A Weapon Against Implant-Associated Infections: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potential of Biomaterials with Titanium Nitride and Titanium Nitride-Silver Nanoparticle Electrophoretic Deposition Coatings

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1646 - 1646

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Implant-associated infections are a frequent complication of surgeries involving biomaterial implants. Staphylococcus and Enterococcus species the leading causes linked to bone-anchored joint To address this challenge, developing antibacterial coatings prevent bacterial attachment biofilm formation on biomaterials is critical. This study aimed evaluate antibiofilm properties two coatings: titanium nitride (TiN) with silver nanoparticles (TiN/Ag). Antibacterial activity was tested against common biofilm-forming pathogens, including Escherichia coli, aureus, faecalis, faecium. The results demonstrated that both significantly reduced cell counts, TiN/Ag coating showing superior performance due addition nanoparticles. enhancement particularly effective in reducing across all strains, most pronounced effects observed for E. faecium faecalis. synergistically improved TiN coating, efficiently disrupting integrity adhesion. By surfaces, offer promising strategy minimize complications associated These findings highlight potential medical applications.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of avocado seed extract in preventing, inhibiting, and eliminating Prevotella intermedia biofilms: An in vitro study

Veterinary World, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 408 - 418

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Background and Aim: Prevotella intermedia is a significant contributor to periodontitis, capable of forming biofilms that resist antibiotics complicate treatment. Avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) are rich in bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, which exhibit potential antibiofilm activity. This study aims evaluate the efficacy avocado seed ethanol extract preventing biofilm attachment, inhibiting formation, eradicating established P. vitro. Materials Methods: A post-test-only control group design was employed using (ATCC 25611). Ten groups were included: Bacterial negative controls, positive (chlorhexidine), experimental with concentrations (3.25%–9.25%). Biofilm activity assessed 96-well microtiter plates, crystal violet staining, optical density measurements at 595 nm determine minimum prevention (MBPC), inhibition (MBIC), eradication (MBEC). Statistical analysis conducted one-way ANOVA Bonferroni post hoc tests. Results: assays showed dose-dependent increase efficacy. The highest attachment (82.67%), formation (84.26%), (86.04%) observed 9.25%. Significant differences (p < 0.05) found between groups, no > 8.25%–9.25% extracts chlorhexidine. MBPC50, MBIC50, MBEC50 identified concentration 6.25%, achieving >50% prevention, inhibition, eradication. Conclusion: demonstrated properties against intermedia, comparable chlorhexidine higher concentrations. compounds – alkaloids likely contributed these effects through mechanisms such as quorum sensing disruption bacterial adhesion, destabilization structures. These findings highlight promising natural alternative for managing periodontitis-related infections. Keywords: extract, biofilm, agent, intermedia.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial management of unresectable embolisation agent infection: a case report

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 253, P. 108894 - 108894

Published: April 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired Soft Machines: Engineering Nature’s Grace into Future Innovations

Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 158 - 158

Published: April 28, 2025

This article explores the transformative advances in soft machines, where biology, materials science, and engineering have converged. We discuss remarkable adaptability versatility of whose designs draw inspiration from nature’s elegant solutions. From intricate movements octopus tentacles to resilience an elephant’s trunk, nature provides a wealth for designing robots capable navigating complex environments with grace efficiency. Central this advancement is ongoing research into bioinspired materials, which serve as building blocks creating machines lifelike behaviors adaptive capabilities. By fostering collaboration innovation, we can unlock new possibilities shaping future seamlessly integrate interact natural world, offering solutions humanity’s most pressing challenges.

Language: Английский

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Combined Effects of Dual-Scale Modified Surface with Micro- and Nanostructures on the Cellular Biocompatibility, Osteoinduction, and Antibacterial Properties of Titanium Implants

Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 157 - 157

Published: April 28, 2025

Titanium implants are widely used in biomedical applications due to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, implant-associated bacterial infections suboptimal osseointegration remain significant challenges. Recent studies have demonstrated that the interplay between micro- nanostructures can enhance both biocompatibility antibacterial properties. This study explores synergistic effects of hierarchical dual surface topography on Ti surfaces with demonstrate ability promote cellular osteoinduction while simultaneously inhibiting colonization. The combination selective laser melting (SLM) create micro-structured hydrothermal processes is generate distinctive nanopillar structures. By integrating nanoscale features mimic extracellular matrix microscale topographies influence responses, we achieve a balance enhanced antimicrobial performance. physicochemical these dual-scale characterized through assays using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), demonstrating sustained support for long-term cell viability (above 78% MTT NR (p < 0.05), low levels LDH release, high migration) (statistically 0.0001) ALP activity increase higher calcified deposition, upregulation OCN genes compared smooth topographies). Their against S. aureus E. coli showed reduction 0.05) attachment biofilm formation. Our findings highlight potential multi-scale modifications as promising strategy next-generation titanium implants, paving way improved clinical outcomes orthopedic applications.

Language: Английский

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Anti-Biofilm Strategies: A Focused Review on Innovative Approaches

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 639 - 639

Published: March 22, 2024

Biofilm (BF) can give rise to systemic infections, prolonged hospitalization times, and, in the worst case, death. This review aims provide an overview of recent strategies for prevention and destruction pathogenic BFs. First, main phases life cycle BF maturation will be described identify potential targets anti-BF approaches. Then, approach acting on bacterial adhesion, quorum sensing (QS), extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix introduced discussed. Finally, bacteriophage-mediated presented as innovative approaches against inhibition/destruction.

Language: Английский

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Biofilm Production and Its Implications in Pediatrics

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1522 - 1522

Published: July 25, 2024

Biofilms, aggregates of bacteria enclosed in a self-produced matrix, have been implicated various pediatric respiratory infections, including acute otitis media (AOM), with effusion (OME), adenoiditis, protracted bacterial bronchitis, and pulmonary exacerbations cystic fibrosis. These infections are prevalent children often associated biofilm-producing pathogens, leading to recurrent chronic conditions. Biofilms reduce antibiotic efficacy, contributing treatment failure disease persistence. This narrative review discusses biofilm production by pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus. It examines their mechanisms formation, resistance, the challenges they present clinical treatment. Various antibiofilm strategies shown promise vitro animal studies, use N-acetylcysteine, enzymes like dispersin B, agents disrupting quorum sensing matrix components. However, application, particularly children, remains limited. Traditional treatments for biofilm-associated diseases not significantly evolved, even detection. The transition from experimental findings practice is complex requires robust trials standardized detection protocols. Addressing biofilms crucial improving outcomes managing effectively.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Nutrient Starvation on Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An Analysis of Growth, Adhesion, and Spatial Distribution

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 987 - 987

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Objectives: This study investigates the impact of nutrient availability on growth, adhesion, and biofilm formation Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 under static conditions. Methods: Bacterial behaviour was evaluated in nutrient-rich Luria–Bertani (LB) broth nutrient-limited M9 media, specifically lacking carbon (M9-C), nitrogen (M9-N), or phosphorus (M9-P). adhesion analysed microscopically during transition from reversible to irreversible attachment (up 120 min) production/maturation stages 72 h). Results: Results demonstrated that LB media supported bacterial whereas nutrient-starved conditions halted with M9-C M9-N inducing stationary phases M9-P leading cell death. Fractal analysis employed characterise spatial distribution complexity patterns, revealing affected both density architecture, particularly M9-C. In addition, live/dead staining confirmed a higher proportion dead cells over time (at 48 Conclusions: highlights how starvation influences dispersion, offering insights into survival strategies P. resource-limited environments. These findings should contribute better understanding dynamics, implications for managing biofilm-related infections industrial biofouling.

Language: Английский

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Antibacterial activity of bacteriophage-encoded endolysins against planktonic and biofilm cells of pathogenic Escherichia coli

Microbial Pathogenesis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 106780 - 106780

Published: July 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Recruitment of Vitronectin by Bacterial Pathogens: A Comprehensive Overview

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1385 - 1385

Published: July 8, 2024

The key factor that enables pathogenic bacteria to establish successful infections lies largely in their ability escape the host's immune response and adhere host surfaces. Vitronectin (Vn) is a multidomain glycoprotein ubiquitously present blood extracellular matrix of several tissues, where it plays important roles as regulator membrane attack complex (MAC) formation mediator cell adhesion. Vn has emerged an intriguing target for microorganisms. binding by bacterial receptors confers protection from lysis resulting MAC deposition. Furthermore, through its Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif, can bind integrins. Therefore, recruited functions molecular bridge between surfaces, triggers signaling events could promote internalization. Each bacterium uses different recognize specific domains. In this review, we update current knowledge major pathogens, emphasizing role they may play upon binding. Focusing on structural properties proteins, provide details residues involved interaction with Vn. discuss possible involvement adsorption biomaterials promoting adhesion abiotic surfaces infection.

Language: Английский

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