ChatGPT Output Regarding Compulsory Vaccination and COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy: A Descriptive Study at the Outset of a Paradigm Shift in Online Search for Information

Cureus, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Background: Being on the verge of a revolutionary approach to gathering information, ChatGPT (an artificial intelligence (AI)-based language model developed by OpenAI, and capable producing human-like text) could be prime motive paradigm shift how humans will acquire information. Despite concerns related use such promising tool in relation future quality education, this technology soon incorporated into web search engines mandating need evaluate output tool. Previous studies showed that dependence some sources online information (e.g., social media platforms) was associated with higher rates vaccination hesitancy. Therefore, aim current study describe regarding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine conspiracy beliefs. compulsory vaccination. Methods: The descriptive conducted January 14, 2023 using from OpenAI (OpenAI, L.L.C., San Francisco, CA, USA). evaluated two authors degree agreement correctness, clarity, conciseness, bias Cohen’s kappa. Results: responses were dismissive conspiratorial ideas about severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) origins labeling it as non-credible lacking scientific evidence. Additionally, totally against COVID-19 statements. Regarding vaccination, neutral citing following advantages strategy: protecting public health, maintaining herd immunity, reducing spread disease, cost-effectiveness, legal obligation, other hand, cited disadvantages vaccination: ethical concerns, mistrust resistance, logistical challenges, limited resources knowledge. Conclusions: source challenge conspiracies. For resonated divided opinion community toward strategy; nevertheless, detailed pros cons approach. As currently stands, judicious utilized user-friendly clear, concise, non-biased content. However, content cannot used an alternative original reliable World Health Organization [WHO] Centers for Disease Control Prevention [CDC]).

Language: Английский

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Global Prevalence and Potential Influencing Factors of COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy: A Meta-Analysis

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1356 - 1356

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Countries worldwide have deployed mass COVID-19 vaccination drives, but there are people who hesitant to receive the vaccine. Studies assessing factors associated with hesitancy inconclusive. This study aimed assess global prevalence of and determine potential such hesitancy. We performed an organized search for relevant articles in PubMed, Scopus, Web Science. Extraction required information was each study. A single-arm meta-analysis hesitancy; related vaccine were analyzed using a Z-test. total 56 included our analysis. found that 25%. Being woman, being 50-year-old or younger, single, unemployed, living household five more individuals, having educational attainment lower than undergraduate degree, non-healthcare-related job considering vaccines be unsafe higher risk In contrast, children at home, maintaining physical distancing norms, ever tested COVID-19, history influenza past few years vaccination. Our provides valuable on hesitancy, we recommend special interventions sub-populations increased reduce

Language: Английский

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Assessing Healthcare Workers’ Knowledge and Their Confidence in the Diagnosis and Management of Human Monkeypox: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Middle Eastern Country

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 1722 - 1722

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

The ongoing multi-country human monkeypox (HMPX) outbreak was declared as a public health emergency of international concern. Considering the key role healthcare workers (HCWs) in mitigating HMPX outbreak, we aimed to assess their level knowledge and confidence diagnosis management disease, besides assessment attitude towards emerging virus infections from conspiracy point view. An online survey distributed among HCWs Jordan, Middle Eastern country, during May−July 2022 using questionnaire published previous study university students schools Jordan. sample comprised 606 HCWs, with about two-thirds being either physicians (n = 204, 33.7%) or nurses 190, 31.4%). Four out 11 items had <50% correct responses only 33.3% respondents having that vaccination is available prevent HMPX. A majority 356, 58.7%) strongly agreed, agreed somewhat spread related male homosexuals. Confidence ability based on diagnostic tests reported by 50.2% respondents, while levels were lower for manage (38.9%) diagnose (38.0%) cases current skills. Higher found compared nurses. endorsement beliefs emergence associated knowledge, belief homosexuals spread, levels. highlighted gaps regarding Jordan well lack Raising awareness disease needed urgently considering rapid escalation number worldwide East. homosexuals’ necessitates proper intervention measures stigma discrimination this risk group. adoption conspiratorial widely prevalent issue needs be addressed accurate its potential harmful impact.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine and booster hesitation around the world: A literature review

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

The development of COVID-19 vaccines has helped limit the extent pandemic, which over past 2 years claimed lived millions people. Moderna and Pfizer were first to be manufactured using mRNA technology. Since then, other manufacturers have built their own utilize adenovirus vector, whole inactivated coronavirus, protein subunit methods. Given continued mutation SARS-CoV-2 virus, a booster vaccine offers additional protection for citizens, especially those with comorbid conditions. However, uptake faced hurdles. This literature review aims analyze acceptance among different populations throughout world. Keywords searched include “COVID-19 rates OR rates,” hesitancy,” “reasons against vaccine,” acceptance” (for each country). Research articles indexed in PubMed, University Illinois Urbana-Champaign Library, Google Scholar included. Despite proven effectiveness booster, hesitancy is still causing suboptimal compliance primary thus slowing down control pandemic. Reasons differ by country affected misinformation, political circumstances, cultural values. Among most common reasons found are distrust government, lack safety information, fear side effects. Uptake also been delayed low middle income countries due resource allocation as result, these fallen behind vaccination benchmarks. future unknown, but mandates doses possibility. Determining ethical impact that policies could will allow best implementation.

Language: Английский

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Worldwide Estimation of Parental Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine for Their Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 533 - 533

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Currently, the best method to well control spread of COVID-19 without severe mental health problems is reach herd immunity. Therefore, vaccination rate vaccine critical. Among populations, children are vulnerable ones get vaccinated; therefore, it important assess parents’ and guardians’ willingness have their vaccinated. The present systematic review meta-analysis synthesized evidence estimate acceptance toward children. Additionally, factors explaining were investigated. Four academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, ProQuest) together with Google Scholar searched, references included publications searched as well. Using PECO-S framework (population, exposure, comparison, outcome, study design), observational studies cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control included. outcome was let be in restricted English peer-reviewed papers published between December 2019 July 2022. A total 98 across 69 different countries 413,590 participants mean age parents 39.10 (range: 18–70) years that 8.45 0–18) years. pooled estimated prevalence parental vaccinate 57% (98 studies, 95% CI: 52–62%, I2: 99.92%, τ2: 0.06). Moreover, data collection time a significant factor multivariable meta-regression, 13% decrease by each month increase time, 11.44% variance. Qualitative synthesis results showed knowledge, trust theCOVID-19 vaccine, facilitators (e.g., low cost, good accessibility, government incentive) for higher willingness, while having worries psychological distress) lower willingness. Given relatively (57%) does not achieve requirement immunity (i.e., 70%), governments healthcare authorities should try elevate knowledge facilitate vaccination, reduce difficulties improve overall among

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Acceptance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(10), P. 298 - 298

Published: Oct. 13, 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster dose vaccination after completing the primary series for individuals ≥18 years and most-at-risk populations. This study aimed to estimate pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine uptake intention get among general populations healthcare workers (HCWs). We searched PsycINFO, Scopus, EBSCO, MEDLINE Central/PubMed, ProQuest, SciELO, SAGE, Web Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect according PRISMA guidelines. From a total 1079 screened records, 50 studies were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using 48 high-quality Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool. Using included studies, acceptance 198,831 subjects 81% (95% confidence interval (CI): 75–85%, I2 = 100%). actual in eight involving 12,995 31% CI: 19–46%, 100%), while have 79% 72–85%, vaccines HCWs 66% 58–74%), 99%). Meta-regression revealed that previous infection associated with lower dose. Conversely, significantly higher level uptake. WHO region Americas, which did not include any vaccination, 77% 66–85%, Western Pacific 89% 84–92%, 100), followed by European region: 86% 81–90%, 99%), Eastern Mediterranean 59% 46–71%, Southeast Asian 52% 43–61%, 95). Having chronic trust effectiveness significant predictors acceptance. global rate is high, but rates vary region. To achieve herd immunity disease, high required. Intensive campaigns programs are still needed around world raise public awareness regarding importance accepting proper control pandemic.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Psychological Factors and Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs in Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake among Jordanian Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1355 - 1355

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Vaccination to prevent influenza virus infection and lessen its severity is recommended among healthcare workers (HCWs). Health professionals have a higher risk of exposure viruses could transmit the vulnerable patients who are prone severe disease mortality. The aim current study was evaluate levels vaccine acceptance uptake as well determinants, Jordanian HCWs over last season 2021/2022. This based on self-administered electronic survey that distributed in March 2022. Psychological determinants conspiracy beliefs were assessed using previously validated 5C scale questionnaire (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation collective responsibility) scale. sample comprised total 1218 HCWs: nurses (n = 412, 33.8%), physicians 367, 30.1%), medical technicians 182, 14.9%), pharmacists 161, 13.2%) dentists 87, 7.1%), others. About two-thirds expressed willingness receive vaccination if provided free charge 807, 66.3%), whereas less than one-third willing pay for 388, 31.9%). self-reported 62.8%. following factors significantly associated with freely, opposed hesitancy/rejection: male sex; HCW categories; confidence responsibility; lower constraints calculation. Higher correlated categories, older age, monthly income, responsibility, complacency embrace general beliefs. results can provide helpful clues improve coverage Jordan. Consequently, this help protect patient groups reserve valuable resources settings. appeared be most significant uptake, rates which should considered educational interventional measures aiming promote vaccination.

Language: Английский

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COVID‐19 in Latin America and the Caribbean: Two years of the pandemic

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 292(3), P. 409 - 427

Published: April 12, 2022

Abstract Worldwide, nations have struggled during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. However, Latin America and Caribbean faced an unmatched catastrophic toll. As of March 2022, region has reported approximately 15% cases 28% deaths worldwide. Considering relatively late arrival SARS‐CoV‐2, several factors in were determinants humanitarian crisis that ensued. Pandemic unpreparedness, fragile healthcare systems, forthright inequalities, poor governmental support facilitated spread virus throughout region. Moreover, reliance on repurposed ineffective drugs such as hydroxychloroquine ivermectin—to treat or prevent COVID‐19—was publicised through misinformation created a false sense security adherence to social distancing measures. While there hopes herd immunity could be achieved after region's disastrous first peak, emergence Gamma, Lambda, Mu variants made this unattainable. This review explores how fared 2 years pandemic, how, despite all challenges, became global leader COVID‐19 vaccination, with 63% its population fully vaccinated.

Language: Английский

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Trust in Science as a Possible Mediator between Different Antecedents and COVID-19 Booster Vaccination Intention: An Integration of Health Belief Model (HBM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 1099 - 1099

Published: July 8, 2022

As the literature highlights, many health behavior theories try to explain both social and psychological variables influencing an individual's behavior. This study integrates insights relative antecedents of getting vaccinated from theories, particularly including belief model (HBM), theory planned (TPB), different socio-demographic factors. Furthermore, we considered possible mechanism impact distrust in science on individuals' hesitance resistance taking up SARS-CoV-2 vaccination subjects living Italy. A correlational 1095 enrolled when national campaign for third dose was launched. questionnaire used measure: Italian Risk Perception; subjective norm; trust science, vaccine; fear COVID-19; perceived knowledge about SARS-CoV-2; booster intention. Principal results show that: (i) positive relationship provided by HBM between perceptions risk (vulnerability severity) intention have vaccine, through (ii) norms intention; (iii) that plays a crucial role predicting Finally, indications COVID-19, full mediation relationships determinants TPA HBM, In conclusion, (not) get requires consideration plethora socio-psychological However, overall, appears be key determinant Additional strategies promoting healthy are needed.

Language: Английский

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Assessing COVID-19 Booster Hesitancy and Its Correlates: An Early Evidence from India

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 1048 - 1048

Published: June 30, 2022

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 mutants, waning immunity, and breakthrough infections prompted the use booster doses COVID-19 vaccine to fight against pandemic. India started in January 2022 it is critical determine intention dose uptake its correlates. Therefore, current cross-sectional study aimed investigate acceptability associated predictors among Indian population. A convenience sampling technique was utilized recruit a sample 687 residents. 55-item psychometric validated survey tool used assess acceptability, literacy confidence. Univariate, bivariate, multivariate statistical methods were analyze data. Over 50% participants reported their willingness take dose. Among group not willing (n = 303, 44.1%), significantly larger proportion respondents unvaccinated with primary series (12.2% vs. 5.2%, p < 0.001), had an annual income below 2.96 lacs/annum (52.8% 33.1, residents rural areas (38.0% 23.2%, living vulnerable individuals (78.5% 65.2%, 0.001) did have family/friends who tested positive for (54.6% 35.1%, 0.001). Demographic, variables multi-theory model subscales predict initiation hesitant statistically significant, R2 0.561, F (26, 244) 11.978, 0.001; adjusted 0.514. Findings this highlight need develop evidence-based interventions promote uptake, particularly hard-to-reach communities developing countries.

Language: Английский

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