Spirulina Microalgae and Brain Health: A Scoping Review of Experimental and Clinical Evidence

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(6), P. 293 - 293

Published: May 22, 2021

Spirulina microalgae contain a plethora of nutrient and non-nutrient molecules providing brain health benefits. Numerous in vivo evidence has provided support for the potential spirulina, highlighting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective mechanisms. Preliminary clinical studies have also suggested that spirulina can help to reduce mental fatigue, protect vascular wall vessels from endothelial damage regulate internal pressure, thus contributing prevention and/or mitigating cerebrovascular conditions. Furthermore, use malnourished children appears ameliorate motor, language, cognitive skills, suggesting reinforcing role developmental Evidence central effect on appetite regulation been shown. This review aims understand applicative mitigation disorders, nutritional value this “superfood”, current knowledge relevant molecular mechanisms associated with its dietary introduction.

Language: Английский

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Modulatory Effects of Autophagy on APP Processing as a Potential Treatment Target for Alzheimer’s Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 5 - 5

Published: Dec. 24, 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the formation of intracellular aggregate composed heavily phosphorylated tau protein and extracellular deposit amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques derived from proteolysis cleavage amyloid precursor (APP). Autophagy refers to lysosomal-mediated degradation cytoplasmic constituents, which plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Importantly, recent studies reported that dysregulation autophagy associated pathogenesis AD, therefore, modulation has gained attention as promising approach treat AD pathogenesis. In both maturation autolysosomes its retrograde transports have been obstructed, causes accumulation autophagic vacuoles eventually leads degenerating dystrophic neurites function. However, mechanism APP processing not yet fully elucidated AD. early stage Aβ accumulation-mediated facilitate removal toxic aggregates via mTOR-dependent -independent pathways. addition, number autophagy-related genes (Atg) are thought influence development providing bidirectional link between pathology. this review, we summarized current observations related regulation focusing on their with progression. Moreover, emphasizes application small molecules natural compounds modulate for clearance deposits pathological condition

Language: Английский

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Benefits under the Sea: The Role of Marine Compounds in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 24 - 24

Published: Jan. 8, 2021

Marine habitats offer a rich reservoir of new bioactive compounds with great pharmaceutical potential; the variety these molecules is unique, and its production favored by chemical physical conditions sea. It known that marine organisms can synthesize to survive from atypical environmental conditions, such as oxidative stress, photodynamic damage, extreme temperature. Recent evidence proposed beneficial role for human health. In particular, xanthines, bryostatin, 11-dehydrosinulariolide displayed encouraging neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative disorders. This review will focus on most promising drugs’ potential disorders, Parkinson’s Alzheimer’s diseases. We describe compounds’ adjuvant therapies diseases, based their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties.

Language: Английский

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Application of Marine Natural Products against Alzheimer’s Disease: Past, Present and Future

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 43 - 43

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease, is one of the most intractable illnesses which affects elderly. Clinically manifested as various impairments in memory, language, cognition, visuospatial skills, executive function, etc., symptoms gradually aggravated over time. The drugs currently used clinically can slow down deterioration AD and relieve but cannot completely cure them. are mainly acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NDMAR) antagonists. pathogenesis inconclusive, it often associated with expression beta-amyloid. Abnormal deposition amyloid hyperphosphorylation tau protein brain have been key targets for past, current, future drug development disease. At present, researchers paying more attention to excavate natural compounds be effective against other pathologies. Marine products demonstrated prospective candidates these compounds, some presented significant neuroprotection functions. Consequently, we intend describe potential effect bioactive derived from marine organisms, including polysaccharides, carotenoids, polyphenols, sterols alkaloids candidates, further discover novel efficacious AD.

Language: Английский

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Neuroprotective Potentials of Marine Algae and Their Bioactive Metabolites: Pharmacological Insights and Therapeutic Advances

Published: May 21, 2020

Beyond their significant contribution to the dietary and industrial supplies, marine algae are considered be a potential source of some unique metabolites with diverse health benefits. The pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholesterol homeostasis, protein clearance anti-amyloidogenic potentials algal endorse protective efficacy against oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired proteostasis which known implicated in pathophysiology neurodegenerative disorders associated complications after cerebral ischemia brain injuries. As was evident various preclinical studies, compounds conferred neuroprotection wide range neurotoxic stressors, oxygen/glucose deprivation, hydrogen peroxide, glutamate, amyloid β, or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and, therefore, hold therapeutic promise for disorders. While number promising neuroprotective capacity have been identified over last decades, few them had access clinical trials. However, recent approval an oligosaccharide, sodium oligomannate, treatment Alzheimer's disease enlightened future algae-based drug discovery. In this review, we briefly outline diseases injuries identifying targets intervention, then review literature on along underlying mechanism, present appraisal advances. We also propose rational strategy facilitate metabolites-based development.

Language: Английский

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Potential Therapeutic Role of Phytochemicals to Mitigate Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Alzheimer’s Disease

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 23 - 23

Published: Dec. 28, 2020

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by decline in cognitive function and neuronal damage. Although the precise pathobiology of AD remains elusive, accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction one underlying causes AD. Mutations or nuclear DNA encode components may cause dysfunction. In particular, electron transport chain complexes, along with interactions pathological proteins are associated Mitochondrial an imbalance production reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress (OS) vice versa. Neuroinflammation another potential contributory factor induces Phytochemicals other natural compounds have scavenge free radicals enhance cellular antioxidant defense systems, thereby protecting against OS-mediated can also modulate processes, including autophagy biogenesis. Therefore, pharmacological intervention via neuroprotective phytochemicals be strategy combat as well This review focuses on role mitigating pathogenesis

Language: Английский

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Characteristics of Polyphenolic Content in Brown Algae of the Pacific Coast of Russia

Molecules, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 3909 - 3909

Published: Aug. 27, 2020

Water and ethanol brown macroalgal extracts of nine species Laminariales four Fucales the Pacific coast Russia were investigated. It has been shown that algae Agarum, Thalassiophyllum, Fucus Cystoseira can be a source polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity. Phenolic content in algal (

Language: Английский

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Butylated hydroxyl-toluene, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, and phytol of Chlorella sp. protect the PC12 cell line against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 112415 - 112415

Published: Nov. 11, 2021

Oxidative stress is considered the main cause of cellular damage in a number neurodegenerative disorders. One suitable ways to prevent cell use exogenous antioxidant capacity natural products, such as microalgae. In present study, four microalgae extracts, isolated from Persian Gulf, were screened analyze their potential activity and free radical scavenging using ABTS, DPPH, FRAP methods. The methanolic extracts (D1M) green derived Chlorella sp. exhibited potent activity. order characterize species, microscopic observations analysis expression 18S rRNA performed. neuroprotective effects D1M on H2O2-induced toxicity PC12 cells investigated. results demonstrated that significantly decreased release nitric oxide (NO), formation intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), level malondialdehyde (MDA), whereas it enhanced content glutathione (GSH), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), catalase (CAT) exposed H2O2. pretreatment improved viability measured by MTT assay invert microscopy, reduced apoptosis examined flow cytometry analysis, increased mitochondrial membrane (MMP), diminished caspase-3 GC/MS revealed ingredients have powerful anti-inflammatory compounds, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenol (2,4-DTBP), phytol. These suggested strong be applied agents, for treatment

Language: Английский

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Biological Potential, Gastrointestinal Digestion, Absorption, and Bioavailability of Algae-Derived Compounds with Neuroprotective Activity: A Comprehensive Review

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 362 - 362

Published: May 28, 2022

Currently, there is no known cure for neurodegenerative disease. However, the available therapies aim to manage some of symptoms Human diseases are a heterogeneous group illnesses characterized by progressive loss neuronal cells and nervous system dysfunction related several mechanisms such as protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neurotransmission dysfunction. Neuroprotective compounds essential in prevention management diseases. This review will focus on neurodegeneration (proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polysaccharides, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, phenolic compounds, among others) present seaweeds that have shown vivo vitro neuroprotective activity. Additionally, it cover recent findings effects bioactive from macroalgae, with their biological potential possible mechanism action, including microbiota modulation. Furthermore, gastrointestinal digestion, absorption, bioavailability be discussed. Moreover, clinical trials using seaweed-based drugs or extracts treat disorders presented, showing real limitations specific metabolite extract may new therapeutic agent considering approval drug Alzheimer’s

Language: Английский

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Effects of Dietary Supplementation of a Microalgae Extract Containing Fucoxanthin Combined with Guarana on Cognitive Function and Gaming Performance

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1918 - 1918

Published: April 15, 2023

Background: Esports competitive gaming requires selective visual attention, memory, quick judgment, and an ability to sustain psychomotor performance over time. Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid, found in specific microalgae varieties such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT), that has been purported possess nootropic neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory antioxidant properties. This study evaluated whether acute 30-day supplementation of extract PT from combined with guarana (a natural source caffeine) affects cognitive function gamers. Materials Methods: In double-blind, placebo-controlled manner, 61 experienced gamers (21.7 ± 4.1 years, 73 13 kg) were randomly assigned ingest placebo (PL), low-dose (LD) supplement containing 440 mg including 1% fucoxanthin +500 40–44 caffeine (MicroPhyt™, Microphyt, Baillargues, FR), or high-dose (HD) 880 for 30 days. At baseline, tests administered before supplementation, 15 min post-supplementation, after 60 gameplay participants’ most played video game. Participants continued days then repeated pre-supplementation post-gaming tests. General linear model univariate analyses measures changes baseline 95% confidence intervals used analyze data. Results: There was some evidence ingestion the improved reaction times, reasoning, learning, executive control, attention shifting (cognitive flexibility), impulsiveness. While seen ingestion, greatest impact appeared benefits LD HD groups. Moreover, there both doses may support mood state supplementation. Registered clinical trial #NCT04851899.

Language: Английский

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