Medical Device-Associated Infections Caused by Biofilm-Forming Microbial Pathogens and Controlling Strategies

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 623 - 623

Published: July 4, 2024

Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial include bloodstream surgical site skin and soft tissue respiratory tract urinary infections. According to reports, Gram-positive Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria account for up 70% of infections in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Biofilm production is a main virulence mechanism distinguishing feature bacterial pathogens. Most pathogens develop biofilms at the solid-liquid air-liquid interfaces. An essential requirement biofilm presence conditioning film. A film provides first surface on which can adhere fosters growth by creating favorable environment. The improves microbial adherence delivering chemical signals or generating microenvironments. Microorganisms use this coating nutrient source. gathers both inorganic organic substances from its surroundings, these are generated microbes These nutrients boost initial adhering facilitate formation acting food Coatings with combined antibacterial efficacy antifouling properties provide further benefits preventing dead cells debris surfaces. In present review, we address numerous that form surfaces biomedical devices. addition, explore several efficient smart antiadhesive coatings device-relevant materials manage caused biofilm-forming

Language: Английский

---

Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 393 - 393

Published: May 8, 2024

Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, implantation of these is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% nosocomial infections (NIs) linked biofilms. The main complication ability microorganisms adhere surfaces form biofilms which protect them help persist host. Indeed, crossing skin barrier, insertion VC inevitably allows flora or accidental environmental contaminants access underlying tissues cause fatal complications like bloodstream (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate 12 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated tract (CA-UTIs) most commonlyhospital-acquired (HAIs) worldwide.These represent up 40% NIs.In this review, we present summary biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview two important clinical settings medical devices, namely catheter-asociated (CA-BSIs) (CA-UTIs), highlight also multidrug resistant bacteria implicated infections. Furthermore, draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, advanced antimicrobial antifouling approaches developed reduce bacterial colonization on catheter incidence catheter-related

Language: Английский

---

Biochemistry of Bacterial Biofilm: Insights into Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms and Therapeutic Intervention

Life, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 49 - 49

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Biofilms, composed of structured communities bacteria embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix, pose significant challenge due to their heightened resistance antibiotics and immune responses. This review highlights the mechanisms underpinning antibiotic within bacterial biofilms, elucidating adaptive strategies employed by microorganisms withstand conventional antimicrobial agents. encompasses role altered gene expression, formation persister cells, contributing recalcitrance biofilms eradication. A comprehensive understanding these provides for exploring innovative therapeutic interventions. study explores promising avenues future research, emphasizing necessity uncovering specific genetic phenotypic adaptations occurring biofilms. The identification vulnerabilities biofilm architecture elucidation key biofilm-specific targets emerge as crucial focal points development targeted strategies. In addressing limitations traditional antibiotics, this discusses approaches. Nanomaterials with inherent properties, quorum-sensing inhibitors disrupting communication, bacteriophages viral agents are highlighted potential alternatives. exploration combination therapies, involving agents, biofilm-disrupting enzymes, immunomodulators, is emphasized enhance efficacy existing treatments overcome resilience.

Language: Английский

---

Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Biomaterials and Approaches to Its Treatment and Prevention

Published: June 30, 2023

Bacterial biofilms can cause widespread infection. In addition to causing urinary tract infections and pulmonary in patients with cystic fibrosis, help microorganisms adhere the surfaces of various medical devices, biofilm-associated on biomaterials such as venous ducts, joint prostheses, mechanical heart valves, catheters. Biofilms provide a protective barrier for bacteria resistance antimicrobial agents, which increases morbidity mortality patients. This review introduces formation process drug mechanism detail, further summarizes main characteristics clinical persistent infection caused by many methods treating biomaterial-related biofilm. provides ideas directions development new biofilm strategies related therapeutic materials.

Language: Английский

---

Lipid Nanocarriers-Enabled Delivery of Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Adjuvants to Overcome Bacterial Biofilms

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 396 - 396

Published: March 14, 2024

The opportunistic bacteria growing in biofilms play a decisive role the pathogenesis of chronic infectious diseases. Biofilm-dwelling behave differently than planktonic and are likely to increase resistance tolerance antimicrobial therapeutics. Antimicrobial adjuvants have emerged as promising strategy combat (AMR) restore efficacy existing antibiotics. A combination antibiotics potential adjuvants, (e.g., extracellular polymeric substance (EPS)-degrading enzymes quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) can improve effects potentially reduce bacterial resistance). In addition, encapsulation antimicrobials within nanoparticulate systems their stability delivery into biofilms. Lipid nanocarriers (LNCs) been established having with adjuvants. Among them, liquid crystal nanoparticles (LCNPs), liposomes, solid lipid (SLNs), nanostructured carriers (NLCs) due superior properties compared traditional formulations, including greater biocompatibility, higher drug loading capacity, protection from chemical or enzymatic degradation, controlled release, targeted delivery, ease preparation, scale-up feasibility. This article reviews recent advances developing various LNCs co-deliver some well-studied combined different classes. treatments is against biofilms, synergistic therapeutics that deserve further investigation also highlighted. review identifies for therapies development. It discusses how LNC-enabled co-delivery advance current clinical treatments, leading innovative products, enabling reuse antibiotics, providing opportunities saving millions lives infections.

Language: Английский

---

Etiology, pathology, and host-impaired immunity in medical implant-associated infections

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 189 - 203

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

Host impaired immunity and pathogens adhesion factors are the key elements in analyzing medical implant-associated infections (MIAI). The infection chances further influenced by surface properties of implants. This review addresses summarizes etiology, pathology, host-impaired MIAI. Several bacterial fungal have been isolated from MIAI; together, they form cross-kingdom species biofilms support each other different ways. initiate pathogen's adherence on implant's surface; however, implant-induced promotes colonization biofilm formation. Depending properties, immune cell functions get slow or exaggerated cause immunity-induced secondary complications resulting resistant depression immuno-incompetent fibro-inflammatory zone that compromise performance. Such consequences lead to unavoidable straightforward conclusion for downstream transformation new ideas, such as development multifunctional implant coatings.

Language: Английский

---

Bacteriology of endotracheal tube biofilms and antibiotic resistance: a systematic review

Journal of Hospital Infection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 146 - 157

Published: March 23, 2024

Bacteria commonly adhere to surfaces and produce polymeric material encase the attached cells form communities called biofilms. Within these biofilms, bacteria can appear be many times more resistant antibiotics or disinfectants. This systematic review explores prevalence microbial profile associated with biofilm production of isolated from endotracheal tubes its associations antimicrobial resistance. A comprehensive search was performed on databases PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar for relevant articles published between 1

Language: Английский

---

Attenuation of biofilm and virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by tetramethylpyrazine-gold nanoparticles

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 106658 - 106658

Published: April 20, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Phenotypic and Genotypic Assays to Evaluate Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Biofilm Production in Bloodstream Infections

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 126 - 126

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are commensal on human body surfaces and, for years, they were not considered a cause of bloodstream infection and often regarded as contamination. However, the involvement CoNS in nosocomial is increasingly being recognized. The insertion cannulas intravascular catheters represents primary source entry into bloodstream, causing bacteremia sepsis. They owe their pathogenic role to ability produce biofilms surfaces, such medical devices. In this study, we evaluate adhesive capacity isolated from blood cultures by comparing spectrophotometric phenotypic assay with genotypic analysis based evidence

Language: Английский

---

Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Efficacy of Layer-by-Layer Silver Nanoparticle/Polyacrylic Acid-Coated Titanium Using an In-House Dip Coater

Polymers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 333 - 333

Published: Jan. 25, 2025

The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is still posing a global challenge in healthcare settings. This bacterial strain cause severe periprosthetic infection, thereby impairing the success implant insertion. To address this issue, surface modification required. Herein, we developed novel multilayered silver nanoparticle/polyacrylic acid-coated Ti plate (AgNPs/PAA/Ti) using an in-house dip coater. AgNPs were synthesized and characterized. dip-coating process was optimized based on dipping rate, evaporation time, coating cycle number. Uniform reproducible coatings achieved surfaces, with consistency verified through SEM analysis. average size approximately 36.50 ± 0.80 nm PDI 0.443 0.025, zeta potential measured at around –23.3 2.0 mV. maximum thickness 83.5 1.3 µm observed 15 cycles coating. Moreover, our AgNPs/PAA/Ti showed both antimicrobial biofilm-resistant performance, while also exhibiting enhanced biocompatibility cultured MG63 osteosarcoma cells, maintaining cell viability greater than 70%. We envisage that material holds significant promise as candidate for medical devices, offering protection against MRSA-associated infection insertion sites low vascularity future.

Language: Английский

---