Antimicrobial resistance: Impacts, challenges, and future prospects

Journal of Medicine Surgery and Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100081 - 100081

Published: March 2, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health issue driven by antibiotic misuse and overuse in various sectors, leading to the emergence of resistant microorganisms. The history AMR dates back discovery penicillin, with rise multidrug-resistant pathogens posing significant challenges healthcare systems worldwide. antibiotics human animal health, as well agriculture, contributes spread genes, creating "Silent Pandemic" that could surpass other causes mortality 2050. affects both humans animals, treating infections. Various mechanisms, such enzymatic modification biofilm formation, enable microbes withstand effects antibiotics. lack effective threatens routine medical procedures lead millions deaths annually if left unchecked. economic impact substantial, projected losses trillions dollars financial burdens on agriculture. Artificial intelligence being explored tool combat improving diagnostics treatment strategies, although data quality algorithmic biases exist. To address effectively, One Health approach considers human, animal, environmental factors crucial. This includes enhancing surveillance systems, promoting stewardship programs, investing research development for new antimicrobial options. Public awareness, education, international collaboration are essential combating preserving efficacy future generations.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Predicting and Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27, P. 423 - 439

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to global public health. The current review synthesizes address the possible role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML) in mitigating AMR. Supervised learning, unsupervised deep reinforcement natural language processing are some main tools used this domain. AI/ML models can use various data sources, such as clinical information, genomic sequences, microbiome insights, epidemiological for predicting AMR outbreaks. Although relatively new fields, numerous case studies offer substantial evidence their successful application outbreaks with greater accuracy. These provide insights into discovery novel antimicrobials, repurposing existing drugs, combination therapy through analysis molecular structures. In addition, AI-based decision support systems real-time guide healthcare professionals improve prescribing antibiotics. also outlines how AI surveillance, analyze trends, enable early outbreak identification. Challenges, ethical considerations, privacy, model biases exist, however, continuous development methodologies enables play significant combating

Language: Английский

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Antibiotic contamination in wastewater treatment plant effluents: Current research and future perspectives

Environmental Nanotechnology Monitoring & Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101047 - 101047

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advancements in Antibacterial Therapy: Feature Papers

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 557 - 557

Published: March 1, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis that threatens the efficacy of antibiotics and modern medical interventions. The emergence multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, exacerbated by misuse in healthcare agriculture, underscores urgent need for innovative solutions. (1) Background: AMR arises from complex interactions between human, animal, environmental health, further aggravated overuse inadequate regulation antibiotics. Conventional treatments are increasingly ineffective, necessitating alternative strategies. Emerging approaches, including bacteriophage therapy, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), nanotechnology, microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs), CRISPR-based antimicrobials, provide novel mechanisms complement traditional combating resistant pathogens. (2) Methods: This review critically analyzes advanced antibacterial strategies conjunction with systemic reforms such as stewardship programs, One Health framework, surveillance tools. These methods can enhance detection, guide interventions, promote sustainable practices. Additionally, economic, logistical, regulatory challenges impeding their implementation evaluated. (3) Results: technologies, CRISPR exhibit promising potential targeting mechanisms. However, disparities resource distribution barriers hinder widespread adoption. Public–private partnerships agriculture practices critical to overcoming these obstacles. (4) Conclusions: A holistic integrated approach essential mitigating impact AMR. By aligning therapeutic policies, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, ensuring equitable distribution, we develop response this 21st-century challenge.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli in the Environment, Cow Dung, and Milk of Selangor Dairy Farms

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 137 - 137

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Background/Objectives: The increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to global public health urgently needs attention. Misuse antimicrobials in sectors such as dairy farming has led the emergence and spread resistant bacteria genes. This study investigated AMR patterns profiles Escherichia coli (E. coli) from various sources, including soil, effluent, cow dung, milk. Methods: A total 192 samples were collected, comprising environmental (soil effluent), dung samples, milk eight farms Selangor, Malaysia. plate method was employed isolate E. coli, all isolates subjected Gram staining identify Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. Vitek® 2 system used for identification susceptibility testing. Results: prevalence identified 66.1%. 360 successfully isolated, 19.7% presented with ampicillin exhibiting highest (18.3%), followed by trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (8.9%). Additionally, 8.9% them multidrug resistant, which could be divided into 16 patterns. For extended spectrum beta-lactamase screening, nine positive. Conclusions: finding emphasizes rise growing industry underscores urgency addressing potential reservoir AMR. Therefore, essential measures continuous surveillance effective stewardship programs are crucial regulating veterinary use. Research on mechanisms driving development dissemination is imperative One Health concerns.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of public awareness on antimicrobial resistance and practices for antimicrobial use in Dodoma region of Tanzania

Discover Social Science and Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Organophosphate pesticides and their potential in the change of microbial population and frequency of antibiotic resistance genes in aquatic environments

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 376, P. 144296 - 144296

Published: March 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Status and implications of the knowledge, attitudes and practices towards AWaRe antibiotic use, resistance and stewardship among low- and middle-income countries

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7(2)

Published: March 4, 2025

There are concerns globally with rising rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). AMR is driven by high inappropriate prescribing dispensing antibiotics, Watch antibiotics. To develop future interventions, it important to document current knowledge, attitudes practices (KAP) among key stakeholder groups LMICs. We undertook a narrative review published papers four WHO Regions including African Asian countries. Relevant were sourced from 2018 2024 synthesized group, country, Region, income level year. The findings summarized identify pertinent activities for all groups. 459 papers, large number coming Africa (42.7%). An appreciable dealt patients' KAP (33.1%), reflecting their influence on the was marked consistency across Regions, showing antibiotics viral infections despite professed knowledge AMR. similar issues dispensers. Patients' beliefs regarding effectiveness self-limiting infectious diseases major challenge, although educational programmes did improve knowledge. development AWaRe (Access, Reserve) system, practical guidance, provides opportunity standardization inputs. Similar LMICs presents clear opportunities input training based system.

Language: Английский

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Seasonal dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements in a subtropical coastal ecosystem: Implications for environmental health risks

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 119298 - 119298

Published: May 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Ratanjot (<em>Alkanna tinctoria</em> L.) Root Extract, Rich in Antioxidants, Exhibits Strong Antimicrobial Activity Against Foodborne Pathogens and Is a Potential Food Preservative

Published: June 23, 2024

Natural and sustainable plant-based antioxidants antimicrobials are highly desirable for improving food quality safety. The present investigation assessed the antimicrobial antioxidant properties of active components from Alkanna tinctoria (herb) roots, also known as Ratanjot root. Two methods were used to extract components: microwave-assisted hot water (MAHW) ethanol air-dried. MAHW yielded 6.29% while 18.27%, suggesting superior root powder (RRP) solubility in over water. showed significantly higher activity than extract. Gas chromatography mass-spec analysis revealed three major phenolic compounds: Butanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-; Arnebin 7, Diisooctylpthalate. color attributes (L*, a*, b*, hab, C*ab) ethanolic extracts significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) all above parameters both types extracts, except yellowness (b*) chroma (C*ab) values. exhibited against 14 bacterial species, with a signifi-cantly inhibitory effect Gram-positive bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes Staphylococcus aureus) Gram-negative (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Escherichia coli). minimum concentration (MIC) bactericidal (MBC) 25 mg/ml bacteria, MIC MBC concentrations varied (0.049 - 0.098 0.195 mg/ml) was bactericidal. activities RRP remained stable under broad temperature (37-100°C) pH (2-6) conditions, well during refrigerated storage 30 days. Application at 1% (10 mg/g) 2.5% (25 levels cooked chicken meatball model system prevented lipid oxidation improved sensory retarded microbial growth (4°C) 20 Furthermore, non-toxic when tested sheep erythrocytes did not inhibit probiotics, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. In conclusion, study suggests that possesses excellent activities, thus making it suitable preservation.

Language: Английский

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