Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis

Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Background: Following the roll-out of Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2, Moderna mRNA-1273, and Janssen Ad26.COV2.S coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) injections in United States, millions individuals have reported adverse events (AEs) using vaccine reports system (VAERS). The objective this analysis is to describe myocarditis data VAERS COVID-19 vaccines as potential determinants myocarditis. Methods: We used examine frequency reporting since beginning mass vaccination campaign compared with historical values administration from Our World Data database. examined context sex, age, dose. Statistical was done Student’s t-test determine statistically significant differences between ages among chi-square test relationships categorical variables statistical significance. Results: found number after 2021 223 times higher than average all combined for past 30 years. This represented a 2500% increase absolute first year when comparing prior 2021. Demographic revealed that occurred most youths (50%) males (69%). A total 76% cases resulted emergency care hospitalization. Of reports, 92 died (3%). Myocarditis more likely dose 2 ( p < 0.00001) less years age were older acquire 0.00001). Conclusion: strongly associated serious safety signal myocarditis, particularly children young adults resulting hospitalization death. Further investigation into underlying mechanisms vaccine-induced imperative create effective mitigation strategies ensure programs across populations.

Language: Английский

Antibody Dependent Enhancement (ADE) of Infection into Macrophages Validates the Importance of HERV-K102 Particle Production for Pandemic Preparedness

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Historically, macrophages have been long implicated in the control of severity infectious diseases. This has based on observations a higher risk severe disease and death upon rechallenge with viral variants due to antibody dependent enhance-ment (ADE) infection into macrophages. The question remains as what can account for this potent heterologous protection macrophages? Here it is argued that elusive defense mechanism M1-like pro-inflammatory may pertain novel virus anti-virus response. system initiates high replication human endogenous retrovirus K102 (HERV-K102), non-pathogenic, protector foamy humans which generates macrophages, glycolysis, epigenetic changes, all characteristic trained immunity. virus-anti-virus kills virally infected cells by several mechanisms, amplifies innate interferon response via &lsquo;viral mimicry&rsquo;, many unique components interfere exoge-nous replication, be especially adept at neutralizing enveloped exogenous pandemic viruses, such SARS-CoV-2 HIV-1. goal treatise introduce multifaceted HERV-K102 system, illustrate how target ADE, explore exploited preparedness.

Language: Английский

Autopsy Proven Fatal COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Myocarditis

Published: July 18, 2023

Background: COVID-19 vaccines have been linked to myocarditis which in some circumstances can be fatal. This systematic review aims investigate potential causal links between and death from using post-mortem analysis. Methods: We performed a of all published autopsy reports involving vaccination-related through July 3rd, 2023. All studies that include vaccine-induced as possible cause were included, without imposing any additional restrictions. Causality each case was determined by three independent reviewers with cardiac pathology experience expertise. Results: initially identified 1,691 and, after screening for our inclusion criteria, included 14 papers contained 28 cases. The cardiovascular system the only organ affected 26 In 2 cases, characterized consequence multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS). mean median number days last vaccination until 6.2 3 days, respectively. Most deaths occurred within week injection. established causally adjudication. Conclusions: temporal relationship, internal external consistency seen among cases this known myocarditis, its pathobiological mechanisms related excess death, complemented confirmation, adjudication, application Bradford Hill criteria overall epidemiology vaccine suggests there is high likelihood link suspected where sudden, unexpected has vaccinated person. Urgent investigation required purpose risk stratification mitigation order reduce population occurrence fatal myocarditis.

Language: Английский