Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy and Personalized Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 6532 - 6532

Published: June 18, 2021

Ovarian cancer response to immunotherapy is limited; however, the evaluation of sensitive/resistant target treatment subpopulations based on stratification by tumor biomarkers may improve predictiveness immunotherapy. These markers include mutation burden, PD-L1, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, homologous recombination deficiency, and neoantigen intratumoral heterogeneity. Future directions in ovarian utilization these select ideal candidates. This paper reviews role as well novel therapeutics study designs involving that increase likelihood success with cancer.

Language: Английский

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Promises and challenges of adoptive T-cell therapies for solid tumours

British Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 124(11), P. 1759 - 1776

Published: March 29, 2021

Abstract Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and, despite new targeted therapies and immunotherapies, many patients with advanced-stage- or high-risk cancers still die, owing to metastatic disease. Adoptive T-cell therapy, involving the autologous allogeneic transplant tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes genetically modified T cells expressing novel receptors chimeric antigen receptors, has shown promise in treatment cancer patients, durable responses some cases, cure. Technological advances genomics, computational biology, immunology cell manufacturing have brought aspiration individualised for closer reality. This era cell-based therapeutics challenges traditional standards therapeutic interventions provides opportunities paradigm shift our approach therapy. Invited speakers at 2020 symposium discussed three areas—cancer cell-therapy manufacturing—that are essential effective translation solid malignancies. Key been made understanding genetic intratumour heterogeneity, strategies accurately identify neoantigens, overcome exhaustion circumvent tumour immunosuppression after infusion being developed. Advances cell-manufacturing approaches that potential establish cell-therapies as credible options. face but hold great improving clinical outcomes tumours.

Language: Английский

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Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs); a new frontier

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2022

Abstract Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has become a promising therapeutic strategy with encouraging outcomes due to their durable anti-tumor effects. Though, tumor inherent or acquired resistance ICIs accompanied treatment-related toxicities hamper clinical utility. Overall, about 60–70% of patients (e.g., melanoma and lung cancer) who received show no objective response intervention. The mainly caused by alterations in the microenvironment (TME), which turn, supports angiogenesis also blocks cell antitumor activities, facilitating cells' evasion from host immunosurveillance. Thereby, it been supposed validated that combination other means, ranging chemoradiotherapy targeted therapies as well cancer vaccines, can capably compromise blocked therapy. Herein, we have focused on benefits groundbreaking approach context immunotherapy deliver an overview concerning influences addition modalities circumvent ICIs.

Language: Английский

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Overcoming Immune Evasion in Melanoma

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(23), P. 8984 - 8984

Published: Nov. 26, 2020

Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer that develops from transformed melanocytes. It crucial to identify melanoma at its early stages, in situ, as it "curable" this stage. However, after metastasis, difficult treat five-year survival only 25%. In recent years, a better understanding etiology progression has made possible for development targeted therapeutics, such vemurafenib immunotherapies, advanced melanomas. review, we focus on molecular mechanisms mediate progression, with special immune evasion strategies utilized by melanomas, evade host surveillances. The proposed mechanism action roles immunotherapeutic agents, ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, adoptive T- cell therapy plus T-VEC treatment are discussed. implore steps onset exploited these tumor cells, identification biomarkers predict response critical design improved improve clinical outcomes patients deadly disease.

Language: Английский

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Analyzing high-dimensional cytometry data using FlowSOM

Nature Protocols, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 3775 - 3801

Published: June 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) Therapy for Solid Tumor Treatment: Progressions and Challenges

Cancers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(17), P. 4160 - 4160

Published: Aug. 27, 2022

Over the past decade, immunotherapy, especially cell-based has provided new strategies for cancer therapy. Recent clinical studies demonstrated that adopting cell transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) advanced solid tumors showed good efficacy. TIL therapy is a type immunotherapy using patient’s own immune cells from microenvironment tumor to kill cells. In this review, we provide comprehensive summary current and challenges in isolation generation. Moreover, experience summarized discussed, with an emphasis on lymphodepletion regimen, use interleukin-2, related toxicity. Furthermore, highlight trials where used independently combination other types cancers. Finally, limitations, future potential, directions treatment are also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Immunobiology of high-grade serous ovarian cancer: lessons for clinical translation

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 640 - 656

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes for treatment of solid tumors: It takes two to tango?

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 28, 2022

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), frontline soldiers of the adaptive immune system, are recruited into tumor site to fight against tumors. However, their small number and reduced activity limit ability overcome tumor. Enhancement TILs tumors has been interest for a long time. A lack knowledge about microenvironment (TME) limited success in primary TIL therapies. Although advent engineered T cells revolutionized immunotherapy methods hematologic cancers, heterogeneity solid warrants application with wide range specificity. Recent advances understanding TME, exhaustion, checkpoints have paved way therapy regimens. Nowadays, regained attention as safe personalized immunotherapy, currently, several clinical trials evaluating efficacy patients who failed conventional immunotherapies. Gaining favorable outcomes following metastatic melanoma, cervical cancer, ovarian breast cancer raised hope refractory tumors, too. Nevertheless, procedures face challenges, such high cost, timely expansion, technical challenges selecting activating cells. Herein, we reviewed recent discussed perspectives.

Language: Английский

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Single cell analysis in head and neck cancer reveals potential immune evasion mechanisms during early metastasis

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 27, 2023

Profiling tumors at single-cell resolution provides an opportunity to understand complexities underpinning lymph-node metastases in head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma. Single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) analysis of cancer-cell trajectories identifies a subpopulation pre-metastatic cells, driven by actionable pathways including AXL AURK. Blocking these two proteins blunts tumor invasion patient-derived cultures. Furthermore, scRNAseq analyses tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T-lymphocytes show distinct T-cell dysfunction, corroborated their clonal architecture based on receptor sequencing. By determining key modulators trajectories, followed validation using external datasets functional experiments, we uncover role for SOX4 mediating exhaustion. Finally, interactome between cells putative the Midkine pathway immune-modulation this is confirmed from humanized mice. Aside specific findings, study demonstrates importance heterogeneity identifying vulnerabilities during early metastasis.

Language: Английский

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Prospects and challenges of CAR-T cell therapy combined with ICIs

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 20, 2024

Immune checkpoint molecules are a group of expressed on the surface immune cells that primarily regulate their homeostasis. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an immunotherapeutic technology realizes tumor-targeted killing by constructing synthetic expressing specific antigens through biotechnology. Currently, CAR-T has achieved good efficacy in non-solid tumors, but its treatment solid tumors not yielded desired results. inhibitors (ICIs) combined with novel combination high expectations to defeat tumors. This review addresses challenges and this

Language: Английский

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