An Insight to Brain Targeting Utilizing Polymeric Nanoparticles: Effective Treatment Modalities for Neurological Disorders and Brain Tumor

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

The delivery of therapeutic molecules to the brain remains an unsolved problem researchers due existence blood-brain barrier (BBB), which halts entry unwanted substances brain. Central nervous system (CNS) disorders, mainly Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's schizophrenia, tumors, and stroke, are highly prevalent globally a growing concern for restricting pharmaceutical drugs So effective treatment modalities essential combat epidemic CNS diseases. Recently, attention in field nanotechnology has gained faith therapeutics by targeting them specific target site. Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) emerge out be instrumental approach drug overcoming physiological barrier, biomedical BBB. Preclinical discovery shown tremendous potential versatility PNPs encapsulating several their deepest regions brain, thus improving intervention disorders. current review will summarize advances development functional molecular effects obtained preclinical model most common advancement clinical practice prospect also discussed briefly.

Language: Английский

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Review of Pharmacotherapeutic Targets in Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Management Using Traditional Medicinal Plants

Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 14, P. 47 - 74

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, and impaired daily functioning. While there currently no cure for AD, several pharmacotherapeutic targets management strategies have been explored. Additionally, traditional medicinal plants gained attention their potential role in AD management. Pharmacotherapeutic include amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction. Traditional plants, such as Ginkgo biloba, Huperzia serrata, Curcuma longa (turmeric), Panax ginseng, demonstrated the ability to modulate these through bioactive compounds. biloba , instance, contains flavonoids terpenoids that exhibit neuroprotective effects reducing Aβ deposition enhancing cerebral blood flow. serrata natural source of huperzine A, has acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting properties, thus improving function. enriched with curcumin, exhibits anti-inflammatory antioxidant effects, potentially mitigating neuroinflammation stress. ginseng's ginsenosides shown anti-amyloidogenic properties. The investigation complementary approach offers advantages, including lower risk adverse multi-target interactions. Furthermore, cultural knowledge utilization provide rich information development new therapies. However, further research necessary elucidate precise mechanisms action, standardize preparations, assess safety efficacy remedies. Integrating medicinal-plant-based therapies modern pharmacotherapies may hold key more comprehensive effective treatment. This review aims explore its Keywords: disease, acetylcholinesterase, amyloid beta, protein, medicine, Ayurvedic herbs, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, disorders, cognition

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s Disease: A Brief History of Immunotherapies Targeting Amyloid β

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3895 - 3895

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and may contribute to 60-70% cases. Worldwide, around 50 million people suffer from prediction that number will more than triple by 2050, as population ages. Extracellular protein aggregation plaque deposition well accumulation intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, all leading neurodegeneration, are hallmarks brains with disease. Therapeutic strategies including active passive immunizations have been widely explored in last two decades. Several compounds shown promising results many AD animal models. To date, only symptomatic treatments available because alarming epidemiological data, novel therapeutic prevent, mitigate, or delay onset required. In this mini-review, we focus on our understanding pathobiology discuss current immunomodulating therapies targeting amyloid-β protein.

Language: Английский

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Biomedical applications of MnO2 nanomaterials as nanozyme-based theranostics

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 163, P. 114833 - 114833

Published: May 8, 2023

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoenzymes/nanozymes (MnO2-NEs) are 1-100 nm nanomaterials that mimic catalytic, oxidative, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. The oxidative-like activity of MnO2-NEs makes them suitable for developing effective low-cost colorimetric detection assays biomolecules. Interestingly, also demonstrate scavenging properties against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various pathological conditions. In addition, due to the decomposition tumor microenvironment (TME) production Mn2+, they can act as a contrast agent improving clinical imaging diagnostics. use an situ system TME, thereby overcoming hypoxic conditions their consequences progression cancer. Furthermore, shell coating make nanosystems smart and, therefore, combination with other nanomaterials, be used intelligent nanocarrier delivering drugs, photosensitizers, sonosensitizers vivo. Moreover, these capabilities promising candidate treatment different human diseases such cancer, metabolic, infectious, inflammatory have ROS-scavenging anti-bacterial Gram-positive Gram-negative bacterial strains, which wound healing applications. Given importance potential applications biomedicine, this review aimed discuss biochemical theranostic roles recent advances biomolecules, diagnostic imaging, drug delivery, combinatorial therapy Finally, challenges biomedicine will discussed.

Language: Английский

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Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Implications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3995 - 3995

Published: April 3, 2024

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) have become increasingly common during the past three decades. Approximately 15% of total population world is affected by some form NDs, resulting in physical and cognitive disability. The most NDs include Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease. Although are caused a complex interaction genetic, environmental, lifestyle variables, neuroinflammation known to be associated with all often leading permanent damage neurons central nervous system. Furthermore, numerous emerging pieces evidence demonstrated that inflammation not only supports progression but can also serve as an initiator. Hence, various medicines capable preventing or reducing been investigated ND treatments. While anti-inflammatory medicine has shown promising benefits several preclinical models, clinical outcomes questionable. In this review, we discuss their current treatment strategies, role pathophysiology use agents potential therapeutic option.

Language: Английский

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