin affects development of pests by disrupting their growth, moulting and pupation processes, Furthermore, antifeedant properties azadirachtin lead deterring feeding target pests,altering habits. The potential synergies trade-offs utilizing conjunction with other control methods could optimize its effectiveness while minimizing ecological impact.The comprehensive insights presented herein contribute refinement sustainable strategies, offering guidance future research directions implementation environmentally conscious agricultural practices.

Language: Английский

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Bio-Efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth, Household Soaps, and Neem Oil against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Benin

Insects, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 18 - 18

Published: Dec. 29, 2020

Spodoptera frugiperda was first reported in Africa 2016 and has since become a serious threat to maize/cereal production on the continent. Current control of pest relies synthetic chemical insecticides, which can negatively impact environment promote development resistance when used indiscriminately. Therefore, great attention is being paid safer alternatives. In this study, several biorational products semi-synthetic insecticide were evaluated. Two household soaps ("Palmida" "Koto") detergent ("So Klin") tested for their efficacy against larvae under laboratory conditions. Then, most effective soap evaluated field conditions, along with PlantNeem (neem oil), Dezone (diatomaceous earth), Emacot 19 EC (emamectin benzoate), two districts, N'Dali Adjohoun, located, respectively, northern southern Benin. The highly toxic t second-instar 24 h lethal concentrations (LC50) 0.46%, 0.44%, 0.37% So Klin, Koto, Palmida, respectively. insecticides produced similar or better than EC. However, highest maize grain yields 7387 5308 kg/ha recorded, (N'Dali) (Adjohoun). A cost-benefit analysis showed that, compared an untreated control, profits increased by up 90% 166% use Palmida at 0.5% concentration, neem oil 4.5 L/ha, 7.5 could provide effective, environmentally friendly, sustainable management S. maize.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Azadirachta indica (Sapindales: Meliaceae) Oil on the Immune System of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Immatures

Journal of Insect Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(3)

Published: May 1, 2020

Abstract The insect immune system includes several mechanisms responsible for defending against pathogens, parasites, and parasitoids. Some botanical insecticides, such as Azadirachta indica oil, cause changes in the of various species. Spodoptera frugiperda is an important agricultural pest; thus, knowledge about effect neem oil on this species can assist its management. This study aimed to evaluate A. S. frugiperda. Caterpillars (2–3 mg) were placed individually containers (50 ml) with approximately 10 g diet, containing 125, 250, 500 ppm propanone; control group received only propanone diet. In four experiments, total number hemocytes, phagocytic activity, activity lysozyme-like enzymes, phenoloxidase measured caterpillars at end sixth instar. hemocytes insects exposed was 21% lower than group. percentage cells that phagocyted latex beads similar among ingested different concentrations. mean diameter cell lysis halos reduced concentrations 125 250 ppm. Absorbance did not differ between treatments. Knowing reduces circulation enzymes great importance design strategies, once could be added other biological agents mortality reducing chances surviving environment.

Language: Английский

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Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Minyak Mimba (Azadirachta indica) dan Minyak Jarak Kepyar (Ricinus communis) terhadap Spodoptera frugiperda

Jurnal Agribisnis dan Agrowisata (Journal of Agribusiness and Agritourism), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(3), P. 207 - 207

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Spodoptera frugiperda merupakan hama invasif yang menyebabkan kegagalan panen pada tanaman jagung. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian ramah lingkungan terus dikembangkan terhadap S. yaitu dengan insektisida nabati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sinergis campuran nabati minyak A. indica dan R. communis . Desain percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari indica, , serta campurannya lima taraf konsentrasi kontrol diulang empat kali. Pengujian metode residu pakan larva instar II selama 48 jam, selanjutnya daun perlakuan diganti tanpa hingga berkembang menjadi pupa. Hubungan kematian serangga uji dianalisis analisis probit, sedangkan peubah lainnya sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan communis, bersifat toksik frugiperda. Aktivitas LC50 waktu pengamatan 2-8 hari setelah (HSP) antagonistic, 10 HSP aditif, 12-18 sinergistik lemah, sementara LC95 antagonistic 10-18 kuat. Selain itu, tersebut memiliki penghambatan perkembangan, penurunan fekunditas fertilitas, umur imago jantan betina Dengan demikian, berpotensi sebagai

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Toxic and Antifeedant Effects of Different Pesticidal Plant Extracts against Beet Armyworm (<i>Spodoptera exigua</i>)

Phyton, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92(4), P. 1161 - 1172

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The beet armyworm (BAW), Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly destructive pest of vegetables and field crops. Management primarily relies on synthetic pesticides, which threatening the beneficial community environment. Most importantly, BAW developed resistance to pesticides with making it difficult manage. Therefore, alternative environment-friendly management tactics are urgently required. use pesticidal plant extracts provides an effective way for sustainable program. To evaluate against BAW, we selected six species (Lantana camara, Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, Cymbopogon citratus, Nicotiana tabacum , Ocimum basilicum) initial screening experiment. Four out such as A. N. tabacum, C. citratus O. basilicum showed promising mortality more than 50%. these four subsequent experiments. Through contact bioassay, indica high 66.63%, followed by 53.33%, at 10% w/v concentration. Similarly, highest rate, 66% concentration, 46% through feeding bioassay. Furthermore, deterrence assay that had antifeedant index (−50) (−39), (−28). In living assay, extract low mean damage score 3.6 cotton 4.5 5.5. Hence, three provided results can minimize chemicals, particularly small landholding farmers. Further studies also required effects plants under conditions optimize further use.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive review of azadirachtin: physicochemical properties, bioactivities, production, and biosynthesis

Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(4), P. 256 - 270

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Azadirachtin, a complex tetratriterpenoid limonin with potent insecticidal properties, is the most widely used biological pesticide worldwide. Its versatile pharmacological applications include inhibition of tumor growth and anti-malarial, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory properties. Azadirachtin plays pivotal role in pest control novel drug development. The primary source azadirachtin neem tree ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss), an content ranging from 0.3% to 0.5%. Despite market demand for botanical pesticides reaching approximately 100,000 tons per year, annual production China only 1.14 tons. Although can be obtained through plant extraction or chemical synthesis, quantity does not meet China. sluggish pace biosynthesis results limited availability genetic information complexity synthetic pathway. Recent advancements hold promise as efficient collection method. In this study, we explored physicochemical activities, mechanisms action, acquisition methods azadirachtin. We also delved into recent progress assessed potential future usage challenges. This study aims establish theoretical foundation scientific application synthesis azadirachtin, offering valuable reference industry.

Language: Английский

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Immunomodulatory, cyto-genotoxic, and growth regulatory effects of nerolidol on melon fruit fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Toxicon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 233, P. 107248 - 107248

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bio-Efficacy of Plant-Derived Pesticides against Fall Armyworm (&lt;i&gt;Spodoptera frugiperda&lt;/i&gt;) and Their Interactive Effects on Maize Agronomic Performance under Field Conditions

Agricultural Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 1535 - 1546

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Maize is widely cultivated in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and provides farmers with nutrition income. However, the fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) invasion a threat to its production supply. Hence, this field experiment was conducted assess bio-efficacy of plant-derived pesticides (PDPs) against FAW their interactive effects on maize agronomic performance under conditions. The treatments studied were turmeric rhizome extract (TRE), neem leaf ash solution (NLAS), bark (NBE), untreated plots (control) replicated 5 times using randomized complete block design. data subjected analysis variance means separated by Fisher’s protected least significant difference test. result showed that application PDPs significantly reduced infestation during period peak infestation. At 33 DAS, NBE had lowest number larvae (0.6) [F (4, 15) = 5.11, p 0.02] attack intensity (29.8%) 8.69, F 3.58, 0.04] highest harvested ears (5.0) 3.72, fresh ear weights (447 g) 4.65, compared NLAS. TRE NLAS performed poorly relative control. can be used control at high (33 DAS). Moreover, study will provide basic information for future studies biopesticidal plant extracts as conditions PNG.

Language: Английский

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Computational Studies of Potential Insecticidal Limonoids from Neem Against Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

International Journal of Zoological Investigations, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 566A - 574

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is an invasive pest which pose severe economic losses to a variety of crops.Invasion fall armyworm (FAW) causes potential damage staple crops threatens the food security India.To mitigate attack, synthetic insecticide chlorantraniliprole was used by farmers control attack S. frugiperda.However, development pesticide resistance and adverse effects on health environment are major drawbacks in using insecticides.The lethal necessitates search for ecofriendly biopesticide from plant sources considered as good alternatives.Azadirachta indica A. Juss., most promising multipurpose tree species being harnessed synthesis biopesticides due its bioactive compounds possesses antifeedant, ovicidal, larvicidal, oviposition deterrent growth regulating activities against insects.The objective present study evaluate check potency limonoids (Azadirachtin, Nimbin Salannin) kernels via in-silico studies targeting ryanodine receptor insect comparison with chlorantraniliprole.Structure ligands were retrieved PubChem Database.The target protein sequence downloaded UniProtKB modelled SWISS-MODEL.Quality validated ERRAT tool prior docking.After validation, docking carried out SwissDock server all target.Docking results azadirachtin, nimbin, salannin revealed binding energies -7.22, -6.88, -7.08 -7.41 Kcal/mol, respectively.In addition, amino acid interaction also supports affinity phytocompounds, where azadirachtin interacts same that chlorantraniliprole.From results, it can be inferred exhibited affinities towards combination formulation integrated management FAW relatively low toxicity non-target organisms biodegradability.

Language: Английский

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Sublethal effects of growth-regulating insecticides of synthetic and botanical origins on the biological parameters ofSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Bulletin of Entomological Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 113(3), P. 306 - 314

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects growth-regulating insecticides synthetic (e.g., Certero 480 SC, Intrepid 240 Match EC and Mimic SC) botanical origins Azamax 1.2 EC, Agroneem 850 Azact 2.4 Fitoneem EC) on biological parameters fertility life table Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) under laboratory conditions. Larvae were fed that incorporated into artificial diets. To develop table, following evaluated: survival at 7 days after infestation (d.a.i) survivorship adult eclosion, duration neonate-to-adult eclosion period, larval pupal weights total fecundity (number eggs per female). results indicated S. neonates surviving LC25 or LC50 concentrations evaluated showed longer egg-to-adult periods, lower reduced fecundity, when compared control treatment. exposed greatest increase in generation (75 d). In addition, adults emerged from pupae larvae reared an diet containing growth regulating produced fewer females female (Ro). As well as, rates natural population day (rm) insects diet. Our findings that, neem-derived products origin may be employed within integrated management strategies aim keep populations below levels cause economic damage. Similarly, they offer alternatives for insecticide resistance programs.

Language: Английский

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