Signs of stabilisation and stable coexistence DOI Creative Commons
Maarten J. E. Broekman, Helene C. Muller‐Landau, Marco D. Visser

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 1957 - 1975

Published: July 21, 2019

Abstract Many empirical studies motivated by an interest in stable coexistence have quantified negative density dependence, frequency or plant–soil feedback, but the links between these results and ecological theory are not straightforward. Here, we relate analyses to theoretical conditions for stabilisation classical competition models. By stabilisation, mean excess of intraspecific relative interspecific that inherently slows even prevents competitive exclusion. We show most, though all, tests demonstrating feedback constitute sufficient two‐species interactions if applied data per capita population growth rates pairs species, none necessary two species. Potential inferences more limited when communities involve than performance is measured at a single life stage vital rate. then discuss approaches enable stronger coexistence‐invasibility experiments model parameterisation. The parameterisation approach can be typical density‐dependence, frequency‐dependence, sets, generally enables better with mechanisms greater insights, as demonstrated recent studies.

Language: Английский

Survival rates indicate that correlations between community‐weighted mean traits and environments can be unreliable estimates of the adaptive value of traits DOI
Daniel C. Laughlin, Robert T. Strahan, Peter B. Adler

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 411 - 421

Published: Jan. 22, 2018

Correlations between community-weighted mean (CWM) traits and environmental gradients are often assumed to quantify the adaptive value of traits. We tested this assumption by comparing these correlations with models survival probability using 46 perennial species from long-term permanent plots in pine forests Arizona. Survival was modelled as a function trait × environment interactions, plant size, climatic variation neighbourhood competition. The effect on depended conditions, but two statistical approaches were inconsistent. For example, CWM-specific leaf area (SLA) soil fertility uncorrelated. However, highest for low SLA infertile soil, result which agreed expectations derived physiological trade-off underpinning economic theory. CWM trait-environment relationships unreliable estimates how affected survival, should only be used predictive when there is empirical support an evolutionary that affects vital rates.

Language: Английский

Citations

97
Understanding the demographic drivers of realized population growth rates DOI
David N. Koons, Todd W. Arnold, Michael Schaub

et al.

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 2102 - 2115

Published: July 4, 2017

Identifying the demographic parameters (e.g., reproduction, survival, dispersal) that most influence population dynamics can increase conservation effectiveness and enhance ecological understanding. Life table response experiments (LTRE) aim to decompose effects of change in on past outcomes growth rates). But vast majority LTREs other retrospective analyses have focused decomposing asymptotic rates, which do not account for dynamic interplay between structure vital rates shape realized (λt=Nt+1/Nt) time-varying environments. We provide an empirical means overcome these shortcomings by merging recently developed "transient life-table experiments" with integrated models (IPMs). IPMs allow estimation latent are required transient LTRE analysis, Bayesian versions additionally complete error propagation from derivations perturbation rates. By integrating available monitoring data Lesser Scaup over 60 yr, conducting IPM estimates, we found contribution juvenile female survival long-term variation was 1.6 3.7 times larger than adult fecundity, respectively. a persistent decline fecundity explained 92% abundance 1983 2006. In contrast, improvement drove modest recovery since 2006, indicating important drivers temporally dynamic. addition resolving uncertainty about dynamics, merger will strengthen our understanding demography many species as conserve biodiversity during era non-stationary global change.

Language: Английский

Citations

94
How to quantify the temporal storage effect using simulations instead of math DOI
Stephen P. Ellner, Robin E. Snyder, Peter B. Adler

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 1333 - 1342

Published: Sept. 28, 2016

Abstract The storage effect has become a core concept in community ecology, explaining how environmental fluctuations can promote coexistence and maintain biodiversity. However, limitations of existing theory have hindered empirical applications: the need for detailed mathematical analysis whenever study system requires new model, restricted structured populations. We present approach that overcomes both these limitations. show temporal be quantified by Monte Carlo simulations wide range models competing species. use lottery model generic integral projection (IPM) to introduce ideas, two (1) algal species chemostat with variable temperature, showing operate without long‐lived life stage (2) sagebrush steppe IPM. Our results highlight careful modelling nonlinearities so conclusions are not driven unrecognised constraints.

Language: Английский

Citations

93
Microenvironment and functional-trait context dependence predict alpine plant community dynamics DOI Open Access
Benjamin Blonder, Rozália E. Kapás, Rebecca Dalton

et al.

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 106(4), P. 1323 - 1337

Published: June 17, 2018

Abstract Predicting the structure and dynamics of communities is difficult. Approaches linking functional traits to niche boundaries, species co‐occurrence demography are promising, but have so far had limited success. We hypothesized that predictability in community ecology could be improved by incorporating more accurate measures fine‐scale environmental heterogeneity context‐dependent function traits. tested these hypotheses using long term whole‐community data from an alpine plant Colorado. Species distributions along microenvironmental gradients covaried with important for below‐ground processes. Positive associations between across life stages not explained abiotic microenvironment alone, consistent facilitative Rates growth, survival, fecundity recruitment were predicted direct interactive effects trait, microenvironment, macroenvironment neighbourhood axes. Synthesis . Context‐dependent interactions multiple axes needed predict dynamics.

Language: Английский

Citations

88
Signs of stabilisation and stable coexistence DOI Creative Commons
Maarten J. E. Broekman, Helene C. Muller‐Landau, Marco D. Visser

et al.

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 1957 - 1975

Published: July 21, 2019

Abstract Many empirical studies motivated by an interest in stable coexistence have quantified negative density dependence, frequency or plant–soil feedback, but the links between these results and ecological theory are not straightforward. Here, we relate analyses to theoretical conditions for stabilisation classical competition models. By stabilisation, mean excess of intraspecific relative interspecific that inherently slows even prevents competitive exclusion. We show most, though all, tests demonstrating feedback constitute sufficient two‐species interactions if applied data per capita population growth rates pairs species, none necessary two species. Potential inferences more limited when communities involve than performance is measured at a single life stage vital rate. then discuss approaches enable stronger coexistence‐invasibility experiments model parameterisation. The parameterisation approach can be typical density‐dependence, frequency‐dependence, sets, generally enables better with mechanisms greater insights, as demonstrated recent studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

85