Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology in the Retina

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 101, P. 101273 - 101273

Published: May 15, 2024

The retina is an emerging CNS target for potential noninvasive diagnosis and tracking of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have identified the pathological hallmarks AD, including amyloid β-protein (Aβ) deposits abnormal tau protein isoforms, in retinas AD patients animal models. Moreover, structural functional vascular abnormalities such as reduced blood flow, Aβ deposition, blood-retinal barrier damage, along with inflammation neurodegeneration, been described mild cognitive impairment dementia. Histological, biochemical, clinical studies demonstrated that nature severity pathologies brain correspond. Proteomics analysis revealed a similar pattern dysregulated proteins biological pathways patients, enhanced inflammatory neurodegenerative processes, impaired oxidative-phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction. Notably, investigational imaging technologies can now detect AD-specific deposits, well vasculopathy neurodegeneration living suggesting alterations at different stages links to pathology. Current exploratory ophthalmic modalities, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography, confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, hyperspectral imaging, may offer promise assessment AD. However, further research needed deepen our understanding AD's impact on its progression. To advance this field, future require replication larger diverse cohorts confirmed biomarkers standardized retinal techniques. This will validate aiding early screening monitoring.

Language: Английский

---

Association of periodontitis with cognitive decline and its progression: Contribution of blood‐based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease to this relationship

Journal Of Clinical Periodontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 50(11), P. 1444 - 1454

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Abstract Aim To assess whether periodontitis is associated with cognitive decline and its progression as well certain blood‐based markers of Alzheimer's disease. Materials Methods Data from a 2‐year follow‐up prospective cohort study ( n = 101) was analysed. Participants previous history hypertension aged ≥60 years were included in the analysis. All them received full‐mouth periodontal examination function assessments (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE) Mini‐Mental State [MMSE]). Plasma levels amyloid beta (Aβ) 1‐40 , Aβ 1‐42 phosphorylated total Tau (p‐Tau t‐Tau) determined at baseline, 12 24 months. Results Periodontitis poor performance (MMSE: β −1.5 [0.6]) impairment (hazard ratio [HR] 1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.0–3.1). Subjects showed greater baseline p‐Tau (1.6 [0.7] vs. 1.2 [0.2] pg/mL, p < .001) (242.1 [77.3] 208.2 [73.8] .036) compared those without periodontitis. Concentrations latter protein also increased over time only group .005). Conclusions elderly patients hypertension. Overexpression may play role this association.

Language: Английский

---

Hypertension linked to Alzheimer’s disease via stroke: Mendelian randomization

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hypertension and Alzheimer's disease (AD) demonstrate key role of stroke in this using mediating Mendelian randomization. AD, a neurodegenerative characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment, behavioral abnormalities, severely affects quality life patients. Hypertension is an important risk factor for AD. However, precise mechanism underlying unclear. To we used mediated randomization method screened variables AD setting instrumental variables. The results analysis showed that stroke, as variable, plays causal Specifically, indirect effect value obtained multivariate MR was 54.9%. implies approximately 55% owing can be attributed stroke. suggest increased through finding not only sheds light on but also indicates novel methods prevention treatment By identifying critical link provides insights into potential interventions could mitigate impact help develop personalized treatments improve patients with who suffer from hypertension.

Language: Английский

---

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 localized to primary endothelial cilia regulates blood pressure and cognition

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Revealing Lingonberry’s Neuroprotective Potential in Alzheimer’s Disease Through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2363 - 2363

Published: March 6, 2025

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with limited treatment options. Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) has demonstrated neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study employed network pharmacology, molecular docking, dynamics simulations to explore therapeutic potential in disease. Pathway analysis identified monoamine oxidase B as key target involved serotonergic synapse dysfunction related Molecular docking revealed that ferulic acid, major bioactive compound lingonberry, exhibits strong binding affinity B. Further confirmed stability of this interaction, highlighting inhibitory effect acid on These findings provide novel insights into lingonberry suggest its natural intervention for

Language: Английский

---

Frontiers and hotspot evolution in research on Alzheimer’s disease and hypertension: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 28, 2025

Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative that imposes heavy burden on patients and their families. Hypertension an important risk factor for AD, but the specific mechanism of its impact still unclear. This study thus aimed to analyze relationship trend changes between AD hypertension through bibliometric methods. Methods Literature was retrieved from Web Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database 2004 2023. Data regarding countries, institutions, authors journals were sourced WoSCC. CiteSpace VOSviewer used data visualization, including author collaboration, timelines view references, reference bursts overlay visualization maps keywords. Excel 2018 software statistical analysis. Results A total 1,833 publications ultimately included. From 2023, number per year basically showed increasing trend. The United States (United States) not only had largest output highest H-index also seven frequencies publication institutions. Kehoe, Patrick ranked first with most articles among 9,330 authors. journal published Journal Disease. Reference analysis revealed hotspot in exploration pathophysiological association hypertension. Second, treatment effects potential risks antihypertensive drugs (AHDs) are focus research. Researchers have carried out series studies ranging basic research clinical AHDs AD. Finally, personalized strategies will become one hotspots future Controlling lifestyle medication interventions promising strategy. keywords “amyloid deposition,” “preeclampsia,” “Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)” “biomarkers” been recent years. Conclusion By analyzing references keywords, we summarized hot topics trends this field. These findings provide useful information researchers explore further, hope providing more effective treatments delay progression improve quality life.

Language: Английский

---

Resistance Exercise Training as a New Trend in Alzheimer’s Disease Research: From Molecular Mechanisms to Prevention

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 7084 - 7084

Published: June 27, 2024

Alzheimer's disease is a pathology characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal connections, which leads to gray matter atrophy in brain. most prevalent type dementia and has been classified into two types, early onset, associated with genetic factors, late environmental factors. One greatest challenges regarding high economic cost involved, why number studies aimed at prevention treatment have increased. possible approach use resistance exercise training, given that it shown neuroprotective effects disease, such as increasing cortical hippocampal volume, improving neuroplasticity, promoting cognitive function throughout life cycle. However, how training specifically prevents or ameliorates not fully characterized. Therefore, aim this review was identify molecular basis could prevent treat disease.

Language: Английский

---

Hypertension and Cognitive Disorders

Cardiology in Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Systemic hypertension is possibly the most important modifiable risk factor for development of cognitive decline, both mild impairment (MCI) and dementia. For effective blood pressure (BP) control, it requires proper assessment, using brachial, central, ambulatory measurements, monitoring with a focus on different BP parameters. Different parameters like pulse pressure, mean arterial variability, circadian parameters, nondippers early morning surge, should be considered in evaluation decline due to middle age older adults. Chronic causes vascular remodeling brain leads failure or decline. Achieving specific goals can improve clinical outcomes slow down patients comorbid impairment.

Language: Английский

---

Sound and Alzheimer’s Disease—From Harmful Noise to Beneficial Soundscape Augmentation and Music Therapy

Noise and Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(123), P. 445 - 448

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Exposure to sound energy may be a risk factor or therapeutic intervention for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). On one hand, noise has harmful effect on people with AD by contributing hearing loss, sleep disturbance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity. But the other clinical trials nursing home interventions soundscape augmentation involving natural sounds have shown promising results in alleviating psychophysiological symptoms AD. Music therapy, an emerging non-pharmacological treatment, can improve cognition, reduce anxiety depression, enhance self-awareness patients To ensure that music does not become trials, only favorite at levels safe should used. From public health standpoint, countermeasures, sounds, active passive engagement regarded as potentially powerful strategies prevention of

Language: Английский

---

Comorbidities Incorporated to Improve Prediction for Prevalent Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease in the HABS-HD Study

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96(4), P. 1529 - 1546

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Background: Blood biomarkers have the potential to transform Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis and monitoring, yet their integration with common medical comorbidities remains insufficiently explored. Objective: This study aims enhance blood biomarkers’ sensitivity, specificity, predictive performance by incorporating comorbidities. We assess this integration’s efficacy in diagnostic classification using machine learning, hypothesizing that it can identify a confident set of features. Methods: analyzed data from 1,705 participants Health Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities, including 116 AD patients, 261 mild cognitive impairment, 1,328 cognitively normal controls. samples were assayed electrochemiluminescence single molecule array technology, alongside comorbidity gathered through clinical interviews records. visually explored biomarker characteristics, developed Feature Importance SVM-based Leave-One-Out Recursive Elimination (FI-SVM-RFE-LOO) method optimize feature selection, compared four models: Biomarker Only, Comorbidity Comorbidity, Feature-Selected Comorbidity. Results: The combination model 17 12 variables outperformed single-modal models, NPV12 at 92.78%, AUC 67.59%, Sensitivity 65.70%. selection led 22 chosen features, resulting highest performance, 93.76%, 69.22%, 70.69%. Additionally, interpretative learning highlighted factors contributing improved prediction performance. Conclusions: In conclusion, combining feature-selected enhances while optimizes integration. These findings hold promise for understanding pathophysiology advancing preventive treatments.

Language: Английский

---