A Peek into Pandora’s Box: COVID-19 and Neurodegeneration

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 190 - 190

Published: Jan. 30, 2022

Ever since it was first reported in Wuhan, China, the coronavirus-induced disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has become an enigma sorts with ever expanding reports direct and indirect effects severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on almost all vital organ systems. Along inciting pulmonary complications, virus attacks cardiac, renal, hepatic, gastrointestinal systems as well central nervous system (CNS). The person-to-person variability susceptibility individuals to severity still remains a puzzle, although comorbidities age/gender person are believed play key role. SARS-CoV-2 needs angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor for its infectivity, association between ACE2 leads decline activity neuroprotective effects. Acute distress may also induce hypoxia, leading increased oxidative stress neurodegeneration. Infection neurons along peripheral leukocytes’ activation results proinflammatory cytokine release, rendering brain more susceptible neurodegenerative changes. Due advancement molecular biology techniques vaccine development programs, world now hope relatively quickly study combat deadly virus. On other side, however, seems be evolving new variants being discovered periodically. In keeping up pace this virus, there been avalanche studies. This review provides update recent progress adjudicating CNS-related mechanisms infection potential incite or accelerate neurodegeneration surviving patients. Current emerging therapeutic opportunities biomarker highlighted.

Language: Английский

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Plant-Derived Natural Products as Lead Agents against Common Respiratory Diseases

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(10), P. 3054 - 3054

Published: May 10, 2022

Never has the world been more challenged by respiratory diseases (RDs) than it witnessed in last few decades. This is evident plethora of acute and chronic conditions, ranging from asthma obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, pneumonia, influenza, recently, novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease. Unfortunately, emergence drug-resistant strains pathogens, drug toxicity side effects are drawbacks effective chemotherapeutic management RDs; hence, our focus on natural sources because their unique chemical diversities therapeutic applications. review provides a summary some common RDs, strategies, prospect plant-derived products search for new drugs against diseases.

Language: Английский

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Enhancing the Anti-Leukemic Potential of Thymoquinone/Sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD) Inclusion Complexes

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 1891 - 1891

Published: July 4, 2023

Leukemia, a condition characterized by the abnormal proliferation of blood cells, poses significant challenges in cancer treatment. Thymoquinone (TQ), bioactive compound derived from black seed, has demonstrated anticancer properties, including telomerase inhibition and induction apoptosis. However, TQ's poor solubility limited bioavailability hinder its clinical application. This study explored use Sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD), cyclodextrin derivative, to enhance stability TQ for leukemia SBE-β-CD offers low hemolytic activity been successfully employed controlled drug release systems. The investigated formation inclusion complexes between evaluated their effects on cell growth activity. results indicated that TQ/SBE-β-CD complex exhibited improved enhanced cytotoxic against K-562 cells compared alone, suggesting potential as delivery system TQ. annexin V-FITC assay increased apoptosis, while qPCR quantification revealed reduced treated with TQ/SBE-β-CD, supporting anti-leukemic potential. molecular docking analysis strong binding affinity telomerase. further research is needed optimize apoptotic minimize necrosis induction. In conclusion, shows promise novel strategy treatment inhibiting enhancing TQ, offering solution overcome limitations bioavailability.

Language: Английский

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Virulence traits and novel drug delivery strategies for mucormycosis post-COVID-19: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

The outbreak of a fatal black fungus infection after the resurgence cadaverous COVID-19 has exhorted scientists worldwide to develop nutshell by repurposing or designing new formulations address crisis. Patients expressing are more susceptible Mucormycosis (MCR) and thus fall easy prey decease accounting for this global threat. Their mortality rates range around 32-70% depending on organs affected grow even higher despite treatment. many contemporary recommendations strongly advise using liposomal amphotericin B surgery as first-line therapy whenever practicable. MCR is dangerous that requires an antifungal drug administration appropriate prescription, typically one following: Amphotericin B, Posaconazole, Isavuconazole since fungi cause resistant other medications like fluconazole, voriconazole, echinocandins. Posaconazole administered through veins (intravenously), isavuconazole mouth (orally). From last several years so compounds developed against invasive fungal disease but only few them able induce effective treatment micorals. Adjuvant medicines, particularly, difficult assess without prospective randomized controlled investigations, which challenging conduct given lower incidence from Mucormycosis. present analysis provides insight into pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, underlying virulence, growth mechanisms. In addition, current in Post Covid-19 individuals includes conventional novel nano-based advanced management systems procuring deadly infection. study urges involving nanomedicine prevent at commencement infection, delay progression, mitigate fatality risk.

Language: Английский

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Removal of microbial pathogens and anticancer activity of synthesized nano-thymoquinone from Nigella sativa seeds

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24, P. 102068 - 102068

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Nigella Sativa (N. sativa) also known as black cumin seed and their active component thymoquinone are used anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial anticancer treatments. This study was aimed to synthesizes, characterize compare the antibacterial activity of biologically synthesized nano (Tb-NPs) chemically (Tc-NPs). The synthesis nano-thymoquinone (nTQ) by chemical method based on wet milling technique biological using N. sativa seeds extract. nTQ characterized UV, FTIR FESEM analysis. effects Tc-NPs Tb-NPs were evaluated against common antibiotic resistant organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococci faecalis, Klebsiella species E. coli) agar well diffusion. results obtained from UV spectra analysis showed highly intense absorption for both at 242 nm 319 respectively. spectrum characteristics peaks five different regions. micro/nano fibers homogeneously distributed spherical agglomerates that unevenly distributed. cytotoxicity assay potential Tb NPs with minimal concentration Tc NPs. Additionally these particles removal bacterial fungal pathogens increased zone inhibition. concluded biosynthesized have shown more because ability remove microbial increase cancer cell death. These findings may encourage use biosynthesis over chemosynthesis method.

Language: Английский

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