Immunomodulatory Compounds from the Sea: From the Origins to a Modern Marine Pharmacopoeia
Marine Drugs,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(7), P. 304 - 304
Published: June 28, 2024
From
sea
shores
to
the
abysses
of
deep
ocean,
marine
ecosystems
have
provided
humanity
with
valuable
medicinal
resources.
The
use
organisms
is
discussed
in
ancient
pharmacopoeias
different
times
and
geographic
regions
still
deeply
rooted
traditional
medicine.
Thanks
present-day,
large-scale
bioprospecting
rigorous
screening
for
bioactive
metabolites,
ocean
coming
back
as
an
untapped
resource
natural
compounds
therapeutic
potential.
This
renewed
interest
drugs
propelled
by
a
burgeoning
research
field
investigating
molecular
mechanisms
which
newly
identified
intervene
pathophysiology
human
diseases.
Of
great
clinical
relevance
are
molecules
endowed
anti-inflammatory
immunomodulatory
properties
emerging
applications
management
chronic
inflammatory
disorders,
autoimmune
diseases,
cancer.
Here,
we
review
historical
development
pharmacology
Eastern
Western
worlds
describe
status
drug
discovery.
Finally,
discuss
importance
conducting
sustainable
exploitation
resources
through
biotechnology.
Language: Английский
Distribution, Biosynthesis, and Function of Carotenoids in Oxygenic Phototrophic Algae
Marine Drugs,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(2), P. 62 - 62
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
For
photosynthesis,
oxygenic
phototrophic
organisms
necessarily
contain
not
only
chlorophylls
but
also
carotenoids.
Various
carotenoids
have
been
identified
in
algae
and
taxonomic
studies
of
conducted.
In
this
review,
the
relationship
between
distribution
phylogeny
sea
freshwater
phototrophs,
including
cyanobacteria,
red
algae,
brown
green
is
summarized.
These
phototrophs
division-
or
class-specific
carotenoids,
such
as
fucoxanthin,
peridinin,
diadinoxanthin,
siphonaxanthin.
The
β-carotene
its
derivatives,
β-carotene,
zeaxanthin,
violaxanthin,
neoxanthin,
peridinin
(β-branch
carotenoids),
are
limited
to
divisions
a
part
Rhodophyta,
Cryptophyta,
Heterokontophyta,
Haptophyta,
Dinophyta.
Meanwhile,
α-carotene
lutein,
loroxanthin,
siphonaxanthin
(α-branch
Rhodophyta
(macrophytic
type),
Euglenophyta,
Chlorarachniophyta,
Chlorophyta.
addition,
carotenogenesis
pathways
discussed
based
on
chemical
structures
known
characteristics
enzymes
other
organisms.
specific
genes
for
yet
known.
Most
bind
membrane-bound
pigment-protein
complexes,
reaction
centers
light-harvesting
complexes.
Some
function
photosynthesis
briefly
Water-soluble
peridinin-chlorophyll
a-protein
(PCP)
orange
carotenoid
protein
(OCP)
characterized.
This
review
summary
update
from
previous
major
primary
pathways,
genes.
Language: Английский
Marine Phytoplankton Bioactive Lipids and Their Perspectives in Clinical Inflammation
Marine Drugs,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(2), P. 86 - 86
Published: Feb. 17, 2025
Marine
phytoplankton
is
an
emerging
source
of
immunomodulatory
bioactive
lipids
(BLs).
Under
physiological
growth
conditions
and
upon
stress
challenges,
several
eukaryotic
microalgal
species
accumulate
lipid
metabolites
that
resemble
the
precursors
animal
mediators
inflammation:
eicosanoids
prostaglandins.
Therefore,
marine
could
serve
as
a
biotechnological
platform
to
produce
functional
BLs
with
therapeutic
applications
in
management
chronic
inflammatory
diseases
other
clinical
conditions.
However,
be
commercially
competitive,
lipidic
precursor
yields
should
enhanced.
Beside
tailoring
cultivation
native
producers,
genetic
engineering
feasible
strategy
accrue
production
introduce
heterologous
biosynthetic
pathways
hosts.
Here,
we
present
state-of-the-art
research
on
from
discuss
synthetic
biology
approaches
boost
their
light-driven
biosynthesis.
Language: Английский
Both major xanthophyll cycles present in nature can provide Non-Photochemical Quenching in the model diatomPhaeodactylum tricornutum
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 22, 2024
Abstract
Xanthophyll
cycling
contributes
to
photoprotection
by
regulating
Non-Photochemical
Quenching
(NPQ).
While
most
photosynthetic
eukaryotes
including
land
plants
use
the
violaxanthin
cycle,
some
algae
like
diatoms
and
haptophytes
rely
on
diadinoxanthin
cycle
for
photoprotection.
These
also
contain
minor
amounts
of
pigments,
serving
as
precursors
in
xanthophylls
biosynthesis.
Both
cycles
are
catalyzed
enzymes
de-epoxidase
(VDE)
zeaxanthin
epoxidase
(ZEP).
Here,
we
characterized
role
VDE
different
ZEP-encoding
paralogs
(
ZEP2
ZEP3
)
model
diatom
Phaeodactylum
tricornutum
.
knockout
significantly
impaired
lack
led
sustained
accumulation
instead
pigments
under
high
irradiance,
with
no
negative
effect
NPQ
capacity.
We
demonstrate
that
both
major
xanthophyll
present
nature
can
function
comparable
efficiency
within
same
species,
offering
a
new
perspective
evolution
xanthophyll-mediated
Language: Английский